gstreamer/ges/ges-track-element.c
Christoph Reiter a66e674649 Include class related section documentation in the gir file.
g-ir-scanner includes section docs as class/interface docs if the section name is equal to the lowercase type name.
Since all the documentation is in section blocks, rename them to match the type names.

https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=727776
2014-04-07 22:13:25 +02:00

1696 lines
49 KiB
C

/* GStreamer Editing Services
* Copyright (C) 2009 Edward Hervey <edward.hervey@collabora.co.uk>
* 2009 Nokia Corporation
*
* This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
* modify it under the terms of the GNU Library General Public
* License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
* version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
*
* This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
* Library General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU Library General Public
* License along with this library; if not, write to the
* Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor,
* Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
*/
/**
* SECTION:gestrackelement
* @short_description: Base Class for objects contained in a GESTrack
*
* #GESTrackElement is the Base Class for any object that can be contained in a
* #GESTrack.
*
* It contains the basic information as to the location of the object within
* its container, like the start position, the inpoint, the duration and the
* priority.
*/
#include "ges-utils.h"
#include "ges-internal.h"
#include "ges-extractable.h"
#include "ges-track-element.h"
#include "ges-clip.h"
#include "ges-meta-container.h"
#include <gobject/gvaluecollector.h>
G_DEFINE_ABSTRACT_TYPE (GESTrackElement, ges_track_element,
GES_TYPE_TIMELINE_ELEMENT);
struct _GESTrackElementPrivate
{
GESTrackType track_type;
/* These fields are only used before the gnlobject is available */
guint64 pending_start;
guint64 pending_inpoint;
guint64 pending_duration;
guint32 pending_priority;
gboolean pending_active;
GstElement *gnlobject; /* The GnlObject */
GstElement *element; /* The element contained in the gnlobject (can be NULL) */
/* We keep a link between properties name and elements internally
* The hashtable should look like
* {GParamaSpec ---> element,}*/
GHashTable *children_props;
GESTrack *track;
gboolean valid;
gboolean locked; /* If TRUE, then moves in sync with its controlling
* GESClip */
GHashTable *bindings_hashtable; /* We need this if we want to be able to serialize
and deserialize keyframes */
GList *pending_bindings;
};
typedef struct
{
GESTrackElement *element;
GstControlSource *source;
gchar *propname;
gchar *binding_type;
} PendingBinding;
enum
{
PROP_0,
PROP_ACTIVE,
PROP_TRACK_TYPE,
PROP_TRACK,
PROP_LAST
};
static GParamSpec *properties[PROP_LAST];
enum
{
DEEP_NOTIFY,
LAST_SIGNAL
};
static guint ges_track_element_signals[LAST_SIGNAL] = { 0 };
static GstElement *ges_track_element_create_gnl_object_func (GESTrackElement *
object);
static void connect_properties_signals (GESTrackElement * object);
static void connect_signal (gpointer key, gpointer value, gpointer user_data);
static void gst_element_prop_changed_cb (GstElement * element, GParamSpec * arg
G_GNUC_UNUSED, GESTrackElement * track_element);
static gboolean _set_start (GESTimelineElement * element, GstClockTime start);
static gboolean _set_inpoint (GESTimelineElement * element,
GstClockTime inpoint);
static gboolean _set_duration (GESTimelineElement * element,
GstClockTime duration);
static gboolean _set_priority (GESTimelineElement * element, guint32 priority);
static GParamSpec **default_list_children_properties (GESTrackElement * object,
guint * n_properties);
static void
_update_control_bindings (GESTimelineElement * element, GstClockTime inpoint,
GstClockTime duration);
static void
ges_track_element_get_property (GObject * object, guint property_id,
GValue * value, GParamSpec * pspec)
{
GESTrackElement *track_element = GES_TRACK_ELEMENT (object);
switch (property_id) {
case PROP_ACTIVE:
g_value_set_boolean (value, ges_track_element_is_active (track_element));
break;
case PROP_TRACK_TYPE:
g_value_set_flags (value, track_element->priv->track_type);
break;
case PROP_TRACK:
g_value_set_object (value, track_element->priv->track);
break;
default:
G_OBJECT_WARN_INVALID_PROPERTY_ID (object, property_id, pspec);
}
}
static void
ges_track_element_set_property (GObject * object, guint property_id,
const GValue * value, GParamSpec * pspec)
{
GESTrackElement *track_element = GES_TRACK_ELEMENT (object);
switch (property_id) {
case PROP_ACTIVE:
ges_track_element_set_active (track_element, g_value_get_boolean (value));
break;
case PROP_TRACK_TYPE:
track_element->priv->track_type = g_value_get_flags (value);
break;
default:
G_OBJECT_WARN_INVALID_PROPERTY_ID (object, property_id, pspec);
}
}
static void
ges_track_element_dispose (GObject * object)
{
GESTrackElement *element = GES_TRACK_ELEMENT (object);
GESTrackElementPrivate *priv = element->priv;
g_hash_table_destroy (priv->children_props);
if (priv->bindings_hashtable)
g_hash_table_destroy (priv->bindings_hashtable);
if (priv->gnlobject) {
GstState cstate;
if (priv->track != NULL) {
g_error ("%p Still in %p, this means that you forgot"
" to remove it from the GESTrack it is contained in. You always need"
" to remove a GESTrackElement from its track before dropping the last"
" reference\n"
"This problem may also be caused by a refcounting bug in"
" the application or GES itself.", object, priv->track);
gst_element_get_state (priv->gnlobject, &cstate, NULL, 0);
if (cstate != GST_STATE_NULL)
gst_element_set_state (priv->gnlobject, GST_STATE_NULL);
}
g_object_set_qdata (G_OBJECT (priv->gnlobject),
GNL_OBJECT_TRACK_ELEMENT_QUARK, NULL);
gst_object_unref (priv->gnlobject);
priv->gnlobject = NULL;
}
G_OBJECT_CLASS (ges_track_element_parent_class)->dispose (object);
}
static void
ges_track_element_finalize (GObject * object)
{
G_OBJECT_CLASS (ges_track_element_parent_class)->finalize (object);
}
static void
ges_track_element_class_init (GESTrackElementClass * klass)
{
GObjectClass *object_class = G_OBJECT_CLASS (klass);
GESTimelineElementClass *element_class = GES_TIMELINE_ELEMENT_CLASS (klass);
g_type_class_add_private (klass, sizeof (GESTrackElementPrivate));
object_class->get_property = ges_track_element_get_property;
object_class->set_property = ges_track_element_set_property;
object_class->dispose = ges_track_element_dispose;
object_class->finalize = ges_track_element_finalize;
/**
* GESTrackElement:active:
*
* Whether the object should be taken into account in the #GESTrack output.
* If #FALSE, then its contents will not be used in the resulting track.
*/
properties[PROP_ACTIVE] =
g_param_spec_boolean ("active", "Active", "Use object in output", TRUE,
G_PARAM_READWRITE);
g_object_class_install_property (object_class, PROP_ACTIVE,
properties[PROP_ACTIVE]);
properties[PROP_TRACK_TYPE] = g_param_spec_flags ("track-type", "Track Type",
"The track type of the object", GES_TYPE_TRACK_TYPE,
GES_TRACK_TYPE_UNKNOWN, G_PARAM_READWRITE | G_PARAM_CONSTRUCT);
g_object_class_install_property (object_class, PROP_TRACK_TYPE,
properties[PROP_TRACK_TYPE]);
properties[PROP_TRACK] = g_param_spec_object ("track", "Track",
"The track the object is in", GES_TYPE_TRACK, G_PARAM_READABLE);
g_object_class_install_property (object_class, PROP_TRACK,
properties[PROP_TRACK]);
/**
* GESTrackElement::deep-notify:
* @track_element: a #GESTrackElement
* @prop_object: the object that originated the signal
* @prop: the property that changed
*
* The deep notify signal is used to be notified of property changes of all
* the childs of @track_element
*/
ges_track_element_signals[DEEP_NOTIFY] =
g_signal_new ("deep-notify", G_TYPE_FROM_CLASS (klass),
G_SIGNAL_RUN_FIRST | G_SIGNAL_NO_RECURSE | G_SIGNAL_DETAILED |
G_SIGNAL_NO_HOOKS, 0, NULL, NULL, g_cclosure_marshal_generic,
G_TYPE_NONE, 2, GST_TYPE_ELEMENT, G_TYPE_PARAM);
element_class->set_start = _set_start;
element_class->set_duration = _set_duration;
element_class->set_inpoint = _set_inpoint;
element_class->set_priority = _set_priority;
element_class->deep_copy = ges_track_element_copy_properties;
klass->create_gnl_object = ges_track_element_create_gnl_object_func;
klass->list_children_properties = default_list_children_properties;
}
static void
ges_track_element_init (GESTrackElement * self)
{
GESTrackElementPrivate *priv = self->priv = G_TYPE_INSTANCE_GET_PRIVATE (self,
GES_TYPE_TRACK_ELEMENT, GESTrackElementPrivate);
/* Sane default values */
priv->pending_start = 0;
priv->pending_inpoint = 0;
priv->pending_duration = GST_SECOND;
priv->pending_priority = MIN_GNL_PRIO;
priv->pending_active = TRUE;
priv->bindings_hashtable = g_hash_table_new_full (g_str_hash, g_str_equal,
g_free, NULL);
priv->children_props =
g_hash_table_new_full ((GHashFunc) ges_pspec_hash, ges_pspec_equal,
(GDestroyNotify) g_param_spec_unref, gst_object_unref);
}
static gfloat
interpolate_values_for_position (GstTimedValue * first_value,
GstTimedValue * second_value, guint64 position)
{
gfloat diff;
GstClockTime interval;
gfloat value_at_pos;
diff = second_value->value - first_value->value;
interval = second_value->timestamp - first_value->timestamp;
if (position > first_value->timestamp)
value_at_pos =
first_value->value + ((float) (position -
first_value->timestamp) / (float) interval) * diff;
else
value_at_pos =
first_value->value - ((float) (first_value->timestamp -
position) / (float) interval) * diff;
value_at_pos = CLAMP (value_at_pos, 0.0, 1.0);
return value_at_pos;
}
static void
_update_control_bindings (GESTimelineElement * element, GstClockTime inpoint,
GstClockTime duration)
{
GParamSpec **specs;
guint n, n_specs;
GstControlBinding *binding;
GstTimedValueControlSource *source;
GESTrackElement *self = GES_TRACK_ELEMENT (element);
specs = ges_track_element_list_children_properties (self, &n_specs);
for (n = 0; n < n_specs; ++n) {
GList *values, *tmp;
GstTimedValue *last, *first, *prev = NULL, *next = NULL;
gfloat value_at_pos;
binding = ges_track_element_get_control_binding (self, specs[n]->name);
if (!binding)
continue;
g_object_get (binding, "control_source", &source, NULL);
if (duration == 0) {
gst_timed_value_control_source_unset_all (GST_TIMED_VALUE_CONTROL_SOURCE
(source));
continue;
}
values =
gst_timed_value_control_source_get_all (GST_TIMED_VALUE_CONTROL_SOURCE
(source));
if (g_list_length (values) == 0)
continue;
first = values->data;
for (tmp = values->next; tmp; tmp = tmp->next) {
next = tmp->data;
if (next->timestamp > inpoint)
break;
}
value_at_pos = interpolate_values_for_position (first, next, inpoint);
gst_timed_value_control_source_unset (source, first->timestamp);
gst_timed_value_control_source_set (source, inpoint, value_at_pos);
values =
gst_timed_value_control_source_get_all (GST_TIMED_VALUE_CONTROL_SOURCE
(source));
if (duration != GST_CLOCK_TIME_NONE) {
last = g_list_last (values)->data;
for (tmp = g_list_last (values)->prev; tmp; tmp = tmp->prev) {
prev = tmp->data;
if (prev->timestamp < duration + inpoint)
break;
}
value_at_pos =
interpolate_values_for_position (prev, last, duration + inpoint);
gst_timed_value_control_source_unset (source, last->timestamp);
gst_timed_value_control_source_set (source, duration + inpoint,
value_at_pos);
values =
gst_timed_value_control_source_get_all (GST_TIMED_VALUE_CONTROL_SOURCE
(source));
}
for (tmp = values; tmp; tmp = tmp->next) {
GstTimedValue *value = tmp->data;
if (value->timestamp < inpoint)
gst_timed_value_control_source_unset (source, value->timestamp);
else if (duration != GST_CLOCK_TIME_NONE
&& value->timestamp > duration + inpoint)
gst_timed_value_control_source_unset (source, value->timestamp);
}
}
g_free (specs);
}
static gboolean
_set_start (GESTimelineElement * element, GstClockTime start)
{
GESTrackElement *object = GES_TRACK_ELEMENT (element);
if (object->priv->gnlobject != NULL) {
if (G_UNLIKELY (start == _START (object)))
return FALSE;
g_object_set (object->priv->gnlobject, "start", start, NULL);
} else
object->priv->pending_start = start;
return TRUE;
}
static gboolean
_set_inpoint (GESTimelineElement * element, GstClockTime inpoint)
{
GESTrackElement *object = GES_TRACK_ELEMENT (element);
if (object->priv->gnlobject != NULL) {
if (G_UNLIKELY (inpoint == _INPOINT (object)))
return FALSE;
g_object_set (object->priv->gnlobject, "inpoint", inpoint, NULL);
} else
object->priv->pending_inpoint = inpoint;
_update_control_bindings (element, inpoint, GST_CLOCK_TIME_NONE);
return TRUE;
}
static gboolean
_set_duration (GESTimelineElement * element, GstClockTime duration)
{
GESTrackElement *object = GES_TRACK_ELEMENT (element);
GESTrackElementPrivate *priv = object->priv;
if (GST_CLOCK_TIME_IS_VALID (_MAXDURATION (element)) &&
duration > _INPOINT (object) + _MAXDURATION (element))
duration = _MAXDURATION (element) - _INPOINT (object);
if (priv->gnlobject != NULL) {
if (G_UNLIKELY (duration == _DURATION (object)))
return FALSE;
g_object_set (priv->gnlobject, "duration", duration, NULL);
} else
priv->pending_duration = duration;
_update_control_bindings (element, ges_timeline_element_get_inpoint (element),
duration);
return TRUE;
}
static gboolean
_set_priority (GESTimelineElement * element, guint32 priority)
{
GESTrackElement *object = GES_TRACK_ELEMENT (element);
if (priority < MIN_GNL_PRIO) {
GST_INFO_OBJECT (element, "Priority (%d) < MIN_GNL_PRIO, setting it to %d",
priority, MIN_GNL_PRIO);
priority = MIN_GNL_PRIO;
}
GST_DEBUG ("object:%p, priority:%" G_GUINT32_FORMAT, object, priority);
if (object->priv->gnlobject != NULL) {
if (G_UNLIKELY (priority == _PRIORITY (object)))
return FALSE;
g_object_set (object->priv->gnlobject, "priority", priority, NULL);
} else
object->priv->pending_priority = priority;
return TRUE;
}
/**
* ges_track_element_set_active:
* @object: a #GESTrackElement
* @active: visibility
*
* Sets the usage of the @object. If @active is %TRUE, the object will be used for
* playback and rendering, else it will be ignored.
*
* Returns: %TRUE if the property was toggled, else %FALSE
*/
gboolean
ges_track_element_set_active (GESTrackElement * object, gboolean active)
{
g_return_val_if_fail (GES_IS_TRACK_ELEMENT (object), FALSE);
GST_DEBUG_OBJECT (object, "object:%p, active:%d", object, active);
if (object->priv->gnlobject != NULL) {
if (G_UNLIKELY (active == object->active))
return FALSE;
g_object_set (object->priv->gnlobject, "active", active, NULL);
if (active != object->active) {
object->active = active;
if (GES_TRACK_ELEMENT_GET_CLASS (object)->active_changed)
GES_TRACK_ELEMENT_GET_CLASS (object)->active_changed (object, active);
}
} else
object->priv->pending_active = active;
return TRUE;
}
void
ges_track_element_set_track_type (GESTrackElement * object, GESTrackType type)
{
g_return_if_fail (GES_IS_TRACK_ELEMENT (object));
if (object->priv->track_type != type) {
object->priv->track_type = type;
g_object_notify_by_pspec (G_OBJECT (object), properties[PROP_TRACK_TYPE]);
}
}
GESTrackType
ges_track_element_get_track_type (GESTrackElement * object)
{
g_return_val_if_fail (GES_IS_TRACK_ELEMENT (object), GES_TRACK_TYPE_UNKNOWN);
return object->priv->track_type;
}
static void
gst_element_prop_changed_cb (GstElement * element, GParamSpec * arg
G_GNUC_UNUSED, GESTrackElement * track_element)
{
g_signal_emit (track_element, ges_track_element_signals[DEEP_NOTIFY], 0,
GST_ELEMENT (element), arg);
}
static void
connect_signal (gpointer key, gpointer value, gpointer user_data)
{
gchar *signame = g_strconcat ("notify::", G_PARAM_SPEC (key)->name, NULL);
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (value),
signame, G_CALLBACK (gst_element_prop_changed_cb),
GES_TRACK_ELEMENT (user_data));
g_free (signame);
}
static void
connect_properties_signals (GESTrackElement * object)
{
g_hash_table_foreach (object->priv->children_props,
(GHFunc) connect_signal, object);
}
/* default 'create_gnl_object' virtual method implementation */
static GstElement *
ges_track_element_create_gnl_object_func (GESTrackElement * self)
{
GESTrackElementClass *klass = NULL;
GstElement *child = NULL;
GstElement *gnlobject;
klass = GES_TRACK_ELEMENT_GET_CLASS (self);
if (G_UNLIKELY (self->priv->gnlobject != NULL))
goto already_have_gnlobject;
if (G_UNLIKELY (klass->gnlobject_factorytype == NULL))
goto no_gnlfactory;
GST_DEBUG ("Creating a supporting gnlobject of type '%s'",
klass->gnlobject_factorytype);
gnlobject = gst_element_factory_make (klass->gnlobject_factorytype, NULL);
if (G_UNLIKELY (gnlobject == NULL))
goto no_gnlobject;
if (klass->create_element) {
GST_DEBUG ("Calling subclass 'create_element' vmethod");
child = klass->create_element (self);
if (G_UNLIKELY (!child))
goto child_failure;
if (!gst_bin_add (GST_BIN (gnlobject), child))
goto add_failure;
GST_DEBUG ("Succesfully got the element to put in the gnlobject");
self->priv->element = child;
}
GST_DEBUG ("done");
return gnlobject;
/* ERROR CASES */
already_have_gnlobject:
{
GST_ERROR ("Already controlling a GnlObject %s",
GST_ELEMENT_NAME (self->priv->gnlobject));
return NULL;
}
no_gnlfactory:
{
GST_ERROR ("No GESTrackElement::gnlobject_factorytype implementation!");
return NULL;
}
no_gnlobject:
{
GST_ERROR ("Error creating a gnlobject of type '%s'",
klass->gnlobject_factorytype);
return NULL;
}
child_failure:
{
GST_ERROR ("create_element returned NULL");
gst_object_unref (gnlobject);
return NULL;
}
add_failure:
{
GST_ERROR ("Error adding the contents to the gnlobject");
gst_object_unref (child);
gst_object_unref (gnlobject);
return NULL;
}
}
static gboolean
ensure_gnl_object (GESTrackElement * object)
{
GESTrackElementClass *class;
GstElement *gnlobject;
gboolean res = TRUE;
if (object->priv->gnlobject && object->priv->valid)
return FALSE;
/* 1. Create the GnlObject */
GST_DEBUG ("Creating GnlObject");
class = GES_TRACK_ELEMENT_GET_CLASS (object);
if (G_UNLIKELY (class->create_gnl_object == NULL)) {
GST_ERROR ("No 'create_gnl_object' implementation !");
goto done;
}
GST_DEBUG ("Calling virtual method");
/* 2. Fill in the GnlObject */
if (object->priv->gnlobject == NULL) {
/* call the create_gnl_object virtual method */
gnlobject = class->create_gnl_object (object);
if (G_UNLIKELY (gnlobject == NULL)) {
GST_ERROR
("'create_gnl_object' implementation returned TRUE but no GnlObject is available");
goto done;
}
GST_DEBUG_OBJECT (object, "Got a valid GnlObject, now filling it in");
object->priv->gnlobject = gst_object_ref (gnlobject);
g_object_set_qdata (G_OBJECT (gnlobject), GNL_OBJECT_TRACK_ELEMENT_QUARK,
object);
/* Set some properties on the GnlObject */
g_object_set (object->priv->gnlobject,
"duration", object->priv->pending_duration,
"start", object->priv->pending_start,
"inpoint", object->priv->pending_inpoint,
"priority", object->priv->pending_priority,
"active", object->priv->pending_active, NULL);
/* Pendings values are not pending anymore */
GES_TIMELINE_ELEMENT_START (object) = object->priv->pending_start;
GES_TIMELINE_ELEMENT_INPOINT (object) = object->priv->pending_inpoint;
GES_TIMELINE_ELEMENT_DURATION (object) = object->priv->pending_duration;
GES_TIMELINE_ELEMENT_PRIORITY (object) = object->priv->pending_priority;
object->active = object->priv->pending_active;
if (object->priv->track != NULL)
g_object_set (object->priv->gnlobject,
"caps", ges_track_get_caps (object->priv->track), NULL);
}
done:
object->priv->valid = res;
GST_DEBUG ("Returning res:%d", res);
return res;
}
static gboolean
strv_find_str (const gchar ** strv, const char *str)
{
guint i;
if (strv == NULL)
return FALSE;
for (i = 0; strv[i]; i++) {
if (g_strcmp0 (strv[i], str) == 0)
return TRUE;
}
return FALSE;
}
/**
* ges_track_element_add_children_props:
* @self: The #GESTrackElement to set chidlren props on
* @element: The GstElement to retrieve properties from
* @wanted_categories: (array zero-terminated=1) (transfer none) (allow-none):
* An array of categories of GstElement to
* take into account (as defined in the factory meta "klass" field)
* @blacklist: (array zero-terminated=1) (transfer none) (allow-none): A
* blacklist of elements factory names to not take into account
* @whitelist: (array zero-terminated=1) (transfer none) (allow-none): A list
* of propery names to add as children properties
*
* Looks for the properties defines with the various parametters and add
* them to the hashtable of children properties.
*
* To be used by subclasses only
*/
void
ges_track_element_add_children_props (GESTrackElement * self,
GstElement * element, const gchar ** wanted_categories,
const gchar ** blacklist, const gchar ** whitelist)
{
GValue item = { 0, };
GstIterator *it;
GParamSpec **parray;
GObjectClass *class;
const gchar *klass;
GstElementFactory *factory;
gboolean done = FALSE;
if (!GST_IS_BIN (element)) {
guint i;
GParamSpec *pspec;
GObjectClass *class = G_OBJECT_GET_CLASS (element);
for (i = 0; whitelist[i]; i++) {
pspec = g_object_class_find_property (class, whitelist[i]);
if (!pspec) {
GST_WARNING ("no such property : %s in element : %s", whitelist[i],
gst_element_get_name (element));
continue;
}
if (pspec->flags & G_PARAM_WRITABLE) {
g_hash_table_insert (self->priv->children_props,
g_param_spec_ref (pspec), gst_object_ref (element));
GST_LOG_OBJECT (self,
"added property %s to controllable properties successfully !",
whitelist[i]);
} else
GST_WARNING
("the property %s for element %s exists but is not writable",
whitelist[i], gst_element_get_name (element));
}
connect_properties_signals (self);
return;
}
/* We go over child elements recursivly, and add writable properties to the
* hashtable */
it = gst_bin_iterate_recurse (GST_BIN (element));
while (!done) {
switch (gst_iterator_next (it, &item)) {
case GST_ITERATOR_OK:
{
gchar **categories;
guint i;
GstElement *child = g_value_get_object (&item);
factory = gst_element_get_factory (child);
klass = gst_element_factory_get_metadata (factory,
GST_ELEMENT_METADATA_KLASS);
if (strv_find_str (blacklist, GST_OBJECT_NAME (factory))) {
GST_DEBUG_OBJECT (self, "%s blacklisted", GST_OBJECT_NAME (factory));
continue;
}
GST_DEBUG ("Looking at element '%s' of klass '%s'",
GST_ELEMENT_NAME (child), klass);
categories = g_strsplit (klass, "/", 0);
for (i = 0; categories[i]; i++) {
if ((!wanted_categories ||
strv_find_str (wanted_categories, categories[i]))) {
guint i, nb_specs;
class = G_OBJECT_GET_CLASS (child);
parray = g_object_class_list_properties (class, &nb_specs);
for (i = 0; i < nb_specs; i++) {
if ((parray[i]->flags & G_PARAM_WRITABLE) &&
(!whitelist || strv_find_str (whitelist, parray[i]->name))) {
g_hash_table_insert (self->priv->children_props,
g_param_spec_ref (parray[i]), gst_object_ref (child));
}
}
g_free (parray);
GST_DEBUG
("%d configurable properties of '%s' added to property hashtable",
nb_specs, GST_ELEMENT_NAME (child));
break;
}
}
g_strfreev (categories);
g_value_reset (&item);
break;
}
case GST_ITERATOR_RESYNC:
/* FIXME, properly restart the process */
GST_DEBUG ("iterator resync");
gst_iterator_resync (it);
break;
case GST_ITERATOR_DONE:
GST_DEBUG ("iterator done");
done = TRUE;
break;
default:
break;
}
g_value_unset (&item);
}
gst_iterator_free (it);
connect_properties_signals (self);
}
/* INTERNAL USAGE */
static void
_free_pending_binding (PendingBinding * pend)
{
g_slice_free (PendingBinding, pend);
}
gboolean
ges_track_element_set_track (GESTrackElement * object, GESTrack * track)
{
gboolean ret = TRUE;
GST_DEBUG ("object:%p, track:%p", object, track);
object->priv->track = track;
if (object->priv->track) {
/* If we already have a gnlobject, we just set its caps properly */
if (object->priv->gnlobject) {
g_object_set (object->priv->gnlobject,
"caps", ges_track_get_caps (object->priv->track), NULL);
} else {
ret = ensure_gnl_object (object);
/* if we had pending control bindings, add them and free them */
if (ret && object->priv->pending_bindings) {
GList *tmp;
PendingBinding *pbinding;
GST_INFO_OBJECT (object, "Asynchronously adding bindings");
for (tmp = object->priv->pending_bindings; tmp; tmp = tmp->next) {
pbinding = tmp->data;
ges_track_element_set_control_source (pbinding->element,
pbinding->source, pbinding->propname, pbinding->binding_type);
g_free (pbinding->propname);
g_free (pbinding->binding_type);
}
g_list_free_full (object->priv->pending_bindings,
(GDestroyNotify) _free_pending_binding);
object->priv->pending_bindings = NULL;
}
}
}
g_object_notify_by_pspec (G_OBJECT (object), properties[PROP_TRACK]);
return ret;
}
GHashTable *
ges_track_element_get_bindings_hashtable (GESTrackElement * trackelement)
{
GESTrackElementPrivate *priv = GES_TRACK_ELEMENT (trackelement)->priv;
return priv->bindings_hashtable;
}
guint32
_ges_track_element_get_layer_priority (GESTrackElement * element)
{
if (_PRIORITY (element) < LAYER_HEIGHT + MIN_GNL_PRIO)
return 0;
return (_PRIORITY (element) - MIN_GNL_PRIO) / LAYER_HEIGHT;
}
/**
* ges_track_element_get_track:
* @object: a #GESTrackElement
*
* Get the #GESTrack to which this object belongs.
*
* Returns: (transfer none): The #GESTrack to which this object belongs. Can be %NULL if it
* is not in any track
*/
GESTrack *
ges_track_element_get_track (GESTrackElement * object)
{
g_return_val_if_fail (GES_IS_TRACK_ELEMENT (object), NULL);
return object->priv->track;
}
/**
* ges_track_element_get_gnlobject:
* @object: a #GESTrackElement
*
* Get the GNonLin object this object is controlling.
*
* Returns: (transfer none): the GNonLin object this object is controlling.
*/
GstElement *
ges_track_element_get_gnlobject (GESTrackElement * object)
{
g_return_val_if_fail (GES_IS_TRACK_ELEMENT (object), NULL);
return object->priv->gnlobject;
}
/**
* ges_track_element_get_element:
* @object: a #GESTrackElement
*
* Get the #GstElement this track element is controlling within GNonLin.
*
* Returns: (transfer none): the #GstElement this track element is controlling
* within GNonLin.
*/
GstElement *
ges_track_element_get_element (GESTrackElement * object)
{
g_return_val_if_fail (GES_IS_TRACK_ELEMENT (object), NULL);
return object->priv->element;
}
/**
* ges_track_element_is_active:
* @object: a #GESTrackElement
*
* Lets you know if @object will be used for playback and rendering,
* or not.
*
* Returns: %TRUE if @object is active, %FALSE otherwize
*/
gboolean
ges_track_element_is_active (GESTrackElement * object)
{
g_return_val_if_fail (GES_IS_TRACK_ELEMENT (object), FALSE);
if (G_UNLIKELY (object->priv->gnlobject == NULL))
return object->priv->pending_active;
else
return object->active;
}
/**
* ges_track_element_lookup_child:
* @object: object to lookup the property in
* @prop_name: name of the property to look up. You can specify the name of the
* class as such: "ClassName::property-name", to guarantee that you get the
* proper GParamSpec in case various GstElement-s contain the same property
* name. If you don't do so, you will get the first element found, having
* this property and the and the corresponding GParamSpec.
* @element: (out) (allow-none) (transfer full): pointer to a #GstElement that
* takes the real object to set property on
* @pspec: (out) (allow-none) (transfer full): pointer to take the #GParamSpec
* describing the property
*
* Looks up which @element and @pspec would be effected by the given @name. If various
* contained elements have this property name you will get the first one, unless you
* specify the class name in @name.
*
* Returns: TRUE if @element and @pspec could be found. FALSE otherwise. In that
* case the values for @pspec and @element are not modified. Unref @element after
* usage.
*/
gboolean
ges_track_element_lookup_child (GESTrackElement * object,
const gchar * prop_name, GstElement ** element, GParamSpec ** pspec)
{
GHashTableIter iter;
gpointer key, value;
gchar **names, *name, *classename;
gboolean res;
g_return_val_if_fail (GES_IS_TRACK_ELEMENT (object), FALSE);
classename = NULL;
res = FALSE;
names = g_strsplit (prop_name, "::", 2);
if (names[1] != NULL) {
classename = names[0];
name = names[1];
} else
name = names[0];
g_hash_table_iter_init (&iter, object->priv->children_props);
while (g_hash_table_iter_next (&iter, &key, &value)) {
if (g_strcmp0 (G_PARAM_SPEC (key)->name, name) == 0) {
if (classename == NULL ||
g_strcmp0 (G_OBJECT_TYPE_NAME (G_OBJECT (value)), classename) == 0) {
GST_DEBUG ("The %s property from %s has been found", name, classename);
if (element)
*element = gst_object_ref (value);
*pspec = g_param_spec_ref (key);
res = TRUE;
break;
}
}
}
g_strfreev (names);
return res;
}
/**
* ges_track_element_set_child_property_by_pspec:
* @object: a #GESTrackElement
* @pspec: The #GParamSpec that specifies the property you want to set
* @value: the value
*
* Sets a property of a child of @object.
*/
void
ges_track_element_set_child_property_by_pspec (GESTrackElement * object,
GParamSpec * pspec, GValue * value)
{
GstElement *element;
g_return_if_fail (GES_IS_TRACK_ELEMENT (object));
element = g_hash_table_lookup (object->priv->children_props, pspec);
if (!element)
goto not_found;
g_object_set_property (G_OBJECT (element), pspec->name, value);
return;
not_found:
{
GST_ERROR ("The %s property doesn't exist", pspec->name);
return;
}
}
/**
* ges_track_element_set_child_property_valist:
* @object: The #GESTrackElement parent object
* @first_property_name: The name of the first property to set
* @var_args: value for the first property, followed optionally by more
* name/return location pairs, followed by NULL
*
* Sets a property of a child of @object. If there are various child elements
* that have the same property name, you can distinguish them using the following
* syntax: 'ClasseName::property_name' as property name. If you don't, the
* corresponding property of the first element found will be set.
*/
void
ges_track_element_set_child_property_valist (GESTrackElement * object,
const gchar * first_property_name, va_list var_args)
{
const gchar *name;
GParamSpec *pspec;
GstElement *element;
gchar *error = NULL;
GValue value = { 0, };
g_return_if_fail (GES_IS_TRACK_ELEMENT (object));
name = first_property_name;
/* Note: This part is in big part copied from the gst_child_object_set_valist
* method. */
/* iterate over pairs */
while (name) {
if (!ges_track_element_lookup_child (object, name, &element, &pspec))
goto not_found;
#if GLIB_CHECK_VERSION(2,23,3)
G_VALUE_COLLECT_INIT (&value, pspec->value_type, var_args,
G_VALUE_NOCOPY_CONTENTS, &error);
#else
g_value_init (&value, G_PARAM_SPEC_VALUE_TYPE (pspec));
G_VALUE_COLLECT (&value, var_args, G_VALUE_NOCOPY_CONTENTS, &error);
#endif
if (error)
goto cant_copy;
g_object_set_property (G_OBJECT (element), pspec->name, &value);
gst_object_unref (element);
g_value_unset (&value);
name = va_arg (var_args, gchar *);
}
return;
not_found:
{
GST_WARNING ("No property %s in OBJECT\n", name);
return;
}
cant_copy:
{
GST_WARNING ("error copying value %s in object %p: %s", pspec->name, object,
error);
g_value_unset (&value);
return;
}
}
/**
* ges_track_element_set_child_properties:
* @object: The #GESTrackElement parent object
* @first_property_name: The name of the first property to set
* @...: value for the first property, followed optionally by more
* name/return location pairs, followed by NULL
*
* Sets a property of a child of @object. If there are various child elements
* that have the same property name, you can distinguish them using the following
* syntax: 'ClasseName::property_name' as property name. If you don't, the
* corresponding property of the first element found will be set.
*/
void
ges_track_element_set_child_properties (GESTrackElement * object,
const gchar * first_property_name, ...)
{
va_list var_args;
g_return_if_fail (GES_IS_TRACK_ELEMENT (object));
va_start (var_args, first_property_name);
ges_track_element_set_child_property_valist (object, first_property_name,
var_args);
va_end (var_args);
}
/**
* ges_track_element_get_child_property_valist:
* @object: The #GESTrackElement parent object
* @first_property_name: The name of the first property to get
* @var_args: value for the first property, followed optionally by more
* name/return location pairs, followed by NULL
*
* Gets a property of a child of @object. If there are various child elements
* that have the same property name, you can distinguish them using the following
* syntax: 'ClasseName::property_name' as property name. If you don't, the
* corresponding property of the first element found will be set.
*/
void
ges_track_element_get_child_property_valist (GESTrackElement * object,
const gchar * first_property_name, va_list var_args)
{
const gchar *name;
gchar *error = NULL;
GValue value = { 0, };
GParamSpec *pspec;
GstElement *element;
g_return_if_fail (G_IS_OBJECT (object));
name = first_property_name;
/* This part is in big part copied from the gst_child_object_get_valist method */
while (name) {
if (!ges_track_element_lookup_child (object, name, &element, &pspec))
goto not_found;
g_value_init (&value, pspec->value_type);
g_object_get_property (G_OBJECT (element), pspec->name, &value);
gst_object_unref (element);
G_VALUE_LCOPY (&value, var_args, 0, &error);
if (error)
goto cant_copy;
g_value_unset (&value);
name = va_arg (var_args, gchar *);
}
return;
not_found:
{
GST_WARNING ("no property %s in object", name);
return;
}
cant_copy:
{
GST_WARNING ("error copying value %s in object %p: %s", pspec->name, object,
error);
g_value_unset (&value);
return;
}
}
/**
* ges_track_element_list_children_properties:
* @object: The #GESTrackElement to get the list of children properties from
* @n_properties: (out): return location for the length of the returned array
*
* Gets an array of #GParamSpec* for all configurable properties of the
* children of @object.
*
* Returns: (transfer full) (array length=n_properties): an array of #GParamSpec* which should be freed after use or
* %NULL if something went wrong
*/
GParamSpec **
ges_track_element_list_children_properties (GESTrackElement * object,
guint * n_properties)
{
GESTrackElementClass *class;
g_return_val_if_fail (GES_IS_TRACK_ELEMENT (object), NULL);
class = GES_TRACK_ELEMENT_GET_CLASS (object);
return class->list_children_properties (object, n_properties);
}
/**
* ges_track_element_get_child_properties:
* @object: The origin #GESTrackElement
* @first_property_name: The name of the first property to get
* @...: return location for the first property, followed optionally by more
* name/return location pairs, followed by NULL
*
* Gets properties of a child of @object.
*/
void
ges_track_element_get_child_properties (GESTrackElement * object,
const gchar * first_property_name, ...)
{
va_list var_args;
g_return_if_fail (GES_IS_TRACK_ELEMENT (object));
va_start (var_args, first_property_name);
ges_track_element_get_child_property_valist (object, first_property_name,
var_args);
va_end (var_args);
}
/**
* ges_track_element_get_child_property_by_pspec:
* @object: a #GESTrackElement
* @pspec: The #GParamSpec that specifies the property you want to get
* @value: (out): return location for the value
*
* Gets a property of a child of @object.
*/
void
ges_track_element_get_child_property_by_pspec (GESTrackElement * object,
GParamSpec * pspec, GValue * value)
{
GstElement *element;
g_return_if_fail (GES_IS_TRACK_ELEMENT (object));
element = g_hash_table_lookup (object->priv->children_props, pspec);
if (!element)
goto not_found;
g_object_get_property (G_OBJECT (element), pspec->name, value);
return;
not_found:
{
GST_ERROR ("The %s property doesn't exist", pspec->name);
return;
}
}
/**
* ges_track_element_set_child_property:
* @object: The origin #GESTrackElement
* @property_name: The name of the property
* @value: the value
*
* Sets a property of a GstElement contained in @object.
*
* Note that #ges_track_element_set_child_property is really
* intended for language bindings, #ges_track_element_set_child_properties
* is much more convenient for C programming.
*
* Returns: %TRUE if the property was set, %FALSE otherwize
*/
gboolean
ges_track_element_set_child_property (GESTrackElement * object,
const gchar * property_name, GValue * value)
{
GParamSpec *pspec;
GstElement *element;
g_return_val_if_fail (GES_IS_TRACK_ELEMENT (object), FALSE);
if (!ges_track_element_lookup_child (object, property_name, &element, &pspec))
goto not_found;
g_object_set_property (G_OBJECT (element), pspec->name, value);
gst_object_unref (element);
g_param_spec_unref (pspec);
return TRUE;
not_found:
{
GST_WARNING_OBJECT (object, "The %s property doesn't exist", property_name);
return FALSE;
}
}
/**
* ges_track_element_get_child_property:
* @object: The origin #GESTrackElement
* @property_name: The name of the property
* @value: (out): return location for the property value, it will
* be initialized if it is initialized with 0
*
* In general, a copy is made of the property contents and
* the caller is responsible for freeing the memory by calling
* g_value_unset().
*
* Gets a property of a GstElement contained in @object.
*
* Note that #ges_track_element_get_child_property is really
* intended for language bindings, #ges_track_element_get_child_properties
* is much more convenient for C programming.
*
* Returns: %TRUE if the property was found, %FALSE otherwize
*/
gboolean
ges_track_element_get_child_property (GESTrackElement * object,
const gchar * property_name, GValue * value)
{
GParamSpec *pspec;
GstElement *element;
g_return_val_if_fail (GES_IS_TRACK_ELEMENT (object), FALSE);
if (!ges_track_element_lookup_child (object, property_name, &element, &pspec))
goto not_found;
if (G_VALUE_TYPE (value) == G_TYPE_INVALID)
g_value_init (value, pspec->value_type);
g_object_get_property (G_OBJECT (element), pspec->name, value);
gst_object_unref (element);
g_param_spec_unref (pspec);
return TRUE;
not_found:
{
GST_WARNING_OBJECT (object, "The %s property doesn't exist", property_name);
return FALSE;
}
}
static GParamSpec **
default_list_children_properties (GESTrackElement * object,
guint * n_properties)
{
GParamSpec **pspec, *spec;
GHashTableIter iter;
gpointer key, value;
guint i = 0;
*n_properties = g_hash_table_size (object->priv->children_props);
pspec = g_new (GParamSpec *, *n_properties);
g_hash_table_iter_init (&iter, object->priv->children_props);
while (g_hash_table_iter_next (&iter, &key, &value)) {
spec = G_PARAM_SPEC (key);
pspec[i] = g_param_spec_ref (spec);
i++;
}
return pspec;
}
void
ges_track_element_copy_properties (GESTimelineElement * element,
GESTimelineElement * elementcopy)
{
GParamSpec **specs;
guint n, n_specs;
GValue val = { 0 };
GESTrackElement *copy = GES_TRACK_ELEMENT (elementcopy);
ensure_gnl_object (copy);
specs =
ges_track_element_list_children_properties (GES_TRACK_ELEMENT (element),
&n_specs);
for (n = 0; n < n_specs; ++n) {
g_value_init (&val, specs[n]->value_type);
ges_track_element_get_child_property_by_pspec (GES_TRACK_ELEMENT (element),
specs[n], &val);
ges_track_element_set_child_property_by_pspec (copy, specs[n], &val);
g_value_unset (&val);
}
g_free (specs);
}
void
ges_track_element_split_bindings (GESTrackElement * element,
GESTrackElement * new_element, guint64 position)
{
GParamSpec **specs;
guint n, n_specs;
GstControlBinding *binding;
GstTimedValueControlSource *source, *new_source;
specs =
ges_track_element_list_children_properties (GES_TRACK_ELEMENT (element),
&n_specs);
for (n = 0; n < n_specs; ++n) {
GList *values, *tmp;
GstTimedValue *last_value = NULL;
gboolean past_position = FALSE;
GstInterpolationMode mode;
binding = ges_track_element_get_control_binding (element, specs[n]->name);
if (!binding)
continue;
g_object_get (binding, "control_source", &source, NULL);
/* FIXME : this should work as well with other types of control sources */
if (!GST_IS_TIMED_VALUE_CONTROL_SOURCE (source))
continue;
new_source =
GST_TIMED_VALUE_CONTROL_SOURCE (gst_interpolation_control_source_new
());
g_object_get (source, "mode", &mode, NULL);
g_object_set (new_source, "mode", mode, NULL);
values =
gst_timed_value_control_source_get_all (GST_TIMED_VALUE_CONTROL_SOURCE
(source));
for (tmp = values; tmp; tmp = tmp->next) {
GstTimedValue *value = tmp->data;
if (value->timestamp > position) {
gfloat value_at_pos;
/* FIXME We should be able to use gst_control_source_get_value so
* all modes are handled. Right now that method only works if the value
* we are looking for is between two actual keyframes which is not enough
* in our case. bug #706621 */
value_at_pos =
interpolate_values_for_position (last_value, value, position);
past_position = TRUE;
gst_timed_value_control_source_set (new_source, position, value_at_pos);
gst_timed_value_control_source_set (new_source, value->timestamp,
value->value);
gst_timed_value_control_source_unset (source, value->timestamp);
gst_timed_value_control_source_set (source, position, value_at_pos);
} else if (past_position) {
gst_timed_value_control_source_unset (source, value->timestamp);
gst_timed_value_control_source_set (new_source, value->timestamp,
value->value);
}
last_value = value;
}
/* We only manage direct bindings, see TODO in set_control_source */
ges_track_element_set_control_source (new_element,
GST_CONTROL_SOURCE (new_source), specs[n]->name, "direct");
}
g_free (specs);
}
/**
* ges_track_element_edit:
* @object: the #GESTrackElement to edit
* @layers: (element-type GESLayer): The layers you want the edit to
* happen in, %NULL means that the edition is done in all the
* #GESLayers contained in the current timeline.
* FIXME: This is not implemented yet.
* @mode: The #GESEditMode in which the editition will happen.
* @edge: The #GESEdge the edit should happen on.
* @position: The position at which to edit @object (in nanosecond)
*
* Edit @object in the different exisiting #GESEditMode modes. In the case of
* slide, and roll, you need to specify a #GESEdge
*
* Returns: %TRUE if the object as been edited properly, %FALSE if an error
* occured
*/
gboolean
ges_track_element_edit (GESTrackElement * object,
GList * layers, GESEditMode mode, GESEdge edge, guint64 position)
{
GESTrack *track = ges_track_element_get_track (object);
GESTimeline *timeline;
g_return_val_if_fail (GES_IS_TRACK_ELEMENT (object), FALSE);
if (G_UNLIKELY (!track)) {
GST_WARNING_OBJECT (object, "Trying to edit in %d mode but not in"
"any Track yet.", mode);
return FALSE;
}
timeline = GES_TIMELINE (ges_track_get_timeline (track));
if (G_UNLIKELY (!timeline)) {
GST_WARNING_OBJECT (object, "Trying to edit in %d mode but not in"
"track %p no in any timeline yet.", mode, track);
return FALSE;
}
switch (mode) {
case GES_EDIT_MODE_NORMAL:
timeline_move_object (timeline, object, layers, edge, position);
break;
case GES_EDIT_MODE_TRIM:
timeline_trim_object (timeline, object, layers, edge, position);
break;
case GES_EDIT_MODE_RIPPLE:
timeline_ripple_object (timeline, object, layers, edge, position);
break;
case GES_EDIT_MODE_ROLL:
timeline_roll_object (timeline, object, layers, edge, position);
break;
case GES_EDIT_MODE_SLIDE:
timeline_slide_object (timeline, object, layers, edge, position);
break;
default:
GST_ERROR ("Unkown edit mode: %d", mode);
return FALSE;
}
return TRUE;
}
/**
* ges_track_element_set_control_source:
* @object: the #GESTrackElement on which to set a control binding
* @source: (element-type GstControlSource): the #GstControlSource to set on the binding.
* @property_name: The name of the property to control.
* @binding_type: The type of binding to create. Only "direct" is available for now.
*
* Creates a #GstControlBinding and adds it to the #GstElement concerned by the
* property. Use the same syntax as #ges_track_element_lookup_child for
* the property name.
*
* Returns: %TRUE if the binding could be created and added, %FALSE if an error
* occured
*/
gboolean
ges_track_element_set_control_source (GESTrackElement * object,
GstControlSource * source,
const gchar * property_name, const gchar * binding_type)
{
GESTrackElementPrivate *priv;
GstElement *element;
GParamSpec *pspec;
GstControlBinding *binding;
g_return_val_if_fail (GES_IS_TRACK_ELEMENT (object), FALSE);
priv = GES_TRACK_ELEMENT (object)->priv;
if (G_UNLIKELY (!(GST_IS_CONTROL_SOURCE (source)))) {
GST_WARNING
("You need to provide a non-null control source to build a new control binding");
return FALSE;
}
if (!priv->track) {
PendingBinding *pbinding;
GST_INFO ("Adding this source to the future bindings");
pbinding = g_slice_new0 (PendingBinding);
pbinding->element = object;
pbinding->source = source;
pbinding->propname = g_strdup (property_name);
pbinding->binding_type = g_strdup (binding_type);
priv->pending_bindings = g_list_append (priv->pending_bindings, pbinding);
return TRUE;
}
if (!ges_track_element_lookup_child (object, property_name, &element, &pspec)) {
GST_WARNING ("You need to provide a valid and controllable property name");
return FALSE;
}
/* TODO : update this according to new types of bindings */
if (!g_strcmp0 (binding_type, "direct")) {
/* First remove existing binding */
binding =
(GstControlBinding *) g_hash_table_lookup (priv->bindings_hashtable,
property_name);
if (binding) {
GST_LOG ("Removing old binding %p for property %s", binding,
property_name);
gst_object_remove_control_binding (GST_OBJECT (element), binding);
}
binding =
gst_direct_control_binding_new (GST_OBJECT (element), property_name,
source);
gst_object_add_control_binding (GST_OBJECT (element), binding);
g_hash_table_insert (priv->bindings_hashtable, g_strdup (property_name),
binding);
return TRUE;
}
GST_WARNING ("Binding type must be in [direct]");
return FALSE;
}
/**
* ges_track_element_get_control_binding:
* @object: the #GESTrackElement in which to lookup the bindings.
* @property_name: The property_name to which the binding is associated.
*
* Looks up the various controlled properties for that #GESTrackElement,
* and returns the #GstControlBinding which controls @property_name.
*
* Returns: (transfer none): the #GstControlBinding associated with @property_name, or %NULL
* if that property is not controlled.
*/
GstControlBinding *
ges_track_element_get_control_binding (GESTrackElement * object,
const gchar * property_name)
{
GESTrackElementPrivate *priv;
GstControlBinding *binding;
g_return_val_if_fail (GES_IS_TRACK_ELEMENT (object), NULL);
priv = GES_TRACK_ELEMENT (object)->priv;
binding =
(GstControlBinding *) g_hash_table_lookup (priv->bindings_hashtable,
property_name);
return binding;
}