gstreamer/ext/timidity/gsttimidity.c

807 lines
22 KiB
C

/*
* gsttimdity - timidity plugin for gstreamer
*
* Copyright 2007 Wouter Paesen <wouter@blue-gate.be>
*
* This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
* modify it under the terms of the GNU Library General Public
* License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
* version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
*
* This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
* Library General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU Library General Public
* License along with this library; if not, write to the
* Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
* Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
*/
/**
* SECTION:element-timidity
* @see_also: wildmidi
*
* This element renders midi-files as audio streams using
* <ulink url="http://timidity.sourceforge.net/">Timidity</ulink>.
*
* <refsect2>
* <title>Example pipeline</title>
* |[
* gst-launch filesrc location=song.mid ! timidity ! alsasink
* ]| This example pipeline will parse the midi and render to raw audio which is
* played via alsa.
* </refsect2>
*/
#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
# include <config.h>
#endif
#include <gst/gst.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "gsttimidity.h"
#ifndef TIMIDITY_CFG
#define TIMIDITY_CFG "/etc/timidity.cfg"
#endif
GST_DEBUG_CATEGORY_STATIC (gst_timidity_debug);
#define GST_CAT_DEFAULT gst_timidity_debug
enum
{
/* FILL ME */
LAST_SIGNAL
};
enum
{
ARG_0,
/* FILL ME */
};
static gboolean gst_timidity_src_event (GstPad * pad, GstEvent * event);
static GstStateChangeReturn gst_timidity_change_state (GstElement * element,
GstStateChange transition);
static gboolean gst_timidity_activate (GstPad * pad);
static gboolean gst_timidity_activatepull (GstPad * pad, gboolean active);
static void gst_timidity_loop (GstPad * sinkpad);
static gboolean gst_timidity_src_query (GstPad * pad, GstQuery * query);
static gboolean gst_timidity_set_song_options (GstTimidity * timidity,
MidSongOptions * options);
static GstStaticPadTemplate sink_factory = GST_STATIC_PAD_TEMPLATE ("sink",
GST_PAD_SINK,
GST_PAD_ALWAYS,
GST_STATIC_CAPS ("audio/midi; audio/riff-midi")
);
static GstStaticPadTemplate src_factory = GST_STATIC_PAD_TEMPLATE ("src",
GST_PAD_SRC,
GST_PAD_ALWAYS,
GST_STATIC_CAPS ("audio/x-raw-int, "
"rate = (int) 44100, "
"channels = (int) 2, "
"endianness = (int) LITTLE_ENDIAN, "
"width = (int) 16, " "depth = (int) 16, " "signed = (boolean) true"));
GST_BOILERPLATE (GstTimidity, gst_timidity, GstElement, GST_TYPE_ELEMENT);
static void
gst_timidity_base_init (gpointer gclass)
{
GstElementClass *element_class = GST_ELEMENT_CLASS (gclass);
gst_element_class_add_pad_template (element_class,
gst_static_pad_template_get (&src_factory));
gst_element_class_add_pad_template (element_class,
gst_static_pad_template_get (&sink_factory));
gst_element_class_set_details_simple (element_class, "Timidity",
"Codec/Decoder/Audio",
"Midi Synthesizer Element", "Wouter Paesen <wouter@blue-gate.be>");
}
/* initialize the plugin's class */
static void
gst_timidity_class_init (GstTimidityClass * klass)
{
GstElementClass *gstelement_class;
gstelement_class = (GstElementClass *) klass;
gstelement_class->change_state = gst_timidity_change_state;
}
/* initialize the new element
* instantiate pads and add them to element
* set functions
* initialize structure
*/
static void
gst_timidity_init (GstTimidity * filter, GstTimidityClass * g_class)
{
GstElementClass *klass = GST_ELEMENT_GET_CLASS (filter);
/* initialise timidity library */
if (mid_init ((char *) TIMIDITY_CFG) == 0) {
filter->initialized = TRUE;
} else {
GST_WARNING ("can't initialize timidity with config: " TIMIDITY_CFG);
}
filter->sinkpad =
gst_pad_new_from_template (gst_element_class_get_pad_template (klass,
"sink"), "sink");
gst_pad_set_activatepull_function (filter->sinkpad,
gst_timidity_activatepull);
gst_pad_set_activate_function (filter->sinkpad, gst_timidity_activate);
gst_pad_set_setcaps_function (filter->sinkpad, gst_pad_set_caps);
gst_pad_use_fixed_caps (filter->sinkpad);
gst_element_add_pad (GST_ELEMENT (filter), filter->sinkpad);
filter->srcpad =
gst_pad_new_from_template (gst_element_class_get_pad_template (klass,
"src"), "src");
gst_pad_set_query_function (filter->srcpad, gst_timidity_src_query);
gst_pad_set_event_function (filter->srcpad, gst_timidity_src_event);
gst_pad_use_fixed_caps (filter->srcpad);
gst_pad_set_setcaps_function (filter->srcpad, gst_pad_set_caps);
gst_element_add_pad (GST_ELEMENT (filter), filter->srcpad);
filter->song_options->buffer_size = 2048;
filter->song_options->rate = 44100;
filter->song_options->format = MID_AUDIO_S16LSB;
filter->song_options->channels = 2;
gst_timidity_set_song_options (filter, filter->song_options);
gst_segment_init (filter->o_segment, GST_FORMAT_DEFAULT);
}
static gboolean
gst_timidity_set_song_options (GstTimidity * timidity, MidSongOptions * options)
{
gint64 bps;
switch (options->format) {
case MID_AUDIO_U8:
case MID_AUDIO_S8:
bps = 1;
break;
case MID_AUDIO_U16LSB:
case MID_AUDIO_S16LSB:
case MID_AUDIO_U16MSB:
case MID_AUDIO_S16MSB:
bps = 2;
break;
default:
return FALSE;
}
bps *= options->channels;
if (options != timidity->song_options)
memcpy (timidity->song_options, options, sizeof (MidSongOptions));
timidity->bytes_per_frame = bps;
timidity->time_per_frame = GST_SECOND / (GstClockTime) options->rate;
return TRUE;
}
static gboolean
gst_timidity_src_convert (GstTimidity * timidity,
GstFormat src_format, gint64 src_value,
GstFormat * dest_format, gint64 * dest_value)
{
gboolean res = TRUE;
gint64 frames;
if (src_format == *dest_format) {
*dest_value = src_value;
goto done;
}
switch (src_format) {
case GST_FORMAT_TIME:
frames = src_value / timidity->time_per_frame;
break;
case GST_FORMAT_BYTES:
frames = src_value / (timidity->bytes_per_frame);
break;
case GST_FORMAT_DEFAULT:
frames = src_value;
break;
default:
res = FALSE;
goto done;
}
switch (*dest_format) {
case GST_FORMAT_TIME:
*dest_value = frames * timidity->time_per_frame;
break;
case GST_FORMAT_BYTES:
*dest_value = frames * timidity->bytes_per_frame;
break;
case GST_FORMAT_DEFAULT:
*dest_value = frames;
break;
default:
res = FALSE;
break;
}
done:
return res;
}
static gboolean
gst_timidity_src_query (GstPad * pad, GstQuery * query)
{
gboolean res = TRUE;
GstTimidity *timidity = GST_TIMIDITY (gst_pad_get_parent (pad));
GstFormat src_format, dst_format;
gint64 src_value, dst_value;
if (!timidity->song) {
gst_object_unref (timidity);
return FALSE;
}
switch (GST_QUERY_TYPE (query)) {
case GST_QUERY_DURATION:
gst_query_set_duration (query, GST_FORMAT_TIME,
GST_MSECOND * (gint64) mid_song_get_total_time (timidity->song));
break;
case GST_QUERY_POSITION:
gst_query_set_position (query, GST_FORMAT_TIME,
timidity->o_segment->last_stop * timidity->time_per_frame);
break;
case GST_QUERY_CONVERT:
gst_query_parse_convert (query, &src_format, &src_value,
&dst_format, NULL);
res =
gst_timidity_src_convert (timidity, src_format, src_value,
&dst_format, &dst_value);
if (res)
gst_query_set_convert (query, src_format, src_value, dst_format,
dst_value);
break;
case GST_QUERY_FORMATS:
gst_query_set_formats (query, 3,
GST_FORMAT_TIME, GST_FORMAT_BYTES, GST_FORMAT_DEFAULT);
break;
case GST_QUERY_SEGMENT:
gst_query_set_segment (query, timidity->o_segment->rate,
timidity->o_segment->format, timidity->o_segment->start,
timidity->o_segment->stop);
break;
case GST_QUERY_SEEKING:
gst_query_set_seeking (query, timidity->o_segment->format,
TRUE, 0, timidity->o_len);
break;
default:
res = FALSE;
break;
}
gst_object_unref (timidity);
return res;
}
static gboolean
gst_timidity_get_upstream_size (GstTimidity * timidity, gint64 * size)
{
GstFormat format = GST_FORMAT_BYTES;
gboolean res = FALSE;
GstPad *peer = gst_pad_get_peer (timidity->sinkpad);
if (peer != NULL)
res = gst_pad_query_duration (peer, &format, size) && *size >= 0;
gst_object_unref (peer);
return res;
}
static GstSegment *
gst_timidity_get_segment (GstTimidity * timidity, GstFormat format,
gboolean update)
{
gint64 start = 0, stop = 0, time = 0;
GstSegment *segment = gst_segment_new ();
gst_timidity_src_convert (timidity,
timidity->o_segment->format, timidity->o_segment->start, &format, &start);
if (timidity->o_segment->stop == GST_CLOCK_TIME_NONE) {
stop = GST_CLOCK_TIME_NONE;
} else {
gst_timidity_src_convert (timidity,
timidity->o_segment->format, timidity->o_segment->stop, &format, &stop);
}
gst_timidity_src_convert (timidity,
timidity->o_segment->format, timidity->o_segment->time, &format, &time);
gst_segment_set_newsegment_full (segment, update,
timidity->o_segment->rate, timidity->o_segment->applied_rate,
format, start, stop, time);
segment->last_stop = time;
return segment;
}
static GstEvent *
gst_timidity_get_new_segment_event (GstTimidity * timidity, GstFormat format,
gboolean update)
{
GstSegment *segment;
GstEvent *event;
segment = gst_timidity_get_segment (timidity, format, update);
event = gst_event_new_new_segment_full (update,
segment->rate, segment->applied_rate, segment->format,
segment->start, segment->stop, segment->time);
gst_segment_free (segment);
return event;
}
static gboolean
gst_timidity_src_event (GstPad * pad, GstEvent * event)
{
gboolean res = FALSE;
GstTimidity *timidity = GST_TIMIDITY (gst_pad_get_parent (pad));
GST_DEBUG_OBJECT (pad, "%s event received", GST_EVENT_TYPE_NAME (event));
switch (GST_EVENT_TYPE (event)) {
case GST_EVENT_SEEK:
{
gdouble rate;
GstFormat src_format, dst_format;
GstSeekFlags flags;
GstSeekType start_type, stop_type;
gint64 orig_start, start = 0, stop = 0;
gboolean flush, update;
if (!timidity->song)
break;
gst_event_parse_seek (event, &rate, &src_format, &flags,
&start_type, &orig_start, &stop_type, &stop);
dst_format = GST_FORMAT_DEFAULT;
gst_timidity_src_convert (timidity, src_format, orig_start,
&dst_format, &start);
gst_timidity_src_convert (timidity, src_format, stop, &dst_format, &stop);
flush = ((flags & GST_SEEK_FLAG_FLUSH) == GST_SEEK_FLAG_FLUSH);
if (flush) {
GST_DEBUG ("performing flush");
gst_pad_push_event (timidity->srcpad, gst_event_new_flush_start ());
} else {
gst_pad_stop_task (timidity->sinkpad);
}
GST_PAD_STREAM_LOCK (timidity->sinkpad);
if (flush) {
gst_pad_push_event (timidity->srcpad, gst_event_new_flush_stop ());
}
gst_segment_set_seek (timidity->o_segment, rate, dst_format, flags,
start_type, start, stop_type, stop, &update);
if ((flags && GST_SEEK_FLAG_SEGMENT) == GST_SEEK_FLAG_SEGMENT) {
GST_DEBUG_OBJECT (timidity, "received segment seek %d, %d",
(gint) start_type, (gint) stop_type);
} else {
GST_DEBUG_OBJECT (timidity, "received normal seek %d",
(gint) start_type);
update = FALSE;
}
gst_pad_push_event (timidity->srcpad,
gst_timidity_get_new_segment_event (timidity, GST_FORMAT_TIME,
update));
timidity->o_seek = TRUE;
gst_pad_start_task (timidity->sinkpad,
(GstTaskFunction) gst_timidity_loop, timidity->sinkpad);
GST_PAD_STREAM_UNLOCK (timidity->sinkpad);
GST_DEBUG ("seek done");
}
res = TRUE;
break;
default:
break;
}
g_object_unref (timidity);
return res;
}
static gboolean
gst_timidity_activate (GstPad * sinkpad)
{
if (gst_pad_check_pull_range (sinkpad))
return gst_pad_activate_pull (sinkpad, TRUE);
return FALSE;
}
static gboolean
gst_timidity_activatepull (GstPad * pad, gboolean active)
{
if (active) {
return gst_pad_start_task (pad, (GstTaskFunction) gst_timidity_loop, pad);
} else {
return gst_pad_stop_task (pad);
}
}
static GstBuffer *
gst_timidity_allocate_buffer (GstTimidity * timidity, gint64 samples)
{
return gst_buffer_new_and_alloc (samples * timidity->bytes_per_frame);
}
static GstBuffer *
gst_timidity_clip_buffer (GstTimidity * timidity, GstBuffer * buffer)
{
gint64 new_start, new_stop;
gint64 offset, length;
GstBuffer *out;
return buffer;
if (!gst_segment_clip (timidity->o_segment, GST_FORMAT_DEFAULT,
GST_BUFFER_OFFSET (buffer), GST_BUFFER_OFFSET_END (buffer),
&new_start, &new_stop)) {
gst_buffer_unref (buffer);
return NULL;
}
if (GST_BUFFER_OFFSET (buffer) == new_start &&
GST_BUFFER_OFFSET_END (buffer) == new_stop)
return buffer;
offset = new_start - GST_BUFFER_OFFSET (buffer);
length = new_stop - new_start;
out = gst_buffer_create_sub (buffer, offset * timidity->bytes_per_frame,
length * timidity->bytes_per_frame);
GST_BUFFER_OFFSET (out) = new_start;
GST_BUFFER_OFFSET_END (out) = new_stop;
GST_BUFFER_TIMESTAMP (out) = new_start * timidity->time_per_frame;
GST_BUFFER_DURATION (out) = (new_stop - new_start) * timidity->time_per_frame;
gst_buffer_unref (buffer);
return out;
}
/* generate audio data and advance internal timers */
static GstBuffer *
gst_timidity_fill_buffer (GstTimidity * timidity, GstBuffer * buffer)
{
size_t bytes_read;
gint64 samples;
bytes_read = mid_song_read_wave (timidity->song, GST_BUFFER_DATA (buffer),
GST_BUFFER_SIZE (buffer));
if (bytes_read == 0) {
gst_buffer_unref (buffer);
return NULL;
}
GST_BUFFER_OFFSET (buffer) =
timidity->o_segment->last_stop * timidity->bytes_per_frame;
GST_BUFFER_TIMESTAMP (buffer) =
timidity->o_segment->last_stop * timidity->time_per_frame;
if (bytes_read < GST_BUFFER_SIZE (buffer)) {
GstBuffer *old = buffer;
buffer = gst_buffer_create_sub (buffer, 0, bytes_read);
gst_buffer_unref (old);
}
samples = GST_BUFFER_SIZE (buffer) / timidity->bytes_per_frame;
timidity->o_segment->last_stop += samples;
GST_BUFFER_OFFSET_END (buffer) =
timidity->o_segment->last_stop * timidity->bytes_per_frame;
GST_BUFFER_DURATION (buffer) = samples * timidity->time_per_frame;
GST_DEBUG_OBJECT (timidity,
"generated buffer %" GST_TIME_FORMAT "-%" GST_TIME_FORMAT
" (%" G_GINT64_FORMAT " samples)",
GST_TIME_ARGS ((guint64) GST_BUFFER_TIMESTAMP (buffer)),
GST_TIME_ARGS (((guint64) (GST_BUFFER_TIMESTAMP (buffer) +
GST_BUFFER_DURATION (buffer)))), samples);
return buffer;
}
static GstBuffer *
gst_timidity_get_buffer (GstTimidity * timidity)
{
GstBuffer *out;
out =
gst_timidity_fill_buffer (timidity,
gst_timidity_allocate_buffer (timidity, 256));
if (!out)
return NULL;
return gst_timidity_clip_buffer (timidity, out);
}
static void
gst_timidity_loop (GstPad * sinkpad)
{
GstTimidity *timidity = GST_TIMIDITY (GST_PAD_PARENT (sinkpad));
GstBuffer *out;
GstFlowReturn ret;
if (timidity->mididata_size == 0) {
if (!gst_timidity_get_upstream_size (timidity, &timidity->mididata_size)) {
GST_ELEMENT_ERROR (timidity, STREAM, DECODE, (NULL),
("Unable to get song length"));
goto paused;
}
if (timidity->mididata)
g_free (timidity->mididata);
timidity->mididata = g_malloc (timidity->mididata_size);
timidity->mididata_offset = 0;
return;
}
if (timidity->mididata_offset < timidity->mididata_size) {
GstBuffer *buffer;
gint64 size;
GST_DEBUG_OBJECT (timidity, "loading song");
ret =
gst_pad_pull_range (timidity->sinkpad, timidity->mididata_offset,
-1, &buffer);
if (ret != GST_FLOW_OK) {
GST_ELEMENT_ERROR (timidity, STREAM, DECODE, (NULL),
("Unable to load song"));
goto paused;
}
size = timidity->mididata_size - timidity->mididata_offset;
if (GST_BUFFER_SIZE (buffer) < size)
size = GST_BUFFER_SIZE (buffer);
memmove (timidity->mididata + timidity->mididata_offset,
GST_BUFFER_DATA (buffer), size);
gst_buffer_unref (buffer);
timidity->mididata_offset += size;
GST_DEBUG_OBJECT (timidity, "Song loaded");
return;
}
if (!timidity->song) {
MidIStream *stream;
GstTagList *tags = NULL;
gchar *text;
GST_DEBUG_OBJECT (timidity, "Parsing song");
stream =
mid_istream_open_mem (timidity->mididata, timidity->mididata_size, 0);
timidity->song = mid_song_load (stream, timidity->song_options);
mid_istream_close (stream);
if (!timidity->song) {
GST_ELEMENT_ERROR (timidity, STREAM, DECODE, (NULL),
("Unable to parse midi"));
goto paused;
}
mid_song_start (timidity->song);
timidity->o_len = (GST_MSECOND *
(GstClockTime) mid_song_get_total_time (timidity->song)) /
timidity->time_per_frame;
gst_segment_set_newsegment (timidity->o_segment, FALSE, 1.0,
GST_FORMAT_DEFAULT, 0, GST_CLOCK_TIME_NONE, 0);
gst_pad_push_event (timidity->srcpad,
gst_timidity_get_new_segment_event (timidity, GST_FORMAT_TIME, FALSE));
/* extract tags */
text = mid_song_get_meta (timidity->song, MID_SONG_TEXT);
if (text) {
tags = gst_tag_list_new ();
gst_tag_list_add (tags, GST_TAG_MERGE_APPEND, GST_TAG_TITLE, text, NULL);
//g_free (text);
}
text = mid_song_get_meta (timidity->song, MID_SONG_COPYRIGHT);
if (text) {
if (tags == NULL)
tags = gst_tag_list_new ();
gst_tag_list_add (tags, GST_TAG_MERGE_APPEND,
GST_TAG_COPYRIGHT, text, NULL);
//g_free (text);
}
if (tags) {
gst_element_found_tags (GST_ELEMENT (timidity), tags);
}
GST_DEBUG_OBJECT (timidity, "Parsing song done");
return;
}
if (timidity->o_segment_changed) {
GstSegment *segment = gst_timidity_get_segment (timidity, GST_FORMAT_TIME,
!timidity->o_new_segment);
GST_LOG_OBJECT (timidity,
"sending newsegment from %" GST_TIME_FORMAT "-%" GST_TIME_FORMAT
", pos=%" GST_TIME_FORMAT, GST_TIME_ARGS ((guint64) segment->start),
GST_TIME_ARGS ((guint64) segment->stop),
GST_TIME_ARGS ((guint64) segment->time));
if (timidity->o_segment->flags & GST_SEEK_FLAG_SEGMENT) {
gst_element_post_message (GST_ELEMENT (timidity),
gst_message_new_segment_start (GST_OBJECT (timidity),
segment->format, segment->start));
}
gst_segment_free (segment);
timidity->o_segment_changed = FALSE;
return;
}
if (timidity->o_seek) {
/* perform a seek internally */
timidity->o_segment->last_stop = timidity->o_segment->time;
mid_song_seek (timidity->song,
(timidity->o_segment->last_stop * timidity->time_per_frame) /
GST_MSECOND);
}
out = gst_timidity_get_buffer (timidity);
if (!out) {
GST_LOG_OBJECT (timidity, "Song ended, generating eos");
gst_pad_push_event (timidity->srcpad, gst_event_new_eos ());
timidity->o_seek = FALSE;
goto paused;
}
if (timidity->o_seek) {
GST_BUFFER_FLAG_SET (out, GST_BUFFER_FLAG_DISCONT);
timidity->o_seek = FALSE;
}
gst_buffer_set_caps (out, timidity->out_caps);
ret = gst_pad_push (timidity->srcpad, out);
if (ret == GST_FLOW_UNEXPECTED)
goto eos;
else if (ret < GST_FLOW_UNEXPECTED || ret == GST_FLOW_NOT_LINKED)
goto error;
return;
paused:
{
GST_DEBUG_OBJECT (timidity, "pausing task");
gst_pad_pause_task (timidity->sinkpad);
return;
}
eos:
{
gst_pad_push_event (timidity->srcpad, gst_event_new_eos ());
goto paused;
}
error:
{
GST_ELEMENT_ERROR (timidity, STREAM, FAILED,
("Internal data stream error"),
("Streaming stopped, reason %s", gst_flow_get_name (ret)));
gst_pad_push_event (timidity->srcpad, gst_event_new_eos ());
goto paused;
}
}
static GstStateChangeReturn
gst_timidity_change_state (GstElement * element, GstStateChange transition)
{
GstStateChangeReturn ret = GST_STATE_CHANGE_SUCCESS;
GstTimidity *timidity = GST_TIMIDITY (element);
if (!timidity->initialized) {
GST_WARNING ("Timidity renderer is not initialized");
return GST_STATE_CHANGE_FAILURE;
}
switch (transition) {
case GST_STATE_CHANGE_NULL_TO_READY:
timidity->out_caps =
gst_caps_copy (gst_pad_get_pad_template_caps (timidity->srcpad));
timidity->mididata = NULL;
break;
case GST_STATE_CHANGE_READY_TO_PAUSED:
timidity->mididata_size = 0;
break;
case GST_STATE_CHANGE_PAUSED_TO_PLAYING:
break;
default:
break;
}
ret = GST_ELEMENT_CLASS (parent_class)->change_state (element, transition);
switch (transition) {
case GST_STATE_CHANGE_PLAYING_TO_PAUSED:
break;
case GST_STATE_CHANGE_PAUSED_TO_READY:
if (timidity->song)
mid_song_free (timidity->song);
timidity->song = NULL;
timidity->mididata_size = 0;
if (timidity->mididata) {
g_free (timidity->mididata);
timidity->mididata = NULL;
}
break;
case GST_STATE_CHANGE_READY_TO_NULL:
gst_caps_unref (timidity->out_caps);
break;
default:
break;
}
return ret;
}
static gboolean
plugin_init (GstPlugin * plugin)
{
GST_DEBUG_CATEGORY_INIT (gst_timidity_debug, "timidity",
0, "Timidity plugin");
return gst_element_register (plugin, "timidity",
GST_RANK_PRIMARY, GST_TYPE_TIMIDITY);
}
GST_PLUGIN_DEFINE (GST_VERSION_MAJOR,
GST_VERSION_MINOR,
"timidity",
"Timidity Plugin",
plugin_init, VERSION, "GPL", GST_PACKAGE_NAME, GST_PACKAGE_ORIGIN)