gstreamer/subprojects/gst-plugins-bad/gst/rtmp2/gstrtmp2sink.c

/* GStreamer
 * Copyright (C) 2014 David Schleef <ds@schleef.org>
 * Copyright (C) 2017 Make.TV, Inc. <info@make.tv>
 *   Contact: Jan Alexander Steffens (heftig) <jsteffens@make.tv>
 *
 * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Library General Public
 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
 * version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 * Library General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Library General Public
 * License along with this library; if not, write to the
 * Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Suite 500,
 * Boston, MA 02110-1335, USA.
 */
/**
 * SECTION:element-rtmp2sink
 *
 * The rtmp2sink element sends audio and video streams to an RTMP
 * server.
 *
 * <refsect2>
 * <title>Example launch line</title>
 * |[
 * gst-launch -v videotestsrc ! x264enc ! flvmux ! rtmp2sink
 *     location=rtmp://server.example.com/live/myStream
 * ]|
 * FIXME Describe what the pipeline does.
 * </refsect2>
 */

#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include "config.h"
#endif

#include "gstrtmp2elements.h"
#include "gstrtmp2sink.h"

#include "gstrtmp2locationhandler.h"
#include "rtmp/amf.h"
#include "rtmp/rtmpclient.h"
#include "rtmp/rtmpmessage.h"
#include "rtmp/rtmputils.h"

#include <gst/gst.h>
#include <gst/base/gstbasesink.h>
#include <gio/gnetworking.h>
#include <string.h>

GST_DEBUG_CATEGORY_STATIC (gst_rtmp2_sink_debug_category);
#define GST_CAT_DEFAULT gst_rtmp2_sink_debug_category

/* prototypes */
#define GST_RTMP2_SINK(obj)   (G_TYPE_CHECK_INSTANCE_CAST((obj),GST_TYPE_RTMP2_SINK,GstRtmp2Sink))
#define GST_IS_RTMP2_SINK(obj)   (G_TYPE_CHECK_INSTANCE_TYPE((obj),GST_TYPE_RTMP2_SINK))

typedef struct
{
  GstBaseSink parent_instance;

  /* properties */
  GstRtmpLocation location;
  gboolean async_connect;
  guint peak_kbps;
  guint32 chunk_size;
  GstRtmpStopCommands stop_commands;
  GstStructure *stats;

  /* If both self->lock and OBJECT_LOCK are needed,
   * self->lock must be taken first */
  GMutex lock;
  GCond cond;

  gboolean running, flushing;

  GstTask *task;
  GRecMutex task_lock;

  GMainLoop *loop;
  GMainContext *context;

  GCancellable *cancellable;
  GstRtmpConnection *connection;
  guint32 stream_id;

  GPtrArray *headers;
  guint64 last_ts, base_ts;     /* timestamp fixup */
} GstRtmp2Sink;

typedef struct
{
  GstBaseSinkClass parent_class;
} GstRtmp2SinkClass;

/* GObject virtual functions */
static void gst_rtmp2_sink_set_property (GObject * object,
    guint property_id, const GValue * value, GParamSpec * pspec);
static void gst_rtmp2_sink_get_property (GObject * object,
    guint property_id, GValue * value, GParamSpec * pspec);
static void gst_rtmp2_sink_finalize (GObject * object);
static void gst_rtmp2_sink_uri_handler_init (GstURIHandlerInterface * iface);

/* GstBaseSink virtual functions */
static gboolean gst_rtmp2_sink_start (GstBaseSink * sink);
static gboolean gst_rtmp2_sink_stop (GstBaseSink * sink);
static gboolean gst_rtmp2_sink_event (GstBaseSink * sink, GstEvent * event);
static gboolean gst_rtmp2_sink_unlock (GstBaseSink * sink);
static gboolean gst_rtmp2_sink_unlock_stop (GstBaseSink * sink);
static GstFlowReturn gst_rtmp2_sink_render (GstBaseSink * sink,
    GstBuffer * buffer);
static gboolean gst_rtmp2_sink_set_caps (GstBaseSink * sink, GstCaps * caps);

/* Internal API */
static void gst_rtmp2_sink_task_func (gpointer user_data);

static void client_connect_done (GObject * source, GAsyncResult * result,
    gpointer user_data);
static void start_publish_done (GObject * source, GAsyncResult * result,
    gpointer user_data);
static void connect_task_done (GObject * object, GAsyncResult * result,
    gpointer user_data);

static void set_pacing_rate (GstRtmp2Sink * self);
static void set_chunk_size (GstRtmp2Sink * self);

static GstStructure *gst_rtmp2_sink_get_stats (GstRtmp2Sink * self);

enum
{
  PROP_0,
  PROP_LOCATION,
  PROP_SCHEME,
  PROP_HOST,
  PROP_PORT,
  PROP_APPLICATION,
  PROP_STREAM,
  PROP_SECURE_TOKEN,
  PROP_USERNAME,
  PROP_PASSWORD,
  PROP_AUTHMOD,
  PROP_TIMEOUT,
  PROP_TLS_VALIDATION_FLAGS,
  PROP_FLASH_VERSION,
  PROP_ASYNC_CONNECT,
  PROP_PEAK_KBPS,
  PROP_CHUNK_SIZE,
  PROP_STATS,
  PROP_STOP_COMMANDS,
};

/* pad templates */

static GstStaticPadTemplate gst_rtmp2_sink_sink_template =
GST_STATIC_PAD_TEMPLATE ("sink",
    GST_PAD_SINK,
    GST_PAD_ALWAYS,
    GST_STATIC_CAPS ("video/x-flv")
    );

/* class initialization */

G_DEFINE_TYPE_WITH_CODE (GstRtmp2Sink, gst_rtmp2_sink, GST_TYPE_BASE_SINK,
    G_IMPLEMENT_INTERFACE (GST_TYPE_URI_HANDLER,
        gst_rtmp2_sink_uri_handler_init);
    G_IMPLEMENT_INTERFACE (GST_TYPE_RTMP_LOCATION_HANDLER, NULL));
GST_ELEMENT_REGISTER_DEFINE_WITH_CODE (rtmp2sink, "rtmp2sink",
    GST_RANK_PRIMARY + 1, GST_TYPE_RTMP2_SINK, rtmp2_element_init (plugin));

static void
gst_rtmp2_sink_class_init (GstRtmp2SinkClass * klass)
{
  GObjectClass *gobject_class = G_OBJECT_CLASS (klass);
  GstBaseSinkClass *base_sink_class = GST_BASE_SINK_CLASS (klass);

  gst_element_class_add_static_pad_template (GST_ELEMENT_CLASS (klass),
      &gst_rtmp2_sink_sink_template);

  gst_element_class_set_static_metadata (GST_ELEMENT_CLASS (klass),
      "RTMP sink element", "Sink", "Sink element for RTMP streams",
      "Make.TV, Inc. <info@make.tv>");

  gobject_class->set_property = gst_rtmp2_sink_set_property;
  gobject_class->get_property = gst_rtmp2_sink_get_property;
  gobject_class->finalize = gst_rtmp2_sink_finalize;
  base_sink_class->start = GST_DEBUG_FUNCPTR (gst_rtmp2_sink_start);
  base_sink_class->stop = GST_DEBUG_FUNCPTR (gst_rtmp2_sink_stop);
  base_sink_class->event = GST_DEBUG_FUNCPTR (gst_rtmp2_sink_event);
  base_sink_class->unlock = GST_DEBUG_FUNCPTR (gst_rtmp2_sink_unlock);
  base_sink_class->unlock_stop = GST_DEBUG_FUNCPTR (gst_rtmp2_sink_unlock_stop);
  base_sink_class->render = GST_DEBUG_FUNCPTR (gst_rtmp2_sink_render);
  base_sink_class->set_caps = GST_DEBUG_FUNCPTR (gst_rtmp2_sink_set_caps);

  g_object_class_override_property (gobject_class, PROP_LOCATION, "location");
  g_object_class_override_property (gobject_class, PROP_SCHEME, "scheme");
  g_object_class_override_property (gobject_class, PROP_HOST, "host");
  g_object_class_override_property (gobject_class, PROP_PORT, "port");
  g_object_class_override_property (gobject_class, PROP_APPLICATION,
      "application");
  g_object_class_override_property (gobject_class, PROP_STREAM, "stream");
  g_object_class_override_property (gobject_class, PROP_SECURE_TOKEN,
      "secure-token");
  g_object_class_override_property (gobject_class, PROP_USERNAME, "username");
  g_object_class_override_property (gobject_class, PROP_PASSWORD, "password");
  g_object_class_override_property (gobject_class, PROP_AUTHMOD, "authmod");
  g_object_class_override_property (gobject_class, PROP_TIMEOUT, "timeout");
  g_object_class_override_property (gobject_class, PROP_TLS_VALIDATION_FLAGS,
      "tls-validation-flags");
  g_object_class_override_property (gobject_class, PROP_FLASH_VERSION,
      "flash-version");

  g_object_class_install_property (gobject_class, PROP_ASYNC_CONNECT,
      g_param_spec_boolean ("async-connect", "Async connect",
          "Connect on READY, otherwise on first push", TRUE,
          G_PARAM_READWRITE | G_PARAM_STATIC_STRINGS));

  g_object_class_install_property (gobject_class, PROP_PEAK_KBPS,
      g_param_spec_uint ("peak-kbps", "Peak bitrate",
          "Bitrate in kbit/sec to pace outgoing packets", 0, G_MAXINT / 125, 0,
          G_PARAM_READWRITE | G_PARAM_STATIC_STRINGS |
          GST_PARAM_MUTABLE_PLAYING));

  g_object_class_install_property (gobject_class, PROP_CHUNK_SIZE,
      g_param_spec_uint ("chunk-size", "Chunk size", "RTMP chunk size",
          GST_RTMP_MINIMUM_CHUNK_SIZE, GST_RTMP_MAXIMUM_CHUNK_SIZE,
          GST_RTMP_DEFAULT_CHUNK_SIZE, G_PARAM_READWRITE |
          G_PARAM_STATIC_STRINGS | GST_PARAM_MUTABLE_PLAYING));

  g_object_class_install_property (gobject_class, PROP_STATS,
      g_param_spec_boxed ("stats", "Stats", "Retrieve a statistics structure",
          GST_TYPE_STRUCTURE, G_PARAM_READABLE | G_PARAM_STATIC_STRINGS));

  /**
   * GstRtmp2Sink:stop-commands:
   *
   * Which commands (if any) to send on EOS event before closing connection
   *
   * Since: 1.20
   */
  g_object_class_install_property (gobject_class, PROP_STOP_COMMANDS,
      g_param_spec_flags ("stop-commands", "Stop commands",
          "RTMP commands to send on EOS event before closing connection",
          GST_TYPE_RTMP_STOP_COMMANDS, GST_RTMP_DEFAULT_STOP_COMMANDS,
          (GParamFlags) (G_PARAM_READWRITE | G_PARAM_STATIC_STRINGS)));

  gst_type_mark_as_plugin_api (GST_TYPE_RTMP_LOCATION_HANDLER, 0);
  GST_DEBUG_CATEGORY_INIT (gst_rtmp2_sink_debug_category, "rtmp2sink", 0,
      "debug category for rtmp2sink element");
}

static void
gst_rtmp2_sink_init (GstRtmp2Sink * self)
{
  self->location.flash_ver = g_strdup ("FMLE/3.0 (compatible; FMSc/1.0)");
  self->location.publish = TRUE;
  self->async_connect = TRUE;
  self->chunk_size = GST_RTMP_DEFAULT_CHUNK_SIZE;
  self->stop_commands = GST_RTMP_DEFAULT_STOP_COMMANDS;

  g_mutex_init (&self->lock);
  g_cond_init (&self->cond);

  self->task = gst_task_new (gst_rtmp2_sink_task_func, self, NULL);
  g_rec_mutex_init (&self->task_lock);
  gst_task_set_lock (self->task, &self->task_lock);

  self->headers = g_ptr_array_new_with_free_func
      ((GDestroyNotify) gst_mini_object_unref);
}

static void
gst_rtmp2_sink_uri_handler_init (GstURIHandlerInterface * iface)
{
  gst_rtmp_location_handler_implement_uri_handler (iface, GST_URI_SINK);
}

static void
gst_rtmp2_sink_set_property (GObject * object, guint property_id,
    const GValue * value, GParamSpec * pspec)
{
  GstRtmp2Sink *self = GST_RTMP2_SINK (object);

  switch (property_id) {
    case PROP_LOCATION:
      gst_rtmp_location_handler_set_uri (GST_RTMP_LOCATION_HANDLER (self),
          g_value_get_string (value));
      break;
    case PROP_SCHEME:
      GST_OBJECT_LOCK (self);
      self->location.scheme = g_value_get_enum (value);
      GST_OBJECT_UNLOCK (self);
      break;
    case PROP_HOST:
      GST_OBJECT_LOCK (self);
      g_free (self->location.host);
      self->location.host = g_value_dup_string (value);
      GST_OBJECT_UNLOCK (self);
      break;
    case PROP_PORT:
      GST_OBJECT_LOCK (self);
      self->location.port = g_value_get_int (value);
      GST_OBJECT_UNLOCK (self);
      break;
    case PROP_APPLICATION:
      GST_OBJECT_LOCK (self);
      g_free (self->location.application);
      self->location.application = g_value_dup_string (value);
      GST_OBJECT_UNLOCK (self);
      break;
    case PROP_STREAM:
      GST_OBJECT_LOCK (self);
      g_free (self->location.stream);
      self->location.stream = g_value_dup_string (value);
      GST_OBJECT_UNLOCK (self);
      break;
    case PROP_SECURE_TOKEN:
      GST_OBJECT_LOCK (self);
      g_free (self->location.secure_token);
      self->location.secure_token = g_value_dup_string (value);
      GST_OBJECT_UNLOCK (self);
      break;
    case PROP_USERNAME:
      GST_OBJECT_LOCK (self);
      g_free (self->location.username);
      self->location.username = g_value_dup_string (value);
      GST_OBJECT_UNLOCK (self);
      break;
    case PROP_PASSWORD:
      GST_OBJECT_LOCK (self);
      g_free (self->location.password);
      self->location.password = g_value_dup_string (value);
      GST_OBJECT_UNLOCK (self);
      break;
    case PROP_AUTHMOD:
      GST_OBJECT_LOCK (self);
      self->location.authmod = g_value_get_enum (value);
      GST_OBJECT_UNLOCK (self);
      break;
    case PROP_TIMEOUT:
      GST_OBJECT_LOCK (self);
      self->location.timeout = g_value_get_uint (value);
      GST_OBJECT_UNLOCK (self);
      break;
    case PROP_TLS_VALIDATION_FLAGS:
      GST_OBJECT_LOCK (self);
      self->location.tls_flags = g_value_get_flags (value);
      GST_OBJECT_UNLOCK (self);
      break;
    case PROP_FLASH_VERSION:
      GST_OBJECT_LOCK (self);
      g_free (self->location.flash_ver);
      self->location.flash_ver = g_value_dup_string (value);
      GST_OBJECT_UNLOCK (self);
      break;
    case PROP_ASYNC_CONNECT:
      GST_OBJECT_LOCK (self);
      self->async_connect = g_value_get_boolean (value);
      GST_OBJECT_UNLOCK (self);
      break;
    case PROP_PEAK_KBPS:
      g_mutex_lock (&self->lock);

      GST_OBJECT_LOCK (self);
      self->peak_kbps = g_value_get_uint (value);
      GST_OBJECT_UNLOCK (self);

      set_pacing_rate (self);
      g_mutex_unlock (&self->lock);
      break;
    case PROP_CHUNK_SIZE:
      g_mutex_lock (&self->lock);

      GST_OBJECT_LOCK (self);
      self->chunk_size = g_value_get_uint (value);
      GST_OBJECT_UNLOCK (self);

      set_chunk_size (self);
      g_mutex_unlock (&self->lock);
      break;
    case PROP_STOP_COMMANDS:
      GST_OBJECT_LOCK (self);
      self->stop_commands = g_value_get_flags (value);
      GST_OBJECT_UNLOCK (self);
      break;
    default:
      G_OBJECT_WARN_INVALID_PROPERTY_ID (object, property_id, pspec);
      break;
  }
}

static void
gst_rtmp2_sink_get_property (GObject * object, guint property_id,
    GValue * value, GParamSpec * pspec)
{
  GstRtmp2Sink *self = GST_RTMP2_SINK (object);

  switch (property_id) {
    case PROP_LOCATION:
      GST_OBJECT_LOCK (self);
      g_value_take_string (value, gst_rtmp_location_get_string (&self->location,
              TRUE));
      GST_OBJECT_UNLOCK (self);
      break;
    case PROP_SCHEME:
      GST_OBJECT_LOCK (self);
      g_value_set_enum (value, self->location.scheme);
      GST_OBJECT_UNLOCK (self);
      break;
    case PROP_HOST:
      GST_OBJECT_LOCK (self);
      g_value_set_string (value, self->location.host);
      GST_OBJECT_UNLOCK (self);
      break;
    case PROP_PORT:
      GST_OBJECT_LOCK (self);
      g_value_set_int (value, self->location.port);
      GST_OBJECT_UNLOCK (self);
      break;
    case PROP_APPLICATION:
      GST_OBJECT_LOCK (self);
      g_value_set_string (value, self->location.application);
      GST_OBJECT_UNLOCK (self);
      break;
    case PROP_STREAM:
      GST_OBJECT_LOCK (self);
      g_value_set_string (value, self->location.stream);
      GST_OBJECT_UNLOCK (self);
      break;
    case PROP_SECURE_TOKEN:
      GST_OBJECT_LOCK (self);
      g_value_set_string (value, self->location.secure_token);
      GST_OBJECT_UNLOCK (self);
      break;
    case PROP_USERNAME:
      GST_OBJECT_LOCK (self);
      g_value_set_string (value, self->location.username);
      GST_OBJECT_UNLOCK (self);
      break;
    case PROP_PASSWORD:
      GST_OBJECT_LOCK (self);
      g_value_set_string (value, self->location.password);
      GST_OBJECT_UNLOCK (self);
      break;
    case PROP_AUTHMOD:
      GST_OBJECT_LOCK (self);
      g_value_set_enum (value, self->location.authmod);
      GST_OBJECT_UNLOCK (self);
      break;
    case PROP_TIMEOUT:
      GST_OBJECT_LOCK (self);
      g_value_set_uint (value, self->location.timeout);
      GST_OBJECT_UNLOCK (self);
      break;
    case PROP_TLS_VALIDATION_FLAGS:
      GST_OBJECT_LOCK (self);
      g_value_set_flags (value, self->location.tls_flags);
      GST_OBJECT_UNLOCK (self);
      break;
    case PROP_FLASH_VERSION:
      GST_OBJECT_LOCK (self);
      g_value_set_string (value, self->location.flash_ver);
      GST_OBJECT_UNLOCK (self);
      break;
    case PROP_ASYNC_CONNECT:
      GST_OBJECT_LOCK (self);
      g_value_set_boolean (value, self->async_connect);
      GST_OBJECT_UNLOCK (self);
      break;
    case PROP_PEAK_KBPS:
      GST_OBJECT_LOCK (self);
      g_value_set_uint (value, self->peak_kbps);
      GST_OBJECT_UNLOCK (self);
      break;
    case PROP_CHUNK_SIZE:
      GST_OBJECT_LOCK (self);
      g_value_set_uint (value, self->chunk_size);
      GST_OBJECT_UNLOCK (self);
      break;
    case PROP_STATS:
      g_value_take_boxed (value, gst_rtmp2_sink_get_stats (self));
      break;
    case PROP_STOP_COMMANDS:
      GST_OBJECT_LOCK (self);
      g_value_set_flags (value, self->stop_commands);
      GST_OBJECT_UNLOCK (self);
      break;
    default:
      G_OBJECT_WARN_INVALID_PROPERTY_ID (object, property_id, pspec);
      break;
  }
}

static void
gst_rtmp2_sink_finalize (GObject * object)
{
  GstRtmp2Sink *self = GST_RTMP2_SINK (object);

  g_clear_pointer (&self->headers, g_ptr_array_unref);

  g_clear_object (&self->cancellable);
  g_clear_object (&self->connection);

  g_clear_object (&self->task);
  g_rec_mutex_clear (&self->task_lock);

  g_mutex_clear (&self->lock);
  g_cond_clear (&self->cond);

  g_clear_pointer (&self->stats, gst_structure_free);
  gst_rtmp_location_clear (&self->location);

  G_OBJECT_CLASS (gst_rtmp2_sink_parent_class)->finalize (object);
}

static gboolean
gst_rtmp2_sink_start (GstBaseSink * sink)
{
  GstRtmp2Sink *self = GST_RTMP2_SINK (sink);
  gboolean async;

  GST_OBJECT_LOCK (self);
  async = self->async_connect;
  GST_OBJECT_UNLOCK (self);

  GST_INFO_OBJECT (self, "Starting (%s)", async ? "async" : "delayed");

  g_clear_object (&self->cancellable);

  self->running = TRUE;
  self->cancellable = g_cancellable_new ();
  self->stream_id = 0;
  self->last_ts = 0;
  self->base_ts = 0;

  if (async) {
    gst_task_start (self->task);
  }

  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
quit_invoker (gpointer user_data)
{
  g_main_loop_quit (user_data);
  return G_SOURCE_REMOVE;
}

static void
stop_task (GstRtmp2Sink * self)
{
  gst_task_stop (self->task);
  self->running = FALSE;

  if (self->cancellable) {
    GST_DEBUG_OBJECT (self, "Cancelling");
    g_cancellable_cancel (self->cancellable);
  }

  if (self->loop) {
    GST_DEBUG_OBJECT (self, "Stopping loop");
    g_main_context_invoke_full (self->context, G_PRIORITY_DEFAULT_IDLE,
        quit_invoker, g_main_loop_ref (self->loop),
        (GDestroyNotify) g_main_loop_unref);
  }

  g_cond_broadcast (&self->cond);
}

static gboolean
gst_rtmp2_sink_stop (GstBaseSink * sink)
{
  GstRtmp2Sink *self = GST_RTMP2_SINK (sink);

  GST_DEBUG_OBJECT (self, "stop");

  g_mutex_lock (&self->lock);
  stop_task (self);
  g_mutex_unlock (&self->lock);

  gst_task_join (self->task);

  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
stop_publish_invoker (gpointer user_data)
{
  GstRtmp2Sink *self = user_data;

  if (self->connection) {
    GST_OBJECT_LOCK (self);
    if (self->stop_commands != GST_RTMP_STOP_COMMANDS_NONE) {
      gst_rtmp_client_stop_publish (self->connection, self->location.stream,
          self->stop_commands);
    }
    GST_OBJECT_UNLOCK (self);
  }

  return G_SOURCE_REMOVE;
}

static gboolean
gst_rtmp2_sink_event (GstBaseSink * sink, GstEvent * event)
{
  GstEventType type;
  GstRtmp2Sink *self = GST_RTMP2_SINK (sink);

  type = GST_EVENT_TYPE (event);

  switch (type) {
    case GST_EVENT_EOS:
      g_mutex_lock (&self->lock);
      if (self->loop) {
        GST_DEBUG_OBJECT (self, "Got EOS: stopping publish");
        g_main_context_invoke (self->context, stop_publish_invoker, self);
      }
      g_mutex_unlock (&self->lock);
      break;
    default:
      break;
  }

  return GST_BASE_SINK_CLASS (gst_rtmp2_sink_parent_class)->event (sink, event);
}

static gboolean
gst_rtmp2_sink_unlock (GstBaseSink * sink)
{
  GstRtmp2Sink *self = GST_RTMP2_SINK (sink);

  GST_DEBUG_OBJECT (self, "unlock");

  g_mutex_lock (&self->lock);
  self->flushing = TRUE;
  g_cond_broadcast (&self->cond);
  g_mutex_unlock (&self->lock);

  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_rtmp2_sink_unlock_stop (GstBaseSink * sink)
{
  GstRtmp2Sink *self = GST_RTMP2_SINK (sink);

  GST_DEBUG_OBJECT (self, "unlock_stop");

  g_mutex_lock (&self->lock);
  self->flushing = FALSE;
  g_mutex_unlock (&self->lock);

  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
buffer_to_message (GstRtmp2Sink * self, GstBuffer * buffer, GstBuffer ** outbuf)
{
  GstBuffer *message;
  GstRtmpFlvTagHeader header;
  guint64 timestamp;
  guint32 cstream;

  {
    GstMapInfo info;

    if (G_UNLIKELY (!gst_buffer_map (buffer, &info, GST_MAP_READ))) {
      GST_ERROR_OBJECT (self, "map failed: %" GST_PTR_FORMAT, buffer);
      return FALSE;
    }

    /* FIXME: This is ugly and only works behind flvmux.
     *        Implement true RTMP muxing. */

    if (G_UNLIKELY (info.size >= 4 && memcmp (info.data, "FLV", 3) == 0)) {
      /* drop the header, we don't need it */
      GST_DEBUG_OBJECT (self, "ignoring FLV header: %" GST_PTR_FORMAT, buffer);
      gst_buffer_unmap (buffer, &info);
      *outbuf = NULL;
      return TRUE;
    }

    if (!gst_rtmp_flv_tag_parse_header (&header, info.data, info.size)) {
      GST_ERROR_OBJECT (self, "too small for tag header: %" GST_PTR_FORMAT,
          buffer);
      gst_buffer_unmap (buffer, &info);
      return FALSE;
    }

    if (info.size < header.total_size) {
      GST_ERROR_OBJECT (self, "too small for tag body: buffer %" G_GSIZE_FORMAT
          ", tag %" G_GSIZE_FORMAT, info.size, header.total_size);
      gst_buffer_unmap (buffer, &info);
      return FALSE;
    }

    /* flvmux timestamps roll over after about 49 days */
    timestamp = header.timestamp;
    if (timestamp + self->base_ts + G_MAXINT32 < self->last_ts) {
      GST_WARNING_OBJECT (self, "Timestamp regression %" G_GUINT64_FORMAT
          " -> %" G_GUINT64_FORMAT "; assuming overflow", self->last_ts,
          timestamp + self->base_ts);
      self->base_ts += G_MAXUINT32;
      self->base_ts += 1;
    } else if (timestamp + self->base_ts > self->last_ts + G_MAXINT32) {
      GST_WARNING_OBJECT (self, "Timestamp jump %" G_GUINT64_FORMAT
          " -> %" G_GUINT64_FORMAT "; assuming underflow", self->last_ts,
          timestamp + self->base_ts);
      if (self->base_ts > 0) {
        self->base_ts -= G_MAXUINT32;
        self->base_ts -= 1;
      } else {
        GST_WARNING_OBJECT (self, "Cannot regress further;"
            " forcing timestamp to zero");
        timestamp = 0;
      }
    }
    timestamp += self->base_ts;
    self->last_ts = timestamp;

    gst_buffer_unmap (buffer, &info);
  }

  switch (header.type) {
    case GST_RTMP_MESSAGE_TYPE_DATA_AMF0:
      cstream = 4;
      break;

    case GST_RTMP_MESSAGE_TYPE_AUDIO:
      cstream = 5;
      break;

    case GST_RTMP_MESSAGE_TYPE_VIDEO:
      cstream = 6;
      break;

    default:
      GST_ERROR_OBJECT (self, "unknown tag type %d", header.type);
      return FALSE;
  }

  /* May not know stream ID yet; set later */
  message = gst_rtmp_message_new (header.type, cstream, 0);
  message = gst_buffer_append_region (message, gst_buffer_ref (buffer),
      GST_RTMP_FLV_TAG_HEADER_SIZE, header.payload_size);

  GST_BUFFER_DTS (message) = timestamp * GST_MSECOND;

  *outbuf = message;
  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
should_drop_header (GstRtmp2Sink * self, GstBuffer * buffer)
{
  guint len;

  if (G_LIKELY (!GST_BUFFER_FLAG_IS_SET (buffer, GST_BUFFER_FLAG_HEADER))) {
    return FALSE;
  }

  g_mutex_lock (&self->lock);
  len = self->headers->len;
  g_mutex_unlock (&self->lock);

  /* Drop header buffers when we have streamheader caps */
  return len > 0;
}

static void
send_message (GstRtmp2Sink * self, GstBuffer * message)
{
  GstRtmpMeta *meta = gst_buffer_get_rtmp_meta (message);

  g_return_if_fail (meta != NULL);
  g_return_if_fail (self->stream_id != 0);

  meta->mstream = self->stream_id;

  if (gst_rtmp_message_is_metadata (message)) {
    gst_rtmp_connection_set_data_frame (self->connection, message);
  } else {
    gst_rtmp_connection_queue_message (self->connection, message);
  }
}

static void
send_streamheader (GstRtmp2Sink * self)
{
  guint i;

  if (G_LIKELY (self->headers->len == 0)) {
    return;
  }

  GST_DEBUG_OBJECT (self, "Sending %u streamheader messages",
      self->headers->len);

  for (i = 0; i < self->headers->len; i++) {
    send_message (self, g_ptr_array_index (self->headers, i));
  }

  /* Steal pointers: suppress free */
  g_ptr_array_set_free_func (self->headers, NULL);
  g_ptr_array_set_size (self->headers, 0);
  g_ptr_array_set_free_func (self->headers,
      (GDestroyNotify) gst_mini_object_unref);
}

static inline gboolean
is_running (GstRtmp2Sink * self)
{
  return G_LIKELY (self->running && !self->flushing);
}

static GstFlowReturn
gst_rtmp2_sink_render (GstBaseSink * sink, GstBuffer * buffer)
{
  GstRtmp2Sink *self = GST_RTMP2_SINK (sink);
  GstBuffer *message;
  GstFlowReturn ret;

  if (G_UNLIKELY (should_drop_header (self, buffer))) {
    GST_DEBUG_OBJECT (self, "Skipping header %" GST_PTR_FORMAT, buffer);
    return GST_FLOW_OK;
  }

  GST_LOG_OBJECT (self, "render %" GST_PTR_FORMAT, buffer);

  if (G_UNLIKELY (!buffer_to_message (self, buffer, &message))) {
    GST_ELEMENT_ERROR (self, STREAM, FAILED, ("Failed to convert FLV to RTMP"),
        ("Failed to convert %" GST_PTR_FORMAT, message));
    return GST_FLOW_ERROR;
  }

  if (G_UNLIKELY (!message)) {
    GST_DEBUG_OBJECT (self, "Skipping %" GST_PTR_FORMAT, buffer);
    return GST_FLOW_OK;
  }

  g_mutex_lock (&self->lock);

  if (G_UNLIKELY (is_running (self) && self->cancellable &&
          gst_task_get_state (self->task) != GST_TASK_STARTED)) {
    GST_DEBUG_OBJECT (self, "Starting connect");
    gst_task_start (self->task);
  }

  while (G_UNLIKELY (is_running (self) && !self->connection)) {
    GST_DEBUG_OBJECT (self, "Waiting for connection");
    g_cond_wait (&self->cond, &self->lock);
  }

  while (G_UNLIKELY (is_running (self) && self->connection &&
          gst_rtmp_connection_get_num_queued (self->connection) > 3)) {
    GST_LOG_OBJECT (self, "Waiting for queue");
    g_cond_wait (&self->cond, &self->lock);
  }

  if (G_UNLIKELY (!self->connection)) {
    gst_buffer_unref (message);
    /* send_connect_error has sent an ERROR message */
    ret = GST_FLOW_ERROR;
  } else if (G_UNLIKELY (!is_running (self))) {
    gst_buffer_unref (message);
    ret = GST_FLOW_FLUSHING;
  } else {
    send_streamheader (self);
    send_message (self, message);
    ret = GST_FLOW_OK;
  }

  g_mutex_unlock (&self->lock);
  return ret;
}

static gboolean
add_streamheader (GstRtmp2Sink * self, const GValue * value)
{
  GstBuffer *buffer, *message;

  g_return_val_if_fail (value, FALSE);

  if (!GST_VALUE_HOLDS_BUFFER (value)) {
    GST_ERROR_OBJECT (self, "'streamheader' item of unexpected type '%s'",
        G_VALUE_TYPE_NAME (value));
    return FALSE;
  }

  buffer = gst_value_get_buffer (value);

  if (!buffer_to_message (self, buffer, &message)) {
    GST_ERROR_OBJECT (self, "Failed to read streamheader %" GST_PTR_FORMAT,
        buffer);
    return FALSE;
  }

  if (message) {
    GST_DEBUG_OBJECT (self, "Adding streamheader %" GST_PTR_FORMAT, buffer);
    g_ptr_array_add (self->headers, message);
  } else {
    GST_DEBUG_OBJECT (self, "Skipping streamheader %" GST_PTR_FORMAT, buffer);
  }

  return TRUE;
}

static gboolean
gst_rtmp2_sink_set_caps (GstBaseSink * sink, GstCaps * caps)
{
  GstRtmp2Sink *self = GST_RTMP2_SINK (sink);
  GstStructure *s;
  const GValue *streamheader;
  guint i = 0;

  GST_DEBUG_OBJECT (self, "setcaps %" GST_PTR_FORMAT, caps);

  g_ptr_array_set_size (self->headers, 0);

  s = gst_caps_get_structure (caps, 0);
  streamheader = gst_structure_get_value (s, "streamheader");

  if (!streamheader) {
    GST_DEBUG_OBJECT (self, "'streamheader' field not present");
  } else if (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_BUFFER (streamheader)) {
    GST_DEBUG_OBJECT (self, "'streamheader' field holds buffer");
    if (!add_streamheader (self, streamheader)) {
      return FALSE;
    }

    i = 1;
  } else if (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_ARRAY (streamheader)) {
    guint size = gst_value_array_get_size (streamheader);

    GST_DEBUG_OBJECT (self, "'streamheader' field holds array");

    for (; i < size; i++) {
      const GValue *v = gst_value_array_get_value (streamheader, i);

      if (!add_streamheader (self, v)) {
        return FALSE;
      }
    }
  } else {
    GST_ERROR_OBJECT (self, "'streamheader' field has unexpected type '%s'",
        G_VALUE_TYPE_NAME (streamheader));
    return FALSE;
  }

  GST_DEBUG_OBJECT (self, "Collected streamheaders: %u buffers -> %u messages",
      i, self->headers->len);

  return TRUE;
}

/* Mainloop task */
static void
gst_rtmp2_sink_task_func (gpointer user_data)
{
  GstRtmp2Sink *self = GST_RTMP2_SINK (user_data);
  GMainContext *context;
  GMainLoop *loop;
  GTask *connector;

  GST_DEBUG_OBJECT (self, "gst_rtmp2_sink_task starting");
  g_mutex_lock (&self->lock);

  context = self->context = g_main_context_new ();
  g_main_context_push_thread_default (context);
  loop = self->loop = g_main_loop_new (context, TRUE);
  connector = g_task_new (self, self->cancellable, connect_task_done, NULL);

  g_clear_pointer (&self->stats, gst_structure_free);

  GST_OBJECT_LOCK (self);
  gst_rtmp_client_connect_async (&self->location, self->cancellable,
      client_connect_done, connector);
  GST_OBJECT_UNLOCK (self);

  /* Run loop */
  g_mutex_unlock (&self->lock);
  g_main_loop_run (loop);
  g_mutex_lock (&self->lock);

  if (self->connection) {
    self->stats = gst_rtmp_connection_get_stats (self->connection);
  }

  g_clear_pointer (&self->loop, g_main_loop_unref);
  g_clear_pointer (&self->connection, gst_rtmp_connection_close_and_unref);
  g_cond_broadcast (&self->cond);

  /* Run loop cleanup */
  g_mutex_unlock (&self->lock);
  while (g_main_context_pending (context)) {
    GST_DEBUG_OBJECT (self, "iterating main context to clean up");
    g_main_context_iteration (context, FALSE);
  }
  g_main_context_pop_thread_default (context);
  g_mutex_lock (&self->lock);

  g_clear_pointer (&self->context, g_main_context_unref);
  g_ptr_array_set_size (self->headers, 0);

  g_mutex_unlock (&self->lock);
  GST_DEBUG_OBJECT (self, "gst_rtmp2_sink_task exiting");
}

static void
client_connect_done (GObject * source, GAsyncResult * result,
    gpointer user_data)
{
  GTask *task = user_data;
  GstRtmp2Sink *self = g_task_get_source_object (task);
  GError *error = NULL;
  GstRtmpConnection *connection;

  connection = gst_rtmp_client_connect_finish (result, &error);
  if (!connection) {
    g_task_return_error (task, error);
    g_object_unref (task);
    return;
  }

  g_task_set_task_data (task, connection, g_object_unref);

  if (g_task_return_error_if_cancelled (task)) {
    g_object_unref (task);
    return;
  }

  GST_OBJECT_LOCK (self);
  gst_rtmp_client_start_publish_async (connection, self->location.stream,
      g_task_get_cancellable (task), start_publish_done, task);
  GST_OBJECT_UNLOCK (self);
}

static void
start_publish_done (GObject * source, GAsyncResult * result, gpointer user_data)
{
  GTask *task = G_TASK (user_data);
  GstRtmp2Sink *self = g_task_get_source_object (task);
  GstRtmpConnection *connection = g_task_get_task_data (task);
  GError *error = NULL;

  if (g_task_return_error_if_cancelled (task)) {
    g_object_unref (task);
    return;
  }

  if (gst_rtmp_client_start_publish_finish (connection, result,
          &self->stream_id, &error)) {
    g_task_return_pointer (task, g_object_ref (connection),
        gst_rtmp_connection_close_and_unref);
  } else {
    g_task_return_error (task, error);
  }

  g_task_set_task_data (task, NULL, NULL);
  g_object_unref (task);
}

static void
put_chunk (GstRtmpConnection * connection, gpointer user_data)
{
  GstRtmp2Sink *self = GST_RTMP2_SINK (user_data);

  g_mutex_lock (&self->lock);
  g_cond_signal (&self->cond);
  g_mutex_unlock (&self->lock);
}

static void
error_callback (GstRtmpConnection * connection, const GError * error,
    GstRtmp2Sink * self)
{
  g_mutex_lock (&self->lock);
  if (self->cancellable) {
    g_cancellable_cancel (self->cancellable);
  } else if (self->loop) {
    GST_ELEMENT_ERROR (self, RESOURCE, WRITE,
        ("Connection error: %s", error->message),
        ("domain %s, code %d", g_quark_to_string (error->domain), error->code));
    stop_task (self);
  }
  g_mutex_unlock (&self->lock);
}

static void
send_connect_error (GstRtmp2Sink * self, GError * error)
{
  if (!error) {
    GST_ERROR_OBJECT (self, "Connect failed with NULL error");
    GST_ELEMENT_ERROR (self, RESOURCE, FAILED, ("Failed to connect"), (NULL));
    return;
  }

  if (g_error_matches (error, G_IO_ERROR, G_IO_ERROR_CANCELLED)) {
    GST_DEBUG_OBJECT (self, "Connection was cancelled: %s", error->message);
    return;
  }

  GST_ERROR_OBJECT (self, "Failed to connect: %s %d %s",
      g_quark_to_string (error->domain), error->code, error->message);

  if (g_error_matches (error, G_IO_ERROR, G_IO_ERROR_PERMISSION_DENIED)) {
    GST_ELEMENT_ERROR (self, RESOURCE, NOT_AUTHORIZED,
        ("Not authorized to connect: %s", error->message), (NULL));
  } else if (g_error_matches (error, G_IO_ERROR, G_IO_ERROR_CONNECTION_REFUSED)) {
    GST_ELEMENT_ERROR (self, RESOURCE, OPEN_READ,
        ("Connection refused: %s", error->message), (NULL));
  } else {
    GST_ELEMENT_ERROR (self, RESOURCE, FAILED,
        ("Failed to connect: %s", error->message),
        ("domain %s, code %d", g_quark_to_string (error->domain), error->code));
  }
}

static void
connect_task_done (GObject * object, GAsyncResult * result, gpointer user_data)
{
  GstRtmp2Sink *self = GST_RTMP2_SINK (object);
  GTask *task = G_TASK (result);
  GError *error = NULL;

  g_mutex_lock (&self->lock);

  g_warn_if_fail (g_task_is_valid (task, object));

  if (self->cancellable == g_task_get_cancellable (task)) {
    g_clear_object (&self->cancellable);
  }

  self->connection = g_task_propagate_pointer (task, &error);
  if (self->connection) {
    set_pacing_rate (self);
    set_chunk_size (self);
    gst_rtmp_connection_set_output_handler (self->connection,
        put_chunk, g_object_ref (self), g_object_unref);
    g_signal_connect_object (self->connection, "error",
        G_CALLBACK (error_callback), self, 0);
  } else {
    send_connect_error (self, error);
    stop_task (self);
    g_error_free (error);
  }

  g_cond_broadcast (&self->cond);
  g_mutex_unlock (&self->lock);
}

static gboolean
socket_set_pacing_rate (GSocket * socket, gint pacing_rate, GError ** error)
{
#ifdef SO_MAX_PACING_RATE
  if (!g_socket_set_option (socket, SOL_SOCKET, SO_MAX_PACING_RATE,
          pacing_rate, error)) {
    g_prefix_error (error, "setsockopt failed: ");
    return FALSE;
  }
#else
  if (pacing_rate != -1) {
    g_set_error (error, G_IO_ERROR, G_IO_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED,
        "SO_MAX_PACING_RATE is not supported");
    return FALSE;
  }
#endif

  return TRUE;
}

static void
set_pacing_rate (GstRtmp2Sink * self)
{
  GError *error = NULL;
  gint pacing_rate;

  if (!self->connection)
    return;

  GST_OBJECT_LOCK (self);
  pacing_rate = self->peak_kbps ? self->peak_kbps * 125 : -1;
  GST_OBJECT_UNLOCK (self);

  if (socket_set_pacing_rate (gst_rtmp_connection_get_socket (self->connection),
          pacing_rate, &error))
    GST_INFO_OBJECT (self, "Set pacing rate to %d Bps", pacing_rate);
  else
    GST_WARNING_OBJECT (self, "Could not set pacing rate: %s", error->message);

  g_clear_error (&error);
}

static void
set_chunk_size (GstRtmp2Sink * self)
{
  guint32 chunk_size;

  if (!self->connection)
    return;

  GST_OBJECT_LOCK (self);
  chunk_size = self->chunk_size;
  GST_OBJECT_UNLOCK (self);

  gst_rtmp_connection_set_chunk_size (self->connection, chunk_size);
  GST_INFO_OBJECT (self, "Set chunk size to %" G_GUINT32_FORMAT, chunk_size);
}

static GstStructure *
gst_rtmp2_sink_get_stats (GstRtmp2Sink * self)
{
  GstStructure *s;

  g_mutex_lock (&self->lock);

  if (self->connection) {
    s = gst_rtmp_connection_get_stats (self->connection);
  } else if (self->stats) {
    s = gst_structure_copy (self->stats);
  } else {
    s = gst_rtmp_connection_get_null_stats ();
  }

  g_mutex_unlock (&self->lock);

  return s;
}