mirror of
https://git.deuxfleurs.fr/Deuxfleurs/garage.git
synced 2024-12-23 07:36:45 +00:00
996f2a6d58
Co-authored-by: Alex Auvolat <alex@adnab.me> Reviewed-on: https://git.deuxfleurs.fr/Deuxfleurs/garage/pulls/333 Co-authored-by: Alex <alex@adnab.me> Co-committed-by: Alex <alex@adnab.me>
480 lines
13 KiB
TeX
480 lines
13 KiB
TeX
%\nonstopmode
|
|
\documentclass[aspectratio=169]{beamer}
|
|
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
|
|
% \usepackage[frenchb]{babel}
|
|
\usepackage{amsmath}
|
|
\usepackage{mathtools}
|
|
\usepackage{breqn}
|
|
\usepackage{multirow}
|
|
\usetheme{boxes}
|
|
\usepackage{graphicx}
|
|
\usepackage{adjustbox}
|
|
%\useoutertheme[footline=authortitle,subsection=false]{miniframes}
|
|
%\useoutertheme[footline=authorinstitute,subsection=false]{miniframes}
|
|
\useoutertheme{infolines}
|
|
\setbeamertemplate{headline}{}
|
|
|
|
\beamertemplatenavigationsymbolsempty
|
|
|
|
\definecolor{TitleOrange}{RGB}{255,137,0}
|
|
\setbeamercolor{title}{fg=TitleOrange}
|
|
\setbeamercolor{frametitle}{fg=TitleOrange}
|
|
|
|
\definecolor{ListOrange}{RGB}{255,145,5}
|
|
\setbeamertemplate{itemize item}{\color{ListOrange}$\blacktriangleright$}
|
|
|
|
\definecolor{verygrey}{RGB}{70,70,70}
|
|
\setbeamercolor{normal text}{fg=verygrey}
|
|
|
|
|
|
\usepackage{tabu}
|
|
\usepackage{multicol}
|
|
\usepackage{vwcol}
|
|
\usepackage{stmaryrd}
|
|
\usepackage{graphicx}
|
|
|
|
\usepackage[normalem]{ulem}
|
|
|
|
\title{Introducing Garage}
|
|
\subtitle{a new storage platform for self-hosted geo-distributed clusters}
|
|
\author{Deuxfleurs Association}
|
|
\date{IMT Atlantique, 2022-06-23}
|
|
|
|
\begin{document}
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}
|
|
\centering
|
|
\includegraphics[width=.3\linewidth]{../../sticker/Garage.pdf}
|
|
\vspace{1em}
|
|
|
|
{\large\bf Deuxfleurs Association}
|
|
\vspace{1em}
|
|
|
|
\url{https://garagehq.deuxfleurs.fr/}
|
|
|
|
Matrix channel: \texttt{\#garage:deuxfleurs.fr}
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}
|
|
\frametitle{Who we are}
|
|
\begin{columns}[t]
|
|
\begin{column}{.2\textwidth}
|
|
\centering
|
|
\adjincludegraphics[width=.4\linewidth, valign=t]{assets/alex.jpg}
|
|
\end{column}
|
|
\begin{column}{.6\textwidth}
|
|
\textbf{Alex Auvolat}\\
|
|
PhD at Inria, team WIDE; co-founder of Deuxfleurs
|
|
\end{column}
|
|
\begin{column}{.2\textwidth}
|
|
~
|
|
\end{column}
|
|
\end{columns}
|
|
\vspace{1em}
|
|
|
|
\begin{columns}[t]
|
|
\begin{column}{.2\textwidth}
|
|
~
|
|
\end{column}
|
|
\begin{column}{.6\textwidth}
|
|
\textbf{Quentin Dufour}\\
|
|
PhD at Inria, team WIDE; co-founder of Deuxfleurs
|
|
\end{column}
|
|
\begin{column}{.2\textwidth}
|
|
\centering
|
|
\adjincludegraphics[width=.5\linewidth, valign=t]{assets/quentin.jpg}
|
|
\end{column}
|
|
\end{columns}
|
|
\vspace{2em}
|
|
|
|
\begin{columns}[t]
|
|
\begin{column}{.2\textwidth}
|
|
\centering
|
|
\adjincludegraphics[width=.5\linewidth, valign=t]{assets/deuxfleurs.pdf}
|
|
\end{column}
|
|
\begin{column}{.6\textwidth}
|
|
\textbf{Deuxfleurs}\\
|
|
A non-profit self-hosting collective,\\
|
|
member of the CHATONS network
|
|
\end{column}
|
|
\begin{column}{.2\textwidth}
|
|
\centering
|
|
\adjincludegraphics[width=.7\linewidth, valign=t]{assets/logo_chatons.png}
|
|
\end{column}
|
|
\end{columns}
|
|
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}
|
|
\frametitle{Our objective at Deuxfleurs}
|
|
|
|
\begin{center}
|
|
\textbf{Promote self-hosting and small-scale hosting\\
|
|
as an alternative to large cloud providers}
|
|
\end{center}
|
|
\vspace{2em}
|
|
\visible<2->{
|
|
Why is it hard?
|
|
}
|
|
\visible<3->{
|
|
\vspace{2em}
|
|
\begin{center}
|
|
\textbf{\underline{Resilience}}\\
|
|
{\footnotesize (we want good uptime/availability with low supervision)}
|
|
\end{center}
|
|
}
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}
|
|
\frametitle{How to make a \underline{stable} system}
|
|
|
|
Enterprise-grade systems typically employ:
|
|
\vspace{1em}
|
|
\begin{itemize}
|
|
\item RAID
|
|
\item Redundant power grid + UPS
|
|
\item Redundant Internet connections
|
|
\item Low-latency links
|
|
\item ...
|
|
\end{itemize}
|
|
\vspace{1em}
|
|
$\to$ it's costly and only worth it at DC scale
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}
|
|
\frametitle{How to make a \underline{resilient} system}
|
|
|
|
\only<1,4-5>{
|
|
Instead, we use:
|
|
\vspace{1em}
|
|
\begin{itemize}
|
|
\item \textcolor<2->{gray}{Commodity hardware (e.g. old desktop PCs)}
|
|
\vspace{.5em}
|
|
\item<4-> \textcolor<5->{gray}{Commodity Internet (e.g. FTTB, FTTH) and power grid}
|
|
\vspace{.5em}
|
|
\item<5-> \textcolor<6->{gray}{\textbf{Geographical redundancy} (multi-site replication)}
|
|
\end{itemize}
|
|
}
|
|
\only<2>{
|
|
\begin{center}
|
|
\includegraphics[width=.8\linewidth]{assets/atuin.jpg}
|
|
\end{center}
|
|
}
|
|
\only<3>{
|
|
\begin{center}
|
|
\includegraphics[width=.8\linewidth]{assets/neptune.jpg}
|
|
\end{center}
|
|
}
|
|
\only<6>{
|
|
\begin{center}
|
|
\includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth]{assets/inframap.jpg}
|
|
\end{center}
|
|
}
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}
|
|
\frametitle{How to make this happen}
|
|
\begin{center}
|
|
\only<1>{\includegraphics[width=.8\linewidth]{assets/slide1.png}}%
|
|
\only<2>{\includegraphics[width=.8\linewidth]{assets/slide2.png}}%
|
|
\only<3>{\includegraphics[width=.8\linewidth]{assets/slide3.png}}%
|
|
\end{center}
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}
|
|
\frametitle{Distributed file systems are slow}
|
|
File systems are complex, for example:
|
|
\vspace{1em}
|
|
\begin{itemize}
|
|
\item Concurrent modification by several processes
|
|
\vspace{1em}
|
|
\item Folder hierarchies
|
|
\vspace{1em}
|
|
\item Other requirements of the POSIX spec
|
|
\end{itemize}
|
|
\vspace{1em}
|
|
Coordination in a distributed system is costly
|
|
|
|
\vspace{1em}
|
|
Costs explode with commodity hardware / Internet connections\\
|
|
{\small (we experienced this!)}
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}
|
|
\frametitle{A simpler solution: object storage}
|
|
Only two operations:
|
|
\vspace{1em}
|
|
\begin{itemize}
|
|
\item Put an object at a key
|
|
\vspace{1em}
|
|
\item Retrieve an object from its key
|
|
\end{itemize}
|
|
\vspace{1em}
|
|
{\footnotesize (and a few others)}
|
|
|
|
\vspace{1em}
|
|
Sufficient for many applications!
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}
|
|
\frametitle{A simpler solution: object storage}
|
|
\begin{center}
|
|
\includegraphics[width=.2\linewidth]{../2020-12-02_wide-team/img/Amazon-S3.jpg}
|
|
\hspace{5em}
|
|
\includegraphics[width=.2\linewidth]{assets/minio.png}
|
|
\end{center}
|
|
\vspace{1em}
|
|
S3: a de-facto standard, many compatible applications
|
|
|
|
\vspace{1em}
|
|
|
|
MinIO is self-hostable but not suited for geo-distributed deployments
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}
|
|
\frametitle{But what is Garage, exactly?}
|
|
\textbf{Garage is a self-hosted drop-in replacement for the Amazon S3 object store}\\
|
|
\vspace{.5em}
|
|
that implements resilience through geographical redundancy on commodity hardware
|
|
\begin{center}
|
|
\includegraphics[width=.8\linewidth]{assets/garageuses.png}
|
|
\end{center}
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}
|
|
\frametitle{Overview}
|
|
\begin{center}
|
|
\only<1>{\includegraphics[width=.45\linewidth]{assets/garage2a.drawio.pdf}}%
|
|
\only<2>{\includegraphics[width=.45\linewidth]{assets/garage2b.drawio.pdf}}%
|
|
\end{center}
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}
|
|
\frametitle{Garage is \emph{location-aware}}
|
|
\begin{center}
|
|
\includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{assets/location-aware.png}
|
|
\end{center}
|
|
\vspace{2em}
|
|
Garage replicates data on different zones when possible
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}
|
|
\frametitle{Garage is \emph{location-aware}}
|
|
\begin{center}
|
|
\includegraphics[width=.8\linewidth]{assets/map.png}
|
|
\end{center}
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}
|
|
\frametitle{How to spread files over different cluster nodes?}
|
|
\textbf{Consistent hashing (DynamoDB):}
|
|
\vspace{1em}
|
|
|
|
\begin{center}
|
|
\only<1>{\includegraphics[width=.45\columnwidth]{assets/consistent_hashing_1.pdf}}%
|
|
\only<2>{\includegraphics[width=.45\columnwidth]{assets/consistent_hashing_2.pdf}}%
|
|
\only<3>{\includegraphics[width=.45\columnwidth]{assets/consistent_hashing_3.pdf}}%
|
|
\only<4>{\includegraphics[width=.45\columnwidth]{assets/consistent_hashing_4.pdf}}%
|
|
\end{center}
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}
|
|
\frametitle{How to spread files over different cluster nodes?}
|
|
\textbf{Issues with consistent hashing:}
|
|
\vspace{1em}
|
|
\begin{itemize}
|
|
\item Doesn't dispatch data based on geographical location of nodes
|
|
\vspace{1em}
|
|
\item<2-> Geographically aware adaptation, try 1:\\
|
|
data quantities not well balanced between nodes
|
|
\vspace{1em}
|
|
\item<3-> Geographically aware adaptation, try 2:\\
|
|
too many reshuffles when adding/removing nodes
|
|
\end{itemize}
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}
|
|
\frametitle{How to spread files over different cluster nodes?}
|
|
\textbf{Garage's method: build an index table}
|
|
\vspace{1em}
|
|
|
|
Realization: we can actually precompute an optimal solution
|
|
\vspace{1em}
|
|
|
|
\visible<2->{
|
|
\begin{center}
|
|
\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|l|}
|
|
\hline
|
|
\textbf{Partition} & \textbf{Node 1} & \textbf{Node 2} & \textbf{Node 3} \\
|
|
\hline
|
|
\hline
|
|
Partition 0 & Io (jupiter) & Drosera (atuin) & Courgette (neptune) \\
|
|
\hline
|
|
Partition 1 & Datura (atuin) & Courgette (neptune) & Io (jupiter) \\
|
|
\hline
|
|
Partition 2 & Io(jupiter) & Celeri (neptune) & Drosera (atuin) \\
|
|
\hline
|
|
\hspace{1em}$\vdots$ & \hspace{1em}$\vdots$ & \hspace{1em}$\vdots$ & \hspace{1em}$\vdots$ \\
|
|
\hline
|
|
Partition 255 & Concombre (neptune) & Io (jupiter) & Drosera (atuin) \\
|
|
\hline
|
|
\end{tabular}
|
|
\end{center}
|
|
}
|
|
\vspace{1em}
|
|
\visible<3->{
|
|
The index table is built centrally using an optimal* algorithm,\\
|
|
then propagated to all nodes\\
|
|
\hfill\footnotesize *not yet optimal but will be soon
|
|
}
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}
|
|
\frametitle{Garage's internal data structures}
|
|
\centering
|
|
\includegraphics[width=.75\columnwidth]{assets/garage_tables.pdf}
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
%\begin{frame}
|
|
% \frametitle{Garage's architecture}
|
|
% \begin{center}
|
|
% \includegraphics[width=.35\linewidth]{assets/garage.drawio.pdf}
|
|
% \end{center}
|
|
%\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}
|
|
\frametitle{Garage is \emph{coordination-free}:}
|
|
\begin{itemize}
|
|
\item No Raft or Paxos
|
|
\vspace{1em}
|
|
\item Internal data types are CRDTs
|
|
\vspace{1em}
|
|
\item All nodes are equivalent (no master/leader/index node)
|
|
\end{itemize}
|
|
\vspace{2em}
|
|
$\to$ less sensitive to higher latencies between nodes
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}
|
|
\frametitle{Consistency model}
|
|
\begin{itemize}
|
|
\item Not ACID (not required by S3 spec) / not linearizable
|
|
\vspace{1em}
|
|
\item \textbf{Read-after-write consistency}\\
|
|
{\footnotesize (stronger than eventual consistency)}
|
|
\end{itemize}
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}
|
|
\frametitle{Impact on performances}
|
|
\begin{center}
|
|
\includegraphics[width=.8\linewidth]{assets/endpoint-latency-dc.png}
|
|
\end{center}
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}
|
|
\frametitle{An ever-increasing compatibility list}
|
|
\begin{center}
|
|
\includegraphics[width=.7\linewidth]{assets/compatibility.png}
|
|
\end{center}
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}
|
|
\frametitle{Further plans for Garage}
|
|
\begin{center}
|
|
\only<1>{\includegraphics[width=.8\linewidth]{assets/slideB1.png}}%
|
|
\only<2>{\includegraphics[width=.8\linewidth]{assets/slideB2.png}}%
|
|
\only<3>{\includegraphics[width=.8\linewidth]{assets/slideB3.png}}%
|
|
\end{center}
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}
|
|
\frametitle{K2V Design}
|
|
\begin{itemize}
|
|
\item A new, custom, minimal API
|
|
\vspace{1em}
|
|
\item<2-> Exposes the partitoning mechanism of Garage\\
|
|
K2V = partition key / sort key / value (like Dynamo)
|
|
\vspace{1em}
|
|
\item<3-> Coordination-free, CRDT-friendly (inspired by Riak)\\
|
|
\vspace{1em}
|
|
\item<4-> Cryptography-friendly: values are binary blobs
|
|
\end{itemize}
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}
|
|
\frametitle{Application: an e-mail storage server}
|
|
\begin{center}
|
|
\only<1>{\includegraphics[width=.9\linewidth]{assets/aerogramme.png}}%
|
|
\end{center}
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}
|
|
\frametitle{Aerogramme data model}
|
|
\begin{center}
|
|
\only<1>{\includegraphics[width=.4\linewidth]{assets/aerogramme_datatype.drawio.pdf}}%
|
|
\only<2->{\includegraphics[width=.9\linewidth]{assets/aerogramme_keys.drawio.pdf}\vspace{1em}}%
|
|
\end{center}
|
|
\visible<3->{Aerogramme encrypts all stored values for privacy\\
|
|
(Garage server administrators can't read your mail)}
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}
|
|
\frametitle{Different deployment scenarios}
|
|
\begin{center}
|
|
\only<1>{\includegraphics[width=.9\linewidth]{assets/aerogramme_components1.drawio.pdf}}%
|
|
\only<2>{\includegraphics[width=.9\linewidth]{assets/aerogramme_components2.drawio.pdf}}%
|
|
\end{center}
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}
|
|
\frametitle{A new model for building resilient software}
|
|
\begin{itemize}
|
|
\item Design a data model suited to K2V\\
|
|
{\footnotesize (see Cassandra docs on porting SQL data models to Cassandra)}
|
|
\vspace{1em}
|
|
\begin{itemize}
|
|
\item Use CRDTs or other eventually consistent data types (see e.g. Bayou)
|
|
\vspace{1em}
|
|
\item Store opaque binary blobs to provide End-to-End Encryption\\
|
|
\end{itemize}
|
|
\vspace{1em}
|
|
\item Store big blobs (files) in S3
|
|
\vspace{1em}
|
|
\item Let Garage manage sharding, replication, failover, etc.
|
|
\end{itemize}
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}
|
|
\frametitle{Research perspectives}
|
|
\begin{itemize}
|
|
\item Write about Garage's global architecture \emph{(paper in progress)}
|
|
\vspace{1em}
|
|
\item Measure and improve Garage's performances
|
|
\vspace{1em}
|
|
\item Discuss the optimal layout algorithm, provide proofs
|
|
\vspace{1em}
|
|
\item Write about our proposed architecture for (E2EE) apps over K2V+S3
|
|
\end{itemize}
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
\begin{frame}
|
|
\frametitle{Where to find us}
|
|
\begin{center}
|
|
\includegraphics[width=.25\linewidth]{../../logo/garage_hires.png}\\
|
|
\vspace{-1em}
|
|
\url{https://garagehq.deuxfleurs.fr/}\\
|
|
\url{mailto:garagehq@deuxfleurs.fr}\\
|
|
\texttt{\#garage:deuxfleurs.fr} on Matrix
|
|
|
|
\vspace{1.5em}
|
|
\includegraphics[width=.06\linewidth]{assets/rust_logo.png}
|
|
\includegraphics[width=.13\linewidth]{assets/AGPLv3_Logo.png}
|
|
\end{center}
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|
|
|
\end{document}
|
|
|
|
%% vim: set ts=4 sw=4 tw=0 noet spelllang=en :
|