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Initial part of #435
542 lines
16 KiB
Markdown
542 lines
16 KiB
Markdown
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# Go Strcase
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[![Go Report Card](https://goreportcard.com/badge/github.com/ettle/strcase)](https://goreportcard.com/report/github.com/ettle/strcase)
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[![Coverage](http://gocover.io/_badge/github.com/ettle/strcase?0)](http://gocover.io/github.com/ettle/strcase)
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[![GoDoc](https://godoc.org/github.com/ettle/strcase?status.svg)](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/ettle/strcase)
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Convert strings to `snake_case`, `camelCase`, `PascalCase`, `kebab-case` and more! Supports Go initialisms, customization, and Unicode.
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`import "github.com/ettle/strcase"`
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## <a name="pkg-overview">Overview</a>
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Package strcase is a package for converting strings into various word cases
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(e.g. snake_case, camelCase)
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go get -u github.com/ettle/strcase
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Example usage
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strcase.ToSnake("Hello World") // hello_world
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strcase.ToSNAKE("Hello World") // HELLO_WORLD
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strcase.ToKebab("helloWorld") // hello-world
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strcase.ToKEBAB("helloWorld") // HELLO-WORLD
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strcase.ToPascal("hello-world") // HelloWorld
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strcase.ToCamel("hello-world") // helloWorld
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// Handle odd cases
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strcase.ToSnake("FOOBar") // foo_bar
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// Support Go initialisms
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strcase.ToGoCamel("http_response") // HTTPResponse
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// Specify case and delimiter
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strcase.ToCase("HelloWorld", strcase.UpperCase, '.') // HELLO.WORLD
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### Why this package
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String strcase is pretty straight forward and there are a number of methods to
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do it. This package is fully featured, more customizable, better tested, and
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faster* than other packages and what you would probably whip up yourself.
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### Unicode support
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We work for with unicode strings and pay very little performance penalty for it
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as we optimized for the common use case of ASCII only strings.
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### Customization
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You can create a custom caser that changes the behavior to what you want. This
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customization also reduces the pressure for us to change the default behavior
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which means that things are more stable for everyone involved. The goal is to
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make the common path easy and fast, while making the uncommon path possible.
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c := NewCaser(
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// Use Go's default initialisms e.g. ID, HTML
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true,
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// Override initialisms (e.g. don't initialize HTML but initialize SSL
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map[string]bool{"SSL": true, "HTML": false},
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// Write your own custom SplitFn
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//
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NewSplitFn(
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[]rune{'*', '.', ','},
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SplitCase,
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SplitAcronym,
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PreserveNumberFormatting,
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SplitBeforeNumber,
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SplitAfterNumber,
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))
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assert.Equal(t, "http_200", c.ToSnake("http200"))
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### Initialism support
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By default, we use the golint intialisms list. You can customize and override
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the initialisms if you wish to add additional ones, such as "SSL" or "CMS" or
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domain specific ones to your industry.
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ToGoCamel("http_response") // HTTPResponse
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ToGoSnake("http_response") // HTTP_response
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### Test coverage
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We have a wide ranging test suite to make sure that we understand our behavior.
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Test coverage isn't everything, but we aim for 100% coverage.
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### Fast
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Optimized to reduce memory allocations with Builder. Benchmarked and optimized
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around common cases.
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We're on par with the fastest packages (that have less features) and much
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faster than others. We also benchmarked against code snippets. Using string
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builders to reduce memory allocation and reordering boolean checks for the
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common cases have a large performance impact.
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Hopefully I was fair to each library and happy to rerun benchmarks differently
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or reword my commentary based on suggestions or updates.
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// This package
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// Go intialisms and custom casers are slower
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BenchmarkToTitle-4 992491 1559 ns/op 32 B/op 1 allocs/op
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BenchmarkToSnake-4 1000000 1475 ns/op 32 B/op 1 allocs/op
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BenchmarkToSNAKE-4 1000000 1609 ns/op 32 B/op 1 allocs/op
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BenchmarkToGoSnake-4 275010 3697 ns/op 44 B/op 4 allocs/op
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BenchmarkToCustomCaser-4 342704 4191 ns/op 56 B/op 4 allocs/op
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// Segment has very fast snake case and camel case libraries
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// No features or customization, but very very fast
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BenchmarkSegment-4 1303809 938 ns/op 16 B/op 1 allocs/op
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// Stdlib strings.Title for comparison, even though it only splits on spaces
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BenchmarkToTitleStrings-4 1213467 1164 ns/op 16 B/op 1 allocs/op
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// Other libraries or code snippets
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// - Most are slower, by up to an order of magnitude
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// - None support initialisms or customization
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// - Some generate only camelCase or snake_case
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// - Many lack unicode support
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BenchmarkToSnakeStoewer-4 973200 2075 ns/op 64 B/op 2 allocs/op
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// Copying small rune arrays is slow
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BenchmarkToSnakeSiongui-4 264315 4229 ns/op 48 B/op 10 allocs/op
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BenchmarkGoValidator-4 206811 5152 ns/op 184 B/op 9 allocs/op
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// String alloction is slow
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BenchmarkToSnakeFatih-4 82675 12280 ns/op 392 B/op 26 allocs/op
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BenchmarkToSnakeIanColeman-4 83276 13903 ns/op 145 B/op 13 allocs/op
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// Regexp is slow
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BenchmarkToSnakeGolangPrograms-4 74448 18586 ns/op 176 B/op 11 allocs/op
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// These results aren't a surprise - my initial version of this library was
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// painfully slow. I think most of us, without spending some time with
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// profilers and benchmarks, would write also something on the slower side.
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### Why not this package
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If every nanosecond matters and this is used in a tight loop, use segment.io's
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libraries (<a href="https://github.com/segmentio/go-snakecase">https://github.com/segmentio/go-snakecase</a> and
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<a href="https://github.com/segmentio/go-camelcase">https://github.com/segmentio/go-camelcase</a>). They lack features, but make up for
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it by being blazing fast. Alternatively, if you need your code to work slightly
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differently, fork them and tailor it for your use case.
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If you don't like having external imports, I get it. This package only imports
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packages for testing, otherwise it only uses the standard library. If that's
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not enough, you can use this repo as the foundation for your own. MIT Licensed.
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This package is still relatively new and while I've used it for a while
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personally, it doesn't have the miles that other packages do. I've tested this
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code agains't their test cases to make sure that there aren't any surprises.
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### Migrating from other packages
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If you are migrating from from another package, you may find slight differences
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in output. To reduce the delta, you may find it helpful to use the following
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custom casers to mimic the behavior of the other package.
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// From <a href="https://github.com/iancoleman/strcase">https://github.com/iancoleman/strcase</a>
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var c = NewCaser(false, nil, NewSplitFn([]rune{'_', '-', '.'}, SplitCase, SplitAcronym, SplitBeforeNumber))
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// From <a href="https://github.com/stoewer/go-strcase">https://github.com/stoewer/go-strcase</a>
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var c = NewCaser(false, nil, NewSplitFn([]rune{'_', '-'}, SplitCase), SplitAcronym)
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## <a name="pkg-index">Index</a>
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* [func ToCamel(s string) string](#ToCamel)
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* [func ToCase(s string, wordCase WordCase, delimiter rune) string](#ToCase)
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* [func ToGoCamel(s string) string](#ToGoCamel)
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* [func ToGoCase(s string, wordCase WordCase, delimiter rune) string](#ToGoCase)
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* [func ToGoKebab(s string) string](#ToGoKebab)
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* [func ToGoPascal(s string) string](#ToGoPascal)
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* [func ToGoSnake(s string) string](#ToGoSnake)
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* [func ToKEBAB(s string) string](#ToKEBAB)
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* [func ToKebab(s string) string](#ToKebab)
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* [func ToPascal(s string) string](#ToPascal)
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* [func ToSNAKE(s string) string](#ToSNAKE)
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* [func ToSnake(s string) string](#ToSnake)
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* [type Caser](#Caser)
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* [func NewCaser(goInitialisms bool, initialismOverrides map[string]bool, splitFn SplitFn) *Caser](#NewCaser)
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* [func (c *Caser) ToCamel(s string) string](#Caser.ToCamel)
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* [func (c *Caser) ToCase(s string, wordCase WordCase, delimiter rune) string](#Caser.ToCase)
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* [func (c *Caser) ToKEBAB(s string) string](#Caser.ToKEBAB)
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* [func (c *Caser) ToKebab(s string) string](#Caser.ToKebab)
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* [func (c *Caser) ToPascal(s string) string](#Caser.ToPascal)
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* [func (c *Caser) ToSNAKE(s string) string](#Caser.ToSNAKE)
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* [func (c *Caser) ToSnake(s string) string](#Caser.ToSnake)
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* [type SplitAction](#SplitAction)
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* [type SplitFn](#SplitFn)
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* [func NewSplitFn(delimiters []rune, splitOptions ...SplitOption) SplitFn](#NewSplitFn)
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* [type SplitOption](#SplitOption)
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* [type WordCase](#WordCase)
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## <a name="ToCamel">func</a> [ToCamel](./strcase.go#L57)
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``` go
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func ToCamel(s string) string
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```
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ToCamel returns words in camelCase (capitalized words concatenated together, with first word lower case).
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Also known as lowerCamelCase or mixedCase.
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## <a name="ToCase">func</a> [ToCase](./strcase.go#L70)
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``` go
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func ToCase(s string, wordCase WordCase, delimiter rune) string
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```
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ToCase returns words in given case and delimiter.
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## <a name="ToGoCamel">func</a> [ToGoCamel](./strcase.go#L65)
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``` go
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func ToGoCamel(s string) string
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```
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ToGoCamel returns words in camelCase (capitalized words concatenated together, with first word lower case).
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Also known as lowerCamelCase or mixedCase.
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Respects Go's common initialisms (e.g. httpResponse -> HTTPResponse).
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## <a name="ToGoCase">func</a> [ToGoCase](./strcase.go#L77)
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``` go
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func ToGoCase(s string, wordCase WordCase, delimiter rune) string
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```
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ToGoCase returns words in given case and delimiter.
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Respects Go's common initialisms (e.g. httpResponse -> HTTPResponse).
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## <a name="ToGoKebab">func</a> [ToGoKebab](./strcase.go#L31)
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``` go
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func ToGoKebab(s string) string
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```
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ToGoKebab returns words in kebab-case (lower case words with dashes).
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Also known as dash-case.
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Respects Go's common initialisms (e.g. http-response -> HTTP-response).
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## <a name="ToGoPascal">func</a> [ToGoPascal](./strcase.go#L51)
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``` go
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func ToGoPascal(s string) string
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```
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ToGoPascal returns words in PascalCase (capitalized words concatenated together).
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Also known as UpperPascalCase.
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Respects Go's common initialisms (e.g. HttpResponse -> HTTPResponse).
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## <a name="ToGoSnake">func</a> [ToGoSnake](./strcase.go#L11)
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``` go
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func ToGoSnake(s string) string
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```
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ToGoSnake returns words in snake_case (lower case words with underscores).
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Respects Go's common initialisms (e.g. http_response -> HTTP_response).
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## <a name="ToKEBAB">func</a> [ToKEBAB](./strcase.go#L37)
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``` go
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func ToKEBAB(s string) string
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```
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ToKEBAB returns words in KEBAB-CASE (upper case words with dashes).
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Also known as SCREAMING-KEBAB-CASE or SCREAMING-DASH-CASE.
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## <a name="ToKebab">func</a> [ToKebab](./strcase.go#L23)
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``` go
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func ToKebab(s string) string
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```
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ToKebab returns words in kebab-case (lower case words with dashes).
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Also known as dash-case.
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## <a name="ToPascal">func</a> [ToPascal](./strcase.go#L43)
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``` go
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func ToPascal(s string) string
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```
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ToPascal returns words in PascalCase (capitalized words concatenated together).
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Also known as UpperPascalCase.
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## <a name="ToSNAKE">func</a> [ToSNAKE](./strcase.go#L17)
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``` go
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func ToSNAKE(s string) string
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```
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ToSNAKE returns words in SNAKE_CASE (upper case words with underscores).
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Also known as SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE or UPPER_CASE.
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## <a name="ToSnake">func</a> [ToSnake](./strcase.go#L4)
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``` go
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func ToSnake(s string) string
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```
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ToSnake returns words in snake_case (lower case words with underscores).
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## <a name="Caser">type</a> [Caser](./caser.go#L4-L7)
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``` go
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type Caser struct {
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// contains filtered or unexported fields
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}
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```
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Caser allows for customization of parsing and intialisms
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### <a name="NewCaser">func</a> [NewCaser](./caser.go#L24)
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``` go
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func NewCaser(goInitialisms bool, initialismOverrides map[string]bool, splitFn SplitFn) *Caser
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```
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NewCaser returns a configured Caser.
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A Caser should be created when you want fine grained control over how the words are split.
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Notes on function arguments
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goInitialisms: Whether to use Golint's intialisms
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initialismOverrides: A mapping of extra initialisms
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Keys must be in ALL CAPS. Merged with Golint's if goInitialisms is set.
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Setting a key to false will override Golint's.
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splitFn: How to separate words
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Override the default split function. Consider using NewSplitFn to
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configure one instead of writing your own.
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### <a name="Caser.ToCamel">func</a> (\*Caser) [ToCamel](./caser.go#L80)
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``` go
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func (c *Caser) ToCamel(s string) string
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```
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ToCamel returns words in camelCase (capitalized words concatenated together, with first word lower case).
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Also known as lowerCamelCase or mixedCase.
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### <a name="Caser.ToCase">func</a> (\*Caser) [ToCase](./caser.go#L85)
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``` go
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func (c *Caser) ToCase(s string, wordCase WordCase, delimiter rune) string
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```
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ToCase returns words with a given case and delimiter.
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### <a name="Caser.ToKEBAB">func</a> (\*Caser) [ToKEBAB](./caser.go#L68)
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``` go
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func (c *Caser) ToKEBAB(s string) string
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```
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ToKEBAB returns words in KEBAB-CASE (upper case words with dashes).
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Also known as SCREAMING-KEBAB-CASE or SCREAMING-DASH-CASE.
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### <a name="Caser.ToKebab">func</a> (\*Caser) [ToKebab](./caser.go#L62)
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``` go
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func (c *Caser) ToKebab(s string) string
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```
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ToKebab returns words in kebab-case (lower case words with dashes).
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Also known as dash-case.
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### <a name="Caser.ToPascal">func</a> (\*Caser) [ToPascal](./caser.go#L74)
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``` go
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func (c *Caser) ToPascal(s string) string
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```
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ToPascal returns words in PascalCase (capitalized words concatenated together).
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Also known as UpperPascalCase.
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### <a name="Caser.ToSNAKE">func</a> (\*Caser) [ToSNAKE](./caser.go#L56)
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``` go
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func (c *Caser) ToSNAKE(s string) string
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```
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ToSNAKE returns words in SNAKE_CASE (upper case words with underscores).
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Also known as SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE or UPPER_CASE.
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### <a name="Caser.ToSnake">func</a> (\*Caser) [ToSnake](./caser.go#L50)
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``` go
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func (c *Caser) ToSnake(s string) string
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```
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ToSnake returns words in snake_case (lower case words with underscores).
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## <a name="SplitAction">type</a> [SplitAction](./split.go#L110)
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``` go
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type SplitAction int
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```
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SplitAction defines if and how to split a string
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``` go
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const (
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// Noop - Continue to next character
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Noop SplitAction = iota
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// Split - Split between words
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// e.g. to split between wordsWithoutDelimiters
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Split
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// SkipSplit - Split the word and drop the character
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// e.g. to split words with delimiters
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SkipSplit
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// Skip - Remove the character completely
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Skip
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)
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```
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## <a name="SplitFn">type</a> [SplitFn](./split.go#L6)
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``` go
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type SplitFn func(prev, curr, next rune) SplitAction
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```
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SplitFn defines how to split a string into words
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### <a name="NewSplitFn">func</a> [NewSplitFn](./split.go#L14-L17)
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``` go
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func NewSplitFn(
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delimiters []rune,
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splitOptions ...SplitOption,
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) SplitFn
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```
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NewSplitFn returns a SplitFn based on the options provided.
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NewSplitFn covers the majority of common options that other strcase
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libraries provide and should allow you to simply create a custom caser.
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For more complicated use cases, feel free to write your own SplitFn
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nolint:gocyclo
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## <a name="SplitOption">type</a> [SplitOption](./split.go#L93)
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``` go
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type SplitOption int
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```
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SplitOption are options that allow for configuring NewSplitFn
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``` go
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const (
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// SplitCase - FooBar -> Foo_Bar
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SplitCase SplitOption = iota
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// SplitAcronym - FOOBar -> Foo_Bar
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// It won't preserve FOO's case. If you want, you can set the Caser's initialisms so FOO will be in all caps
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SplitAcronym
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// SplitBeforeNumber - port80 -> port_80
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SplitBeforeNumber
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// SplitAfterNumber - 200status -> 200_status
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SplitAfterNumber
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// PreserveNumberFormatting - a.b.2,000.3.c -> a_b_2,000.3_c
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PreserveNumberFormatting
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)
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```
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## <a name="WordCase">type</a> [WordCase](./convert.go#L6)
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``` go
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type WordCase int
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```
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WordCase is an enumeration of the ways to format a word.
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``` go
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const (
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// Original - Preserve the original input strcase
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Original WordCase = iota
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// LowerCase - All letters lower cased (example)
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LowerCase
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|
// UpperCase - All letters upper cased (EXAMPLE)
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UpperCase
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|
// TitleCase - Only first letter upper cased (Example)
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TitleCase
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|
// CamelCase - TitleCase except lower case first word (exampleText)
|
|
CamelCase
|
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)
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|
```
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