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Documentation fixes (typo and small reorganization)
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Alex Auvolat
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5 changed files with 97 additions and 55 deletions
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@ -12,16 +12,19 @@ parameters:
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- An **API access key** and its associated **secret key**. These usually look something
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like this: `GK3515373e4c851ebaad366558` (access key),
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`7d37d093435a41f2aab8f13c19ba067d9776c90215f56614adad6ece597dbb34` (secret key).
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These keys are created and managed using the `garage` CLI, as explained in the
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[quick start](../quick_start/index.md) guide.
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Most S3 clients can be configured easily, provided that you follow the following guidelines:
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Most S3 clients can be configured easily with these parameters,
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provided that you follow the following guidelines:
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- **Force path style:** Garage does not support DNS-style buckets, which are now by default
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on Amazon S3. Instead, Garage uses the legacy path-style bucket addressing.
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Remember to configure your client to acknowledge this fact.
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- **Configuring the S3 region:** Garage requires your client to talk to the correct "S3 region",
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which is set in the configuration file. This is often set just to `garage`. Remember to
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configure your client correctly for this as otherwise it will talk to `us-east-1`.
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which is set in the configuration file. This is often set just to `garage`.
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If this is not configured explicitly, clients usually try to talk to region `us-east-1`.
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Garage should normally redirect your client to the correct region,
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but in case your client does not support this you might have to configure it manually.
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@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ Similarly, Garage's cookbook contains a collection of recipes that are known to
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This chapter could also be referred as "Tutorials" or "Best practices".
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- **[Deploying Garage](real_world.md):** This page will walk you through all of the necessary
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steps to deploy Garaage in a real-world setting.
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steps to deploy Garage in a real-world setting.
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- **[Configuring S3 clients](clients.md):** This page will explain how to configure
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popular S3 clients to interact with a Garage server.
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@ -2,11 +2,46 @@
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To run Garage in cluster mode, we recommend having at least 3 nodes.
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This will allow you to setup Garage for three-way replication of your data,
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the safest and most available mode avaialble.
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the safest and most available mode proposed by Garage.
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We recommend first following the [quick start guide](../quick_start/index.md) in order
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to get familiar with Garage's command line and usage patterns.
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## Prerequisites
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To run a real-world deployment, make sure you the following conditions are met:
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- You have at least three machines with sufficient storage space available.
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- Each machine has a public IP address which is reachable by other machines.
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Running behind a NAT is possible, but having several Garage nodes behind a single NAT
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is slightly more involved as each will have to have a different RPC port number
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(the local port number of a node must be the same as the port number exposed publicly
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by the NAT).
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- Ideally, each machine should have a SSD available in addition to the HDD you are dedicating
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to Garage. This will allow for faster access to metadata and has the potential
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to drastically reduce Garage's response times.
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- This guide will assume you are using Docker containers to deploy Garage on each node.
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Garage can also be run independently, for instance as a [Systemd service](systemd.md).
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You can also use an orchestrator such as Nomad or Kubernetes to automatically manage
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Docker containers on a fleet of nodes.
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Before deploying Garage on your infrastructure, you must inventory your machines.
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For our example, we will suppose the following infrastructure with IPv6 connectivity:
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| Location | Name | IP Address | Disk Space |
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|----------|---------|------------|------------|
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| Paris | Mercury | fc00:1::1 | 1 To |
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| Paris | Venus | fc00:1::2 | 2 To |
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| London | Earth | fc00:B::1 | 2 To |
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| Brussels | Mars | fc00:F::1 | 1.5 To |
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## Get a Docker image
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Our docker image is currently named `lxpz/garage_amd64` and is stored on the [Docker Hub](https://hub.docker.com/r/lxpz/garage_amd64/tags?page=1&ordering=last_updated).
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@ -35,43 +70,26 @@ chmod +x genkeys.sh
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```
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It will creates a folder named `pki/` containing the keys that you will used for the cluster.
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These files will have to be copied to all of your cluster nodes, as explained below.
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## Deploying and configuring Garage
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To run a real-world deployment, make sure you the following conditions are met:
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- You have at least three machines with sufficient storage space available
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- Each machine has a public IP address which is reachable by other machines.
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Running behind a NAT is possible, but having several Garage nodes behind a single NAT
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is slightly more involved as each will have to have a different RPC port number
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(the local port number of a node must be the same as the port number exposed publicly
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by the NAT).
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- Ideally, each machine should have a SSD available in addition to the HDD you are dedicating
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to Garage. This will allow for faster access to metadata and has the potential
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to drastically reduce Garage's response times.
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Before deploying garage on your infrastructure, you must inventory your machines.
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For our example, we will suppose the following infrastructure with IPv6 connectivity:
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| Location | Name | IP Address | Disk Space |
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|----------|---------|------------|------------|
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| Paris | Mercury | fc00:1::1 | 1 To |
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| Paris | Venus | fc00:1::2 | 2 To |
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| London | Earth | fc00:B::1 | 2 To |
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| Brussels | Mars | fc00:F::1 | 1.5 To |
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On each machine, we will have a similar setup,
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especially you must consider the following folders/files:
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- `/etc/garage/garage.toml`: Garage daemon's configuration (see below)
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- `/etc/garage/pki/`: Folder containing Garage certificates, must be generated on your computer and copied on the servers
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- `/var/lib/garage/meta/`: Folder containing Garage's metadata, put this folder on a SSD if possible
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- `/var/lib/garage/data/`: Folder containing Garage's data, this folder will grows and must be on a large storage, possibly big HDDs.
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- `/etc/systemd/system/garage.service`: Service file to start garage at boot automatically (defined below, not required if you use docker)
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- `/etc/garage/garage.toml`: Garage daemon's configuration (see below)
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- `/etc/garage/pki/`: Folder containing Garage certificates,
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must be generated on your computer and copied on the servers.
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Only the files `garage-ca.crt`, `garage.crt` and `garage.key` are necessary.
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- `/var/lib/garage/meta/`: Folder containing Garage's metadata,
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put this folder on a SSD if possible
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- `/var/lib/garage/data/`: Folder containing Garage's data,
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this folder will be your main data storage and must be on a large storage (e.g. large HDD)
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A valid `/etc/garage/garage.toml` for our cluster would be:
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@ -128,14 +146,14 @@ docker run \
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lxpz/garage_amd64:v0.3.0
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```
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It should be restart automatically at each reboot.
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It should be restarted automatically at each reboot.
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Please note that we use host networking as otherwise Docker containers
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can not communicate with IPv6.
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Upgrading between Garage versions should be supported transparently,
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but please check the relase notes before doing so!
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To upgrade, simply stop and remove this container and
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start again the command with a new version of garage.
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start again the command with a new version of Garage.
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## Controling the daemon
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@ -166,7 +184,7 @@ You will now have a shell where the Garage binary is available as `/garage/garag
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-h, --rpc-host <rpc-host>
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```
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The 3 first ones are certificates and keys needed by TLS, the last one is simply the address of garage's RPC endpoint.
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The 3 first ones are certificates and keys needed by TLS, the last one is simply the address of Garage's RPC endpoint.
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If you are invoking `garage` from a server node directly, you do not need to set `--rpc-host`
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as the default value `127.0.0.1:3901` will allow it to contact Garage correctly.
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@ -196,18 +214,19 @@ You should get something like that as result:
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```
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Healthy nodes:
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2a638ed6c775b69a… 37f0ba978d27 [::ffff:172.20.0.101]:3901 UNCONFIGURED/REMOVED
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68143d720f20c89d… 9795a2f7abb5 [::ffff:172.20.0.103]:3901 UNCONFIGURED/REMOVED
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8781c50c410a41b3… 758338dde686 [::ffff:172.20.0.102]:3901 UNCONFIGURED/REMOVED
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8781c50c410a41b3… Mercury [fc00:1::1]:3901 UNCONFIGURED/REMOVED
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2a638ed6c775b69a… Venus [fc00:1::2]:3901 UNCONFIGURED/REMOVED
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68143d720f20c89d… Earth [fc00:B::1]:3901 UNCONFIGURED/REMOVED
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212f7572f0c89da9… Mars [fc00:F::1]:3901 UNCONFIGURED/REMOVED
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```
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## Configuring a cluster
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We will now inform garage of the disk space available on each node of the cluster
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We will now inform Garage of the disk space available on each node of the cluster
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as well as the zone (e.g. datacenter) in which each machine is located.
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For our example, we will suppose we have the following infrastructure (Capacity, Identifier and Datacenter are specific values to garage described in the following):
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For our example, we will suppose we have the following infrastructure (Capacity, Identifier and Datacenter are specific values to Garage described in the following):
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| Location | Name | Disk Space | `Capacity` | `Identifier` | `Zone` |
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|----------|---------|------------|------------|--------------|--------------|
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@ -218,7 +237,7 @@ For our example, we will suppose we have the following infrastructure (Capacity,
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#### Node identifiers
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After its first launch, garage generates a random and unique identifier for each nodes, such as:
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After its first launch, Garage generates a random and unique identifier for each nodes, such as:
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```
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8781c50c410a41b363167e9d49cc468b6b9e4449b6577b64f15a249a149bdcbc
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@ -233,12 +252,13 @@ The most simple way to match an identifier to a node is to run:
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garagectl status
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```
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It will display the IP address associated with each node; from the IP address you will be able to recognize the node.
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It will display the IP address associated with each node;
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from the IP address you will be able to recognize the node.
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#### Zones
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Zones are simply a user-chosen identifier that identify a group of server that are grouped together logically.
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It is up to the system administrator deploying garage to identify what does "grouped together" means.
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It is up to the system administrator deploying Garage to identify what does "grouped together" means.
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In most cases, a zone will correspond to a geographical location (i.e. a datacenter).
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Behind the scene, Garage will use zone definition to try to store the same data on different zones,
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@ -246,13 +266,15 @@ in order to provide high availability despite failure of a zone.
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#### Capacity
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Garage reasons on an arbitrary metric about disk storage that is named the *capacity* of a node.
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Garage reasons on an abstract metric about disk storage that is named the *capacity* of a node.
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The capacity configured in Garage must be proportional to the disk space dedicated to the node.
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Additionaly, the capacity values used in Garage should be as small as possible, with
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1 ideally representing the size of your smallest server.
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Due to the way the Garage allocation algorithm works, capacity values must
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be **integers**, and must be **as small as possible**, for instance with
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1 representing the size of your smallest server.
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Here we chose that 1 unit of capacity = 0.5 To, so that we can express servers of size
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1 To and 2 To, as wel as the intermediate size 1.5 To.
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1 To and 2 To, as wel as the intermediate size 1.5 To, with the integer values 2, 4 and
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3 respectively (see table above).
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Note that the amount of data stored by Garage on each server may not be strictly proportional to
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its capacity value, as Garage will priorize having 3 copies of data in different zones,
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@ -270,3 +292,14 @@ garagectl node configure -z par1 -c 4 -t venus 2a638e
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garagectl node configure -z lon1 -c 4 -t earth 68143d
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garagectl node configure -z bru1 -c 3 -t mars 212f75
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```
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## Using your Garage cluster
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Creating buckets and managing keys is done using the `garagectl` CLI,
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and is covered in the [quick start guide](../quick_start/index.md).
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Remember also that the CLI is self-documented thanks to the `--help` flag and
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the `help` subcommand (e.g. `garage help`, `garage key --help`).
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Configuring an S3 client to interact with Garage is covered
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[in the next section](clients.md).
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@ -6,14 +6,18 @@ Fear not! For Garage is fully equipped to handle drive failures, in most common
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## A note on availability of Garage
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With nodes dispersed in 3 datacenters or more, here are the guarantees Garage provides with the default replication strategy (3 copies of all data, which is the recommended value):
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With nodes dispersed in 3 zones or more, here are the guarantees Garage provides with the 3-way replication strategy (3 copies of all data, which is the recommended replication mode):
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- The cluster remains fully functional as long as the machines that fail are in only one datacenter. This includes a whole datacenter going down due to power/Internet outage.
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- No data is lost as long as the machines that fail are in at most two datacenters.
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- The cluster remains fully functional as long as the machines that fail are in only one zone. This includes a whole zone going down due to power/Internet outage.
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- No data is lost as long as the machines that fail are in at most two zones.
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Of course this only works if your Garage nodes are correctly configured to be aware of the datacenter in which they are located.
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Of course this only works if your Garage nodes are correctly configured to be aware of the zone in which they are located.
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Make sure this is the case using `garage status` to check on the state of your cluster's configuration.
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In case of temporarily disconnected nodes, Garage should automatically re-synchronize
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when the nodes come back up. This guide will deal with recovering from disk failures
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that caused the loss of the data of a node.
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## First option: removing a node
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@ -40,7 +40,9 @@ replication_mode = "none"
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rpc_bind_addr = "[::]:3901"
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bootstrap_peers = []
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bootstrap_peers = [
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"127.0.0.1:3901",
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]
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[s3_api]
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s3_region = "garage"
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