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326d36b8d8
Original commit message from CVS: Added state change code. Added/updated docs. Added sink base class, make fakesink extend the base class. Small cleanups in GstPipeline.
152 lines
5.5 KiB
Text
152 lines
5.5 KiB
Text
Negotiation
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-----------
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Negotiation happens when elements want to push buffers and need to decide
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on the format. This is called downstream negotiation because the upstream
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element decides the format for the downstream element. This is the most
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common case.
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Negotiation can also happen when a downstream element wants to receive
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another data format from an upstream element. This is called upstream
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negotiation.
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The basics of negotiation are as follows:
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- GstCaps (see part-caps.txt) are attached and refcounted before they
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are attached to a buffer to describe the contents of the buffer.
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It is possible to add a NULL caps to a buffer, this means that the
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buffer type did not change relative to the previous buffer. If no
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previous buffer was received by a downstream element, it is free to
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discard the buffer.
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- Before receiving a buffer, an element must check if the datatype of
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the buffer has changed. The element should reconfigure itself to the
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new format before processing the buffer data. If the data type on
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the buffer is not acceptable, the element should refuse the buffer.
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- When requesting a buffer from a bufferpool, the prefered type should
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be passed to the buffer allocation function. After receiving a buffer
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from a bufferpool, the datatype should be checked again.
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- A bufferpool allocation function should try to allocate a buffer of the
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prefered type. If there is a good reason to choose another type, the
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alloc function should see if that other type is accepted by the other
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element, then allocate a buffer of that type and attach the type to the
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buffer before returning it.
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The general flow for a source pad starting the negotiation.
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src sink
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| accepts? |
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type A |---------------->|
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| yes |
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|<----------------|
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get buffer | alloc_buf |
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from pool |---------------->|
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with type A | | Create buffer of type A.
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| |
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check type |<----------------|
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and use A | |
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| push |
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push buffer |---------------->| Receive type A, reconfigure to
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with new type| | process type A.
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One possible implementation in pseudo code:
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[element wants to create a buffer]
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if not format
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# see what the peer can do
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peercaps = gst_pad_peer_get_caps (srcpad)
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# see what we can do
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ourcaps = gst_pad_get_caps (srcpad)
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# get common formats
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candidates = gst_caps_intersect (peercaps, ourcaps)
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foreach candidate in candidates
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# make sure the caps is fixed
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fixedcaps = gst_pad_fixate_caps (srcpad, candidate)
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# see if the peer accepts it
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if gst_pad_peer_accept_caps (srcpad, fixedcaps)
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# store the caps as the negotiated caps, this will
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# call the setcaps function on the pad
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gst_pad_set_caps (srcpad, fixedcaps)
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break
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endif
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done
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endif
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# if the type is different, this will call the setcaps function of
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# the pad.
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buffer = gst_pad_alloc_buffer (srcpad, 0, size, GST_PAD_CAPS (fixedcaps));
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if buffer
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[fill buffer and push]
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elseif
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[no buffer, either no peer or no acceptable format found]
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endif
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The general flow for a sink pad starting a renegotiation.
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src sink
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| accepts? |
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|<----------------| type B
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| yes |
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|---------------->|
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get buffer | alloc_buf |
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from pool |---------------->|
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with type | | Create buffer of new type B.
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check type |<----------------|
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and | |
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reconfigure | |
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| push |
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push buffer |---------------->| Receive type B, reconfigure to
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with new type| | process type B.
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Use case:
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videotestsrc ! xvimagesink
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1) Who decides what format to use?
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- src pad always decides, by convention. sinkpad can suggest a format
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by putting it high in the getcaps function GstCaps.
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- since the src decides, it can always choose something that it can do,
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so this step can only fail if the sinkpad stated it could accept
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something while later on it couldn't.
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2) When does negotiation happen?
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- before srcpad does a push, it figures out a type as stated in 1), then
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it calls the pad alloc function with the type. The sinkpad has to
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create a buffer of that type, src fills the buffer and sends it to sink.
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- since the sink stated in 1) it could accept the type, it will be able to
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create a buffer of the type and handle it.
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- sink checks media type of buffer and configures itself for this type.
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3) How can sink request another format?
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- sink asks if new format is possible for the source.
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- sink returns buffer with new type in allocfunction.
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- src receives buffer with new type, reconfigures and pushes.
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- sink can always select something it can create and handle since it takes
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the initiative. src should be able to handle the new type since it said
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it could accept it.
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videotestsrc ! queue ! xvimagesink
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- queue implements an allocfunction, proxying all calls to its srcpad peer.
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- queue proxies all accept and getcaps to the other peer pad.
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- queue contains buffers with different types.
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