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Original commit message from CVS: * check/gst/gstvalue.c: (GST_START_TEST), (gst_value_suite): Added subtract checks. * docs/design/part-events.txt: Some more docs about newsegment * gst/gstbin.c: (gst_bin_change_state), (bin_bus_handler): Fix FIXME * gst/gstcaps.c: (gst_caps_to_string): Add comments, cleanups. * gst/gstelement.c: (gst_element_save_thyself): cleanups * gst/gstvalue.c: (gst_value_collect_int_range), (gst_string_unwrap), (gst_value_union_int_int_range), (gst_value_union_int_range_int_range), (gst_value_intersect_int_int_range), (gst_value_intersect_int_range_int_range), (gst_value_intersect_double_double_range), (gst_value_intersect_double_range_double_range), (gst_value_intersect_list), (gst_value_subtract_int_int_range), (gst_value_subtract_int_range_int), (gst_value_subtract_double_range_double), (gst_value_subtract_double_range_double_range), (gst_value_subtract_from_list), (gst_value_subtract_list), (gst_value_can_compare), (gst_value_compare_fraction): Cleanups, add comments, remove unneeded asserts.
200 lines
8.3 KiB
Text
200 lines
8.3 KiB
Text
Events
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------
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Events are objects passed around in parallel to the buffer dataflow to
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notify elements of various events.
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Events are received on pads using the event function. Some events should
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be interleaved with the data stream so they require taking the STREAM_LOCK,
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others don't.
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Different types of events exist to implement various functionalities.
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GST_EVENT_FLUSH_START: data is to be discarded
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GST_EVENT_FLUSH_STOP: data is allowed again
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GST_EVENT_EOS: no more data is to be expected on a pad.
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GST_EVENT_NEWSEGMENT: A new group of buffers with common start time
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GST_EVENT_TAG: Stream metadata.
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GST_EVENT_FILLER: Filler for sparse data streams
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GST_EVENT_QOS: A notification of the quality of service of the stream
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GST_EVENT_SEEK: A seek should be performed to a new position in the stream
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GST_EVENT_NAVIGATION: A navigation event.
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FLUSH_START/STOP
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----------------
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A flush event is sent both downstream and upstream to clear any pending data
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from the pipeline. This might be needed to make the graph more responsive
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when the normal dataflow gets interrupted by for example a seek event.
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Flushing happens in two stages.
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1) a source filter sends the FLUSH_START event to the downstream peer element. The
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downstream element starts rejecting buffers from the upstream elements. It
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sends the flush event further downstream and discards any buffers it is
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holding as well as return from the chain function as soon as possible.
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This makes sure that all upstream elements get unblocked.
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This event is not synchronized with the STREAM_LOCK and can be done in the
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application thread.
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2) a source filter sends the FLUSH_STOP event to indicate
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that the downstream element can accept buffers again. The downstream
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element sends the flush event to its peer elements. After this step dataflow
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continues. The FLUSH_STOP call is synchronized with the STREAM_LOCK so any
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data used by the chain function can safely freed here if needed. Any
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pending EOS events should be discarded too.
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After the flush completes the second stage, data is flowing again in the pipeline
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and all buffers are more recent than those before the flush.
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For elements that use the pullregion function, they send both flush events to
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the upstream pads in the same way top make sure that the pullregion function
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unlocks and any pending buffers are cleared in the upstream elements.
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EOS
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---
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The EOS event can only be sent on a sinkpad. It is typically emited by the
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source element when it has finished sending data. This event is mainly sent
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in the streaming thread but can also be sent from the application thread.
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An EOS event sent on a srcpad returns GST_FLOW_UNEXPECTED.
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The downstream element should forward the EOS event to its downstream peer
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elements. This way the event will eventually reach the renderers which should
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then post an EOS message on the bus.
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For elements with multiple sink pads it might be possible to wait for EOS on
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all the pads before forwarding the event.
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The EOS event should always be interleaved with the data flow, therefore the
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STREAM_LOCK should be taken.
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Sometimes the EOS event is generated by another element than the source, for
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example a demuxer element can generate an EOS event before the source element.
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This is not a problem, the demuxer does not send an EOS event to the upstream
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element but returns GST_FLOW_UNEXPECTED, causing the source element to stop
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sending data.
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An element that sends EOS on a pad should stop sending data on that pad. Source
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elements typically pause() their task for that purpose.
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By default, the pipeline collects all EOS events from all the sinks before
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passing the EOS message to the application.
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The EOS is only posted on the bus by the sink elements in the PLAYING state. If
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the EOS event is received in the PAUSED state, it is queued until the element
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goes to PLAYING.
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NEWSEGMENT
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-------------
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A newsegment event is sent downstream by an element to indicate that the following
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group of buffers start and end at the specified positions. The newsegment event
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also contains the playback speed of the stream.
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Since the stream time is always set to 0 at start and after a seek, a 0
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point for all next buffer's timestamps has to be propagated through the
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pipeline using the NEWSEGMENT event.
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Before sending buffers, an element must send a NEWSEGMENT event. An element is
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free to refuse buffers if they were not preceeded by a NEWSEGMENT event.
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Elements that sync to the clock should store the NEWSEGMENT start and end values
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and substract the start value from the buffer timestamp before comparing
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it against the stream time (see part-clocks.txt).
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An element is allowed to send out buffers with the NEWSEGMENT start time already
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substracted from the timestamp. If it does so, it needs to send a corrected
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NEWSEGMENT downstream, ie, one with start time 0.
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A NEWSEGMENT event should be generated as soon as possible in the pipeline and
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is usually generated by a demuxer or source. The event is generated before
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pushing the first buffer and after a seek, right before pushing the new buffer.
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The NEWSEGMENT event can be send from both the application and the streaming
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thread and should be serialized with the buffers.
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Buffers should be clipped within the range indicated by the newsegment event
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start and stop values. Sinks are allowed to drop buffers with timestamps out
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of the indicated newsegment range.
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If a newsegment arrives at an element not preceeded by a flush event, the
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streamtime of the pipeline will not be reset to 0 so any element that syncs
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to the clock must use the stop times of the previous newsegment events to
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make the buffer timestamps increasing.
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SEEK
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----
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A seek event is issued by the application to start playback of a new
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position in the stream. It is called form the application thread and
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travels upstream.
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The seek event contains the new start and end position of playback
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after the seek is performed. Optionally the end position can be left
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at -1 to continue playback to the end of the stream. The seek event
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also contains the new playback rate of the stream, 1.0 is normal playback,
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2.0 double speed and negative values mean backwards playback.
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A seek usually flushes the graph to minimize latency after the seek this
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behaviour is triggered by using the SEEK_FLUSH flag.
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The seek event is passed along from element to element until it reaches
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an element that can perform the seek. No intermediate element is allowed
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to assume that a seek to this location will happen. It is allowed to
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modify the start and stop times if it needs to do so. this is typically
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the case if a seek is requested for a non-time position.
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The actual seek is performed in the application thread so that success
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or failure can be reported as a return value of the seek event. It is
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therefore important that before executing the seek, the element acquires
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the STREAM_LOCK so that the streaming thread and the seek gets serialized.
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The general flow of executing the seek with FLUSH is as follows:
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1) unblock the streaming threads, they could be blocked in a chain
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function. This is done by sending a FLUSH_START on all srcpads.
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The flush will make sure that all downstream elements unlock and
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that control will return to this element chain/loop function.
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We cannot lock the STREAM_LOCK before doing this since it might
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cause a deadlock.
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2) lock the STREAM_LOCK. This will work since the chain/loop function
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was unlocked in step 1).
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3) perform the seek. since the STREAM_LOCK is held, the streaming thread
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will wait for the seek to complete. Most likely, the stream thread
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will pause because the peer elements are flushing.
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4) send a FLUSH_STOP event to all peer elements to allow streaming again.
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5) send a NEWSEGMENT event to signal the new buffer timestamp base time.
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6) start stopped tasks and unlock the STREAM_LOCK, dataflow will continue
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now from the new position.
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More information about the different seek types can be found in
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part-seeking.txt.
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NAVIGATION
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----------
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A navigation event is generated by a sink element to signal the elements
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of a navigation event such as a mouse movement or button click.
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Navigation events travel upstream.
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TAG
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---
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The tag event is sent downstream when an element has discovered metadata
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tags in a media file. Encoders can use this event to adjust their tagging
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system. A tag is serialized with buffers.
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