gstreamer-cheat-sheet/basics.md
2019-02-02 09:00:48 +00:00

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# Basics (GStreamer command-line cheat sheet)
## Playing content
These examples assume that bash variable `SRC` to be set to a video file (e.g. an mp4 file). You can do this by, e.g.
```
export SRC=/home/me/videos/test.mp4
```
### Play a video (with audio)
The magical element `playbin` can play anything:
```
gst-launch-1.0 playbin uri=file://$SRC
```
This works with video, audio, RTMP streams, and so much more.
The 'bin' in 'playbin' means that under-the-hood, it's a collection of elements. We could split it down into the individual components:
```
gst-launch-1.0 filesrc location=$SRC ! \
qtdemux name=demux demux.audio_0 ! queue ! decodebin ! audioconvert ! audioresample ! \
autoaudiosink \
demux.video_0 ! queue ! \
decodebin ! videoconvert ! videoscale ! autovideosink
```
### Play a video (no audio)
```
gst-launch-1.0 -v uridecodebin uri="file://$SRC" ! autovideosink
```
which could also have been done as:
```
gst-launch-1.0 -v filesrc location="$SRC" ! decodebin ! autovideosink
```
### Play just the audio from a video
```
gst-launch-1.0 -v uridecodebin uri="file://$SRC" ! autoaudiosink
```
### Visualise the audio:
```
gst-launch-1.0 filesrc location=$SRC ! qtdemux name=demux demux.audio_0 ! queue ! decodebin ! audioconvert ! wavescope ! autovideosink
```
(or replace `wavescope` with `spectrascope` or `synaescope` or `spacescope`)
Or even better visualisation:
```
gst-launch-1.0 filesrc location=$SRC ! decodebin ! tee name=t ! queue ! audioconvert ! wavescope style=color-lines shade-amount=0x00080402 ! alpha alpha=0.5 ! videomixer name=m background=black ! videoconvert ! vertigotv ! autovideosink t. ! queue ! audioconvert ! spacescope style=color-lines shade-amount=0x00080402 ! alpha alpha=0.5 ! m. t. ! queue ! autoaudiosink
```
### Add filters
Go slightly mad:
```
gst-launch-1.0 -v filesrc location="$SRC" ! decodebin ! videoconvert ! vertigotv ! autovideosink
```
Try also rippletv, streaktv, radioactv, optv, quarktv, revtv, shagadelictv, warptv (I like), dicetv, agingtv (great), edgetv (could be great on real stuff)
### Add A clock
```
gst-launch-1.0 -v filesrc location="$SRC" ! decodebin ! clockoverlay font-desc="Sans, 48" ! videoconvert ! autovideosink
```
### Resize video
```
gst-launch-1.0 -v filesrc location="$SRC" ! decodebin ! videoconvert ! videoscale ! video/x-raw,width=100 ! autovideosink
```
### Change framerate
Changing framerate is quiet common, as the world does not have a consistent standard. Facebook Live wants 30fps, YouTube wants 30 or 60fps. There's a nice summary on the [https://documentation.apple.com/en/finalcutpro/usermanual/index.html#chapter=D%26section=4%26tasks=true](Apple FCP site).
Change framerate:
```
gst-launch-1.0 -v filesrc location="$SRC" ! decodebin ! videoconvert ! videorate ! video/x-raw,framerate=5/1 ! autovideosink
```
And of course you can resize the video and change the framerate:
```
gst-launch-1.0 -v \
filesrc location="$SRC” ! \
decodebin ! videoconvert ! videoscale ! video/x-raw,width=100 ! videorate ! video/x-raw,framerate=5/1 ! \
autovideosink
```
Here's a more complete example, that keeps the audio, and changes the size and framerate:
```
gst-launch-1.0 filesrc location=$SRC ! \
qtdemux name=demux demux.audio_0 ! queue ! decodebin ! audioconvert ! audioresample ! \
autoaudiosink \
demux.video_0 ! queue ! \
decodebin ! videoconvert ! videoscale ! videorate ! \
'video/x-raw, format=(string)I420, width=(int)320, height=(int)240, framerate=(fraction)30/1' ! \
autovideosink
```
### Play an MP3 audio file
Set the environment variable `$AUDIO_SRC` to be the location of the MP3 file. Then:
```
# All three of these do the same thing:
gst-launch-1.0 playbin uri=file://$AUDIO_SRC
gst-launch-1.0 -v uridecodebin uri="file://$AUDIO_SRC" ! autoaudiosink
gst-launch-1.0 -v filesrc location=$AUDIO_SRC ! mpegaudioparse ! decodebin ! autoaudiosink
```
### Play files back to back
See (https://coaxion.net/blog/2014/08/concatenate-multiple-streams-gaplessly-with-gstreamer/)[https://coaxion.net/blog/2014/08/concatenate-multiple-streams-gaplessly-with-gstreamer/]
### Jumping to a certain point in a video/audio (seek/rewind/restart)
As far as I know, this isn't possible on the command-line. But it is possible as code. Here is a simple Python example:
[/python_examples/seeking.py](/python_examples/seeking.py)