3.5 KiB
Clocks
The GstClock returns a monotonically increasing time with the method
_get_time(). Its accuracy and base time depends on the specific clock
implementation but time is always expressed in nanoseconds. Since the
baseline of the clock is undefined, the clock time returned is not
meaningful in itself, what matters are the deltas between two clock
times. The time reported by the clock is called the absolute_time.
Clock Selection
To synchronize the different elements, the GstPipeline is responsible
for selecting and distributing a global GstClock for all the elements in
it.
This selection happens whenever the pipeline goes to PLAYING. Whenever
an element is added/removed from the pipeline, this selection will be
redone in the next state change to PLAYING. Adding an element that can
provide a clock will post a GST_MESSAGE_CLOCK_PROVIDE message on the
bus to inform parent bins of the fact that a clock recalculation is
needed.
When a clock is selected, a NEW_CLOCK message is posted on the bus
signaling the clock to the application.
When the element that provided the clock is removed from the pipeline, a
CLOCK_LOST message is posted. The application must then set the
pipeline to PAUSED and PLAYING again in order to let the pipeline select
a new clock and distribute a new base time.
The clock selection is performed as part of the state change from PAUSED to PLAYING and is described in states.
Clock features
The clock supports periodic and single shot clock notifications both synchronous and asynchronous.
One first needs to create a GstClockID for the periodic or single shot
notification using _clock_new_single_shot_id() or
_clock_new_periodic_id().
To perform a blocking wait for the specific time of the GstClockID use
the gst_clock_id_wait(). To receive a callback when the specific time
is reached in the clock use gstclock_id_wait_async(). Both these
calls can be interrupted with the gst_clock_id_unschedule() call. If
the blocking wait is unscheduled a value of GST_CLOCK_UNSCHEDULED is
returned.
The async callbacks can happen from any thread, either provided by the core or from a streaming thread. The application should be prepared for this.
A GstClockID that has been unscheduled cannot be used again for any wait
operation.
It is possible to perform a blocking wait on the same ID from multiple threads. However, registering the same ID for multiple async notifications is not possible, the callback will only be called once.
None of the wait operations unref the GstClockID, the owner is
responsible for unreffing the ids itself. This holds true for both
periodic and single shot notifications. The reason being that the owner
of the ClockID has to keep a handle to the ID to unblock the wait on
FLUSHING events or state changes and if we unref it automatically, the
handle might be invalid.
These clock operations do not operate on the stream time, so the callbacks will also occur when not in PLAYING state as if the clock just keeps on running. Some clocks however do not progress when the element that provided the clock is not PLAYING.
Clock implementations
The GStreamer core provides a GstSystemClock based on the system time.
Asynchronous callbacks are scheduled from an internal thread.
Clock implementers are encouraged to subclass this systemclock as it implements the async notification.
Subclasses can however override all of the important methods for sync and async notifications to implement their own callback methods or blocking wait operations.