gstreamer/docs/manual/basics-bins.xml
Wim Taymans c6cc3bbca8 docs/manual/: Some Application Development Manual fixes thanks to
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* docs/manual/advanced-position.xml:
* docs/manual/basics-bins.xml:
* docs/manual/basics-bus.xml:
* docs/manual/basics-pads.xml:
* docs/manual/intro-gstreamer.xml:
* docs/manual/intro-preface.xml:
Some Application Development Manual fixes thanks to
Andrew Feren. Fixes #558459.
2008-11-04 11:55:08 +00:00

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XML

<chapter id="chapter-bins">
<title>Bins</title>
<para>
A bin is a container element. You can add elements to a bin. Since a
bin is an element itself, a bin can be handled in the same way as any
other element. Therefore, the whole previous chapter (<xref
linkend="chapter-elements"/>) applies to bins as well.
</para>
<sect1 id="section-bins">
<title>What are bins</title>
<para>
Bins allow you to combine a group of linked elements into one
logical element. You do not deal with the individual elements
anymore but with just one element, the bin. We will see that
this is extremely powerful when you are going to construct
complex pipelines since it allows you to break up the pipeline
in smaller chunks.
</para>
<para>
The bin will also manage the elements contained in it. It will
figure out how the data will flow in the bin and generate an
optimal plan for that data flow. Plan generation is one of the
most complicated procedures in &GStreamer;. You will learn more
about this process, called scheduling, in <xref
linkend="section-threads-scheduling"/>.
</para>
<figure float="1" id="section-bin-img">
<title>Visualisation of a bin with some elements in it</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata scale="75" fileref="images/bin-element.&image;" format="&IMAGE;"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>
There is one specialized type of bin available to the
&GStreamer; programmer:
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
A pipeline: a generic container that allows scheduling of the
containing elements. The toplevel bin has to be a pipeline,
every application thus needs at least one of these. Pipelines will
automatically run themselves in a background thread when started.
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="section-bin-create">
<title>Creating a bin</title>
<para>
Bins are created in the same way that other elements are created,
i.e. using an element factory. There are also convenience functions
available (<function>gst_bin_new ()</function> and
<function>gst_pipeline_new ()</function>).
To add elements to a bin or remove elements from a
bin, you can use <function>gst_bin_add ()</function> and
<function>gst_bin_remove ()</function>. Note that the bin that you
add an element to will take ownership of that element. If you
destroy the bin, the element will be dereferenced with it. If you
remove an element from a bin, it will be dereferenced automatically.
</para>
<programlisting><!-- example-begin bin.c a -->
#include &lt;gst/gst.h&gt;
int
main (int argc,
char *argv[])
{
GstElement *bin, *pipeline, *source, *sink;
/* init */
gst_init (&amp;argc, &amp;argv);
/* create */
pipeline = gst_pipeline_new ("my_pipeline");
bin = gst_bin_new ("my_bin");
source = gst_element_factory_make ("fakesrc", "source");
sink = gst_element_factory_make ("fakesink", "sink");
/* First add the elements to the bin */
gst_bin_add_many (GST_BIN (bin), source, sink, NULL);
/* add the bin to the pipeline */
gst_bin_add (GST_BIN (pipeline), bin);
/* link the elements */
gst_element_link (source, sink);
<!-- example-end bin.c a -->
[..]<!-- example-begin bin.c b --><!--
return 0;
--><!-- example-end bin.c b -->
<!-- example-begin bin.c c -->
}
<!-- example-end bin.c c --></programlisting>
<para>
There are various functions to lookup elements in a bin. You can
also get a list of all elements that a bin contains using the function
<function>gst_bin_get_list ()</function>. See the API references of
<ulink type="http"
url="&URLAPI;GstBin.html"><classname>GstBin</classname></ulink>
for details.
</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="section-bin-custom">
<title>Custom bins</title>
<para>
The application programmer can create custom bins packed with elements
to perform a specific task. This allows you, for example, to write
an Ogg/Vorbis decoder with just the following lines of code:
</para>
<programlisting>
int
main (int argc,
char *argv[])
{
GstElement *player;
/* init */
gst_init (&amp;argc, &amp;argv);
/* create player */
player = gst_element_factory_make ("oggvorbisplayer", "player");
/* set the source audio file */
g_object_set (player, "location", "helloworld.ogg", NULL);
/* start playback */
gst_element_set_state (GST_ELEMENT (player), GST_STATE_PLAYING);
[..]
}
</programlisting>
<para>
Custom bins can be created with a plugin or an XML description. You
will find more information about creating custom bin in the <ulink
type="http"
url="http://gstreamer.freedesktop.org/data/doc/gstreamer/head/pwg/html/index.html">Plugin
Writers Guide</ulink>.
</para>
<para>
Examples of such custom bins are the playbin and decodebin elements from<ulink
type="http"
url="http://gstreamer.freedesktop.org/data/doc/gstreamer/head/gst-plugins-base-plugins/html/index.html">
gst-plugins-base</ulink>.
</para>
</sect1>
</chapter>