mirror of
https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/gstreamer/gstreamer.git
synced 2024-12-30 04:00:37 +00:00
499 lines
18 KiB
Markdown
499 lines
18 KiB
Markdown
---
|
|
short-description: Setting up a development environment the modern way
|
|
authors:
|
|
- name: Nirbheek Chauhan
|
|
email: nirbheek@centricular.com
|
|
years: [2021]
|
|
...
|
|
|
|
|
|
# Building from source using Cerbero
|
|
|
|
**If you just want to use GStreamer, please visit [the download page](https://gstreamer.freedesktop.org/download/).
|
|
We provide pre-built binaries for Windows, macOS, Android, and iOS**.
|
|
|
|
Cerbero is a cross-platform build aggregator for Open Source projects that
|
|
builds and creates native packages for different platforms, architectures and
|
|
distributions. It supports both native compilation and cross compilation and
|
|
can run on macOS, Linux, and Windows.
|
|
|
|
You should use Cerbero to build GStreamer if you:
|
|
|
|
1. Want to do GStreamer development for Android, iOS, or UWP, or
|
|
1. Have to build GStreamer packages for distribution or deployment, or
|
|
1. Need plugins with external dependencies without Meson ports
|
|
|
|
However, if you are a developer who wants to work on the GStreamer code itself
|
|
on Linux, Windows, or macOS, it is much more convenient to use gst-build.
|
|
Please refer to [Building using Meson](installing/building-from-source-using-meson.md).
|
|
|
|
## Minimum Requirements
|
|
|
|
Cerbero provides bootstrapping facilities for all platforms, but it still needs a
|
|
minimum base to bootstrap on top of.
|
|
|
|
### Linux Setup
|
|
|
|
On Linux, you will only need a distribution with python >= 3.6. Cerbero will
|
|
use your package manager to install all other required packages during
|
|
[bootstrap](#bootstrap-to-setup-environment).
|
|
|
|
### macOS Setup
|
|
|
|
On macOS you will need to have install the following software:
|
|
|
|
* XCode
|
|
* Python 3.6+ https://www.python.org/downloads/
|
|
|
|
Cerbero will build all other required packages during [bootstrap](#bootstrap-to-setup-environment).
|
|
|
|
### Windows Setup
|
|
|
|
The initial setup on Windows is somewhat longer since the required packages
|
|
must be installed manually. Detailed steps on what you need to install are
|
|
**[at the bottom of the page](#installing-minimum-requirements-on-windows)**.
|
|
|
|
## Download the sources
|
|
|
|
To build GStreamer using Cerbero, you first need to download **Cerbero**:
|
|
|
|
```sh
|
|
$ git clone https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/gstreamer/cerbero
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
This will build the latest unreleased GStreamer code.
|
|
|
|
Despite the presence of `setup.py` this tool does not need installation. It is
|
|
invoked via the `cerbero-uninstalled` script, which should be invoked as
|
|
`./cerbero-uninstalled`, or you can create an alias to it in your `.bashrc`
|
|
file.
|
|
|
|
You can build a specific release by checking out that tag, for example `git
|
|
checkout 1.18.4`. Building a release tag will cause Cerbero to use the release
|
|
tarballs instead of git repositories when fetching gstreamer recipes for
|
|
building.
|
|
|
|
You can also build the latest unreleased 'stable branch' code, for instance for
|
|
1.18 you'd do: `git checkout 1.18`, or `git clone -b 1.18 [...]`, which will
|
|
fetch the corresponding stable branches when building gstreamer recipes.
|
|
|
|
You can also use git worktrees, which may be more convenient when building
|
|
several different versions of gstreamer since the build artefacts always go
|
|
into the `build` directory inside the git repository.
|
|
|
|
## Bootstrap to setup environment
|
|
|
|
Before using cerbero for the first time, you will need to run the bootstrap
|
|
command. This command installs the missing parts of the build system using the
|
|
packages manager when available, and also downloads the necessary toolchains
|
|
when building for Windows/MinGW or Android.
|
|
|
|
Note that this will take a while (a couple hours or even more on Windows).
|
|
|
|
```sh
|
|
$ ./cerbero-uninstalled bootstrap
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
On Linux and macOS, this will use `sudo` to make changes to the system.
|
|
|
|
The bootstrap process will then install or build all packages required to build
|
|
GStreamer.
|
|
|
|
## Build GStreamer
|
|
|
|
To generate GStreamer binaries, use the following command:
|
|
|
|
```sh
|
|
$ ./cerbero-uninstalled package gstreamer-1.0
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
This will fetch and build all required GStreamer components and create packages
|
|
for your distribution, then place them in the Cerbero source directory.
|
|
|
|
A list of supported packages to build can be retrieved using:
|
|
|
|
```sh
|
|
$ ./cerbero-uninstalled list-packages
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Packages are composed of 0 (in case of a meta package) or more
|
|
components that can be built separately if desired. The components are
|
|
defined as individual recipes and can be listed with:
|
|
|
|
```sh
|
|
$ ./cerbero-uninstalled list
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
To build an individual recipe and its dependencies, do the following:
|
|
|
|
```sh
|
|
$ ./cerbero-uninstalled build <recipe_name>
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Or to build or force a rebuild of a recipe without building its
|
|
dependencies use:
|
|
|
|
```sh
|
|
$ ./cerbero-uninstalled buildone <recipe_name>
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
To wipe everything and start from scratch:
|
|
|
|
```sh
|
|
$ ./cerbero-uninstalled wipe
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Once built, the binaries built by all the recipes will be installed inside
|
|
a auto-detected prefix inside the `build` directory in the Cerbero source tree.
|
|
|
|
## Cross Compilation
|
|
|
|
If you're using Cerbero to cross-compile to iOS, Android, Cross-MinGW, or UWP,
|
|
you must select the appropriate config file and pass it to all steps:
|
|
bootstrap, build, package, etc.
|
|
|
|
For example if you're on Linux and you want to build for Android Universal, you
|
|
must run:
|
|
|
|
```sh
|
|
# Bootstrap for Android Universal on Linux
|
|
$ ./cerbero-uninstalled -c config/cross-android-universal.cbc bootstrap
|
|
|
|
# Build everything and package for Android Universal
|
|
$ ./cerbero-uninstalled -c config/cross-android-universal.cbc package gstreamer-1.0
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Here's a list of config files for each target machine:
|
|
|
|
#### Linux Targets
|
|
|
|
Target | Config file
|
|
:-----------------|:-----------
|
|
MinGW 32-bit | `cross-win32.cbc`
|
|
MinGW 64-bit | `cross-win64.cbc`
|
|
Android Universal | `cross-android-universal.cbc`
|
|
Android ARM64 | `cross-android-arm64.cbc`
|
|
Android ARMv7 | `cross-android-armv7.cbc`
|
|
Android x86 | `cross-android-x86.cbc`
|
|
Android x86_64 | `cross-android-x86-64.cbc`
|
|
|
|
#### macOS Targets
|
|
|
|
Target | Config file
|
|
:----------------------|:-----------
|
|
macOS System Framework | `osx-x86-64.cbc`
|
|
iOS Universal | `cross-ios-universal.cbc`
|
|
iOS ARM64 | `cross-ios-arm64.cbc`
|
|
iOS ARMv7 | `cross-ios-armv7.cbc`
|
|
iOS x86 | `cross-ios-x86.cbc`
|
|
iOS x86_64 | `cross-ios-x86-64.cbc`
|
|
|
|
#### Windows Targets
|
|
|
|
On Windows, config files are used to select the architecture and variants are
|
|
used to select the toolchain (MinGW, MSVC, UWP):
|
|
|
|
Target | Config file | Variant
|
|
:---------------|:--------------------------|:-------
|
|
MinGW x86 | `win32.cbc` |
|
|
MinGW x86_64 | `win64.cbc` |
|
|
MSVC x86 | `win32.cbc` | visualstudio
|
|
MSVC x86_64 | `win64.cbc` | visualstudio
|
|
UWP x86 | `win32.cbc` | uwp
|
|
UWP x86_64 | `win64.cbc` | uwp
|
|
UWP ARM64 | `cross-win-arm64.cbc` | uwp
|
|
UWP Universal | `cross-uwp-universal.cbc | (implicitly uwp)
|
|
|
|
Example usage:
|
|
|
|
```sh
|
|
# Target MinGW 32-bit
|
|
$ ./cerbero-uninstalled -c config/win32.cbc package gstreamer-1.0
|
|
|
|
# Target MSVC 64-bit
|
|
$ ./cerbero-uninstalled -c config/win64.cbc -v visualstudio package gstreamer-1.0
|
|
|
|
# Target UWP, x86_64
|
|
$ ./cerbero-uninstalled -c config/win64.cbc -v uwp package gstreamer-1.0
|
|
|
|
# Target UWP, Cross ARM64
|
|
$ ./cerbero-uninstalled -c config/cross-win-arm64.cbc -v uwp package gstreamer-1.0
|
|
|
|
# Target UWP, All Supported Arches
|
|
$ ./cerbero-uninstalled -c config/cross-uwp-universal.cbc package gstreamer-1.0
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
## Tips for CI setup
|
|
|
|
Cerbero can split its bootstrap and package commands into stages which can be
|
|
useful for CI setups. For example, you might want to do any system setup (such
|
|
as installing packages) and also fetch all sources to cache them when building
|
|
your CI image:
|
|
|
|
```sh
|
|
$ ./cerbero-uninstalled fetch-bootstrap
|
|
$ ./cerbero-uninstalled fetch-package gstreamer-1.0
|
|
# This will use "sudo"
|
|
$ ./cerbero-uninstalled bootstrap --system=yes --toolchains=no --build-tools=no --offline
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Then inside your CI job, you will not need root for the remaining steps:
|
|
|
|
```sh
|
|
$ ./cerbero-uninstalled bootstrap --system=no --toolchains=yes --build-tools=yes --offline
|
|
# When building a non-tagged commit, this will update the git repos for all gstreamer recipes
|
|
$ ./cerbero-uninstalled fetch-package gstreamer-1.0
|
|
$ ./cerbero-uninstalled package gstreamer-1.0 --offline
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
For more inspiration, see [GStreamer's GitLab CI setup](https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/gstreamer/gst-ci).
|
|
|
|
## Enabling Optional Features with Variants
|
|
|
|
Cerbero controls optional and platform-specific features with `variants`. You
|
|
can see a full list of available variants by running:
|
|
|
|
```sh
|
|
$ ./cerbero-uninstalled --list-variants
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Some variants are enabled by default while others are not. You can enable
|
|
a particular variant by doing one of the following:
|
|
|
|
* Either invoke `cerbero-uninstalled` with the `-v` argument, for example:
|
|
|
|
```sh
|
|
$ ./cerbero-uninstalled -v variantname [-c ...] package gstreamer-1.0
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
* Or, edit `~/.cerbero/cerbero.cbc` and add `variants = ['variantname']` at the
|
|
bottom. Create the file if it doesn't exist.
|
|
|
|
Multiple variants can either be separated by a comma or with multiple `-v`
|
|
arguments, for example the following are equivalent:
|
|
|
|
```sh
|
|
$ ./cerbero-uninstalled -v variantname1,variantname2 [-c ...] package gstreamer-1.0
|
|
$ ./cerbero-uninstalled -v variantname1 -v variantname2 [-c ...] package gstreamer-1.0
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
To explicitly disable a variant, use `novariantname` instead.
|
|
|
|
In the case of multiple enabling/disable of the same variant, then the last
|
|
condition on the command line will take effect. e.g. if novariantname is last
|
|
then variantname is disabled.
|
|
|
|
### Enabling Qt5 Support
|
|
|
|
Starting with version 1.15.2, Cerbero has built-in support for building the Qt5
|
|
QML GStreamer plugin. You can toggle that on by
|
|
[enabling the `qt5` variant](#enabling-optional-features-with-variants).
|
|
|
|
You must also tell Cerbero where your Qt5 installation prefix is. You can do it
|
|
by setting the `QMAKE` environment variable to point to the `qmake` that you
|
|
want to use, f.ex. `/path/to/Qt5.12.0/5.12.0/ios/bin/qmake`
|
|
|
|
When building for Android Universal with Qt < 5.14, instead of `QMAKE`, you
|
|
**must** set the `QT5_PREFIX` environment variable pointed to the directory
|
|
inside your prefix which contains all the android targets, f.ex.
|
|
`/path/to/Qt5.12.0/5.12.0`.
|
|
|
|
Next, run `package`:
|
|
|
|
```sh
|
|
$ export QMAKE='/path/to/Qt5.12.0/5.12.0/<target>/bin/qmake'
|
|
$ ./cerbero-uninstalled -v qt5 [-c ...] package gstreamer-1.0
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
This will try to build the Qt5 QML plugin and error out if Qt5 could not be
|
|
found or if the plugin could not be built. The plugin will be automatically
|
|
added to the package outputted.
|
|
|
|
**NOTE:** The package outputted will not contain a copy of the Qt5 libraries in
|
|
it. You must link to them while building your app yourself.
|
|
|
|
## Enabling Hardware Codec Support
|
|
|
|
Starting with version 1.15.2, Cerbero has built-in support for building and
|
|
packaging hardware codecs for Intel and Nvidia. If the appropriate variant is
|
|
enabled, the plugin will either be built or Cerbero will error out if that's
|
|
not possible.
|
|
|
|
### Intel Hardware Codecs
|
|
|
|
For Intel, the [variant to enable](#enabling-optional-features-with-variants)
|
|
is `intelmsdk` which will build the `msdk` plugin.
|
|
|
|
You must set the `INTELMEDIASDKROOT` env var to point to your [Intel Media
|
|
SDK](https://software.intel.com/en-us/media-sdk) prefix, or you must have the
|
|
SDK's pkgconfig prefix in `PKG_CONFIG_PATH`
|
|
|
|
On Windows, `INTELMEDIASDKROOT` automatically set by the installer. On Linux,
|
|
if you need to set this, you must set it to point to the directory that
|
|
contains the mediasdk `include` and `lib64` dirs.
|
|
|
|
For VA-API, the [variant to enable](#enabling-optional-features-with-variants)
|
|
is `vaapi` which will build the gstreamer-vaapi plugins with all
|
|
options enabled if possible.
|
|
|
|
### Nvidia Hardware Codecs
|
|
|
|
Since 1.17.1, the `nvcodec` plugin does not need access to the Nvidia Video SDK
|
|
or the CUDA SDK. It now loads everything at runtime. Hence, it is now enabled
|
|
by default on all platforms.
|
|
|
|
## Enabling Visual Studio Support
|
|
|
|
Starting with version 1.15.2, Cerbero supports building all GStreamer recipes,
|
|
all mandatory dependencies (such as glib, libffi, zlib, etc), and some external
|
|
dependencies with Visual Studio. You must explicitly opt-in to this by [enabling
|
|
the `visualstudio` variant](#enabling-optional-features-with-variants):
|
|
|
|
```sh
|
|
$ python ./cerbero-uninstalled -v visualstudio package gstreamer-1.0
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
If you already have a Cerbero build, it is highly recommended to run the `wipe`
|
|
command before switching to building with Visual Studio.
|
|
|
|
[Some plugins that require external dependencies will be automatically
|
|
disabled](https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/gstreamer/cerbero/issues/121) when
|
|
running in this mode.
|
|
|
|
Currently, most recipes that use Meson (`btype = BuildType.MESON`) and those
|
|
that have the `can_msvc` recipe property set to `True` are built with Visual
|
|
Studio.
|
|
|
|
## Installing Minimum Requirements on Windows
|
|
|
|
**IMPORTANT:** Using cerbero on Windows with the [GCC/MinGW
|
|
toolchain](https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/gstreamer/cerbero/-/blob/master/docs/toolchains.md#windows)
|
|
requires a 64-bit operating system. The toolchain is only available for 64-bit
|
|
and it can produce 32-bit or 64-bit binaries.
|
|
|
|
These steps are necessary for using Cerbero on Windows.
|
|
|
|
#### Install Python 3.6 or newer (either 32-bit or 64-bit)
|
|
|
|
Download the [Windows executable installer](https://www.python.org/downloads/)
|
|
and run it.
|
|
|
|
* On the first page of the installer, select the following:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* On the second page, the defaults are fine
|
|
|
|
* Third page, you must select the following options:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* Enabled or Install [.NET 3.5.1 Framework](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/framework/install/dotnet-35-windows-10)
|
|
|
|
* On Windows 10, remove the Windows Store path entry from the PATH variable in the system settings. Otherwise, Cerbero will try to use the dummy Windows Store version of Python
|
|
|
|
|
|
#### Install Git for Windows
|
|
|
|
Download the [Git for Windows installer](https://gitforwindows.org/) and run it.
|
|
|
|
* First page is the license
|
|
|
|
* Next page is `Select Components`, the defaults are fine, enable whatever else you prefer
|
|
|
|
* Next `Choosing the default editor used by Git`, select whatever you prefer
|
|
|
|
* Next `Adjusting your PATH environment`, you *must* select as shown in the screenshot
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* Next `Choosing HTTPS transport backend`, default is fine
|
|
|
|
* Next `Configuring the line ending conversions`, you *must* select as shown in the screenshot
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* Next `Configuring the terminal emulator`, default is fine
|
|
|
|
* Next `Configuring extra options`, defaults are fine
|
|
|
|
Git will be installed at `C:\Program Files\Git`.
|
|
|
|
#### Install MSYS/MinGW
|
|
|
|
Download the [`mingw-get-setup` executable installer](http://sourceforge.net/projects/mingw/files/Installer/mingw-get-setup.exe/download) and run it.
|
|
|
|
* First page, keep all the options as-is
|
|
|
|
* Second page will download the latest package catalogue and base packages
|
|
|
|
* Once done, the MinGW Installation Manager will open, select the following
|
|
packages under Basic Setup:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Then, click on the `Installation` menu and select `Apply Changes`. MSYS will be
|
|
installed at `C:\MinGW`.
|
|
|
|
**IMPORTANT:** After installation, you must create a shortcut on the desktop to
|
|
`C:\MinGW\msys\1.0\msys.bat` which will run the MinGW shell. **You must run
|
|
Cerbero from inside that**.
|
|
|
|
**NOTE**: Cerbero does not use the MinGW compiler toolchain shipped with MSYS.
|
|
We download our own custom [GCC toolchain](https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/gstreamer/cerbero/-/blob/master/docs/toolchains.md#gcc-mingw)
|
|
during [bootstrap](#bootstrap-to-setup-environment).
|
|
|
|
**NOTE**: MSYS is not the same as [MSYS2](https://www.msys2.org/), and the
|
|
GStreamer project does not support running Cerbero inside the MSYS2
|
|
environment. Things may work or they may break, and you get to keep the pieces.
|
|
|
|
#### Install Visual Studio 2015 or newer
|
|
|
|
This is needed for correctly generating import libraries for recipes built with
|
|
MinGW. Both the Community build and the Professional build are supported.
|
|
|
|
You must install the latest Windows 10 SDK when installing Visual Studio as
|
|
shown below. You do not need any older Windows SDKs.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
If you want to build for UWP (aka Universal Windows Platform), you have to use
|
|
VS 2017 or newer, and you must *also* select the Universal Windows Platform
|
|
workload:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
You can find all versions of Visual Studio at:
|
|
https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/vs/older-downloads/
|
|
|
|
#### Install other tools
|
|
|
|
* CMake: http://www.cmake.org/cmake/resources/software.html
|
|
|
|
* WiX 3.11.1 installer: https://github.com/wixtoolset/wix3/releases/tag/wix3111rtm
|
|
|
|
#### Important Windows-specific Notes
|
|
|
|
You should add the cerbero git directory to the list of excluded folders in your
|
|
anti-virus, or you will get random build failures when Autotools does file
|
|
operations such as renames and deletions. It will also slow your build by
|
|
about 3-4x.
|
|
|
|
Cerbero must be run in the MingGW shell, which is accessible from the main menu
|
|
or desktop. If it is not, create a shortcut on the desktop to `C:\MinGW\msys\1.0\msys.bat`
|
|
|
|
The path to your `$HOME` must not contain spaces. If your Windows username
|
|
contains spaces, you can create a new directory in `/home` and execute:
|
|
|
|
If you are using Windows 10, it is also highly recommended to enable "Developer
|
|
Mode" in Windows Settings as shown below.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```cmd
|
|
$ echo 'export HOME=/home/newdir' > ~/.profile
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Then restart your shell and type `cd` to go to the new home directory.
|
|
|
|
Note that inside the shell, `/` is mapped to `C:\Mingw\msys\1.0\`
|