Original commit message from CVS:
* gst/gstbuffer.c:
Small docs update.
* gst/gstcaps.c: (gst_caps_is_equal):
Don't assert on NULL <--> X. Fixes#323260
* gst/gstminiobject.c: (gst_mini_object_replace):
If we're doing atomic operations, we might just as well use
the proper way to get an atomic pointer.
* libs/gst/base/gstbasesink.c: (gst_base_sink_get_position):
Clean up debugging.
Original commit message from CVS:
* gst/gstbuffer.c: (_gst_buffer_copy):
Copy more flags.
* gst/gstcaps.c: (gst_caps_is_equal):
Fix some docs.
Make _is_equal fast in the trivial cases.
* gst/gstminiobject.c:
* gst/gstminiobject.h:
More docs. Spifify .h file.
* gst/gstutils.c:
Small doc update.
Original commit message from CVS:
* gst/base/gstbasetransform.c: (gst_base_transform_transform_caps):
* gst/gstcaps.c: (gst_caps_intersect):
Don't call gst_caps_do_simplify - it doesn't respect order of caps
and it's not needed.
Original commit message from CVS:
* gst/gstcaps.c: (gst_caps_intersect):
fix signedness issues in a (hopefully) correct way
* gst/gstelement.c: (gst_element_pads_activate):
some debugging
* gst/gstobject.c: (gst_object_set_parent):
some debugging
Original commit message from CVS:
* configure.ac:
clean up further
* gst/gst.c: (init_post):
* win32/common/config.h.in:
it's PLUGINDIR now
* gst/gstcaps.c: (gst_caps_intersect):
use gint64, the range could be bigger than a guint
Original commit message from CVS:
2005-10-16 Julien MOUTTE <julien@moutte.net>
* gst/gstcaps.c: (gst_caps_intersect): Fix a bad bug with a
simple
fix. Because of unsigned ints, caps intersection was going nuts
and
trying to access structures with G_MAXUINT index. That fixes
videotestsrc ! ffmpegcolorspace ! fakesink
* gst/gstpad.c: (gst_pad_link_check_compatible_unlocked): logs
consistency.
Original commit message from CVS:
* gst/gstcaps.c:
* gst/gstevent.c:
doc updates
* gst/gstvalue.c: (gst_value_deserialize_int_helper):
don't use long long, it's not portable. Replacing with
gint64 seems to work; let's hope no skeletons fall out of the closet.
Original commit message from CVS:
* gst/gstcaps.c: (gst_caps_do_simplify):
Thou shalt not free a structure and then continue using it
in the next loop iteration.
* check/gst/gstcaps.c: (check_fourcc_list), (test_simplify),
(gst_caps_suite):
Add test case for caps simplification.
Original commit message from CVS:
* gst/gstcaps.c: (gst_static_caps_get), (gst_caps_to_string):
Make _static_caps_get() refcounting sane.
* gst/gstelement.c: (gst_element_set_state):
Add g_return_val_if_fail() to protect against segfaults.
Original commit message from CVS:
2005-07-15 Andy Wingo <wingo@pobox.com>
* tools/gst-typefind.c: Update, add copyright block.
* gst/base/gstbasesrc.c (gst_base_src_default_negotiate):
Normalize and truncate caps before fixation.
* gst/gstcaps.h:
* gst/gstcaps.c (gst_caps_truncate): New function, destructively
discards all but the first structure from its argument.
Original commit message from CVS:
2005-07-01 Andy Wingo <wingo@pobox.com>
* tests/network-clock.scm: Commentary update.
* gst/elements/gstidentity.c (PROP_DUPLICATE): Gone daddy gone.
Didn't really make sense, not implementable with basetransform,
etc.
(gst_identity_transform): Unref inbuf via make_writable. Feeble
attempt at implementing the sync property, needs an unlock method.
* gst/base/gstbasetransform.c (gst_base_transform_transform_caps):
New func, by default returns the same caps (the identity
transformation).
(gst_base_transform_getcaps): Uses transform_caps to return
something sensible.
(gst_base_transform_setcaps): Complicated logic to get caps on
both pads, even if they are different, and to call set_caps once
for every time both pads get their caps set.
(gst_base_transform_handle_buffer): Give the ref to the transform
function. Allows in-place modification of the buffer.
* gst/base/gstbasetransform.h (transform_caps): New class method.
Given caps on one side, what can I do on the other.
(set_caps): Take two caps, one for each side of the element.
* gst/gstpad.h:
* gst/gstpad.c (gst_pad_fixate_caps): Change prototype to modify
caps in place. This is safe because we can check the mutability of
the caps, and a good idea because fixate functions are just called
as a matter of last resort. (Not actually implemented.)
(gst_pad_set_caps): If the caps we're setting is actually the same
as the existing pad caps, just update the pointer without calling
setcaps. Assert that caps is either NULL or fixed, as per the
docs.
* gst/gstghostpad.c: Update for fixate changes.
Original commit message from CVS:
First THREADED backport attempt, focusing on adding locks and
making sure the API is threadsafe. Needs more work. More docs
follow this week.
Original commit message from CVS:
* gst/gstcaps.c: (gst_caps_compare_structures):
Simple caps go first. This has the nice side-effect of fixing an
obscure warning.
Original commit message from CVS:
* gst/gstcaps.c: (gst_caps_is_fixed_foreach):
* gst/gstpad.c: (_gst_pad_default_fixate_value),
(_gst_pad_default_fixate_foreach):
* gst/gstvalue.c: (gst_type_is_fixed), (gst_value_is_fixed):
* gst/gstvalue.h:
Deprecate _type_is_fixed, use _value_is_fixed instead, since
in some cases (arrays), the fixedness depends on the content.
* gst/gstqueue.c: (gst_queue_handle_src_query):
Check for availability before doing something.
Original commit message from CVS:
* gst/gstcaps.c: (gst_caps_save_thyself), (gst_caps_load_thyself):
Actually do something in these functions, like before the big
caps change. (bug #145137)
Original commit message from CVS:
* gst/gstcaps.c: (gst_caps_structure_simplify):
don't print error messages when there is no error
* gst/gstvalue.c: (gst_value_compare_int_range):
compare the second value, too
* testsuite/caps/Makefile.am:
* testsuite/caps/random.c: (assert_on_error), (main):
add tests to make sure the two things above are checked for
Original commit message from CVS:
* gst/gstcaps.c: (gst_caps_structure_subtract_field),
(gst_caps_structure_subtract), (gst_caps_subtract),
(gst_caps_structure_figure_out_union),
(gst_caps_structure_simplify), (gst_caps_do_simplify):
fix simplifying and subtracting not working correctly with optional
properties
solve assorted problems that make it now simplify ebven more
* docs/gst/tmpl/gstcaps.sgml:
* gst/gstcaps.h:
make gst_caps_do_simplify return a bool to indicate if it simplified
* testsuite/caps/simplify.c: (main):
add more checks. The tests is quite a bit useless right now because
the core is heavily simplifying itself.
* testsuite/caps/caps.h:
fix caps to contain all optional properties
Original commit message from CVS:
* docs/gst/tmpl/gstcaps.sgml:
* docs/gst/tmpl/gstfilesrc.sgml:
* docs/gst/tmpl/gststructure.sgml:
* docs/gst/tmpl/gstvalue.sgml:
update for recent API changes
* gst/gstcaps.c: (gst_caps_do_simplify):
fix to stop trying with a freed structure
* gst/gstpad.c: (gst_pad_link_fixate):
simplify caps
* gst/gstpad.c: (gst_pad_template_get_caps_by_name):
remove C++ comment
* gst/gstpad.h:
deprecate gst_pad_template_get_caps_by_name, it doesn't work anyway
* gst/gststructure.c: (gst_structure_value_get_generic_type),
(gst_structure_to_string):
keep the correct type when using lists of ranges
* gst/gstvalue.c: (gst_value_list_prepend_value),
(gst_value_list_append_value):
copy the value before adding to the list (d'oh)
* gst/gstvalue.c: (gst_value_subtract_int_range_int),
(gst_value_subtract_int_range_int_range):
handle overflows correctly
* gst/gstvalue.c: (gst_value_subtract_from_list):
fix memleak
* testsuite/caps/caps.h:
add a caps that caused segfaults
Original commit message from CVS:
* gst/gstcaps.c: (gst_caps_append), (gst_caps_intersect),
(gst_caps_union):
only simplify in functions that create new caps. Simplifying in
gst_caps_append breaks tests.
Original commit message from CVS:
* docs/gst/gstreamer-sections.txt:
add gst_caps_do_simplify
* gst/gstcaps.c:
add documentation for gst_caps_do_simplify
* gst/gstvalue.h:
fix typo in gst_value_register_subtract_func declaration for gst-doc
Original commit message from CVS:
* gst/gstcaps.c: (gst_caps_from_string_inplace):
fix bug when converting from empty string.
* gst/gstcaps.c: (gst_caps_new_any), (gst_caps_new_simple),
(gst_caps_new_full_valist), (gst_caps_copy), (gst_caps_copy_1):
use gst_caps_new_empty to allocate a new caps. Only that function
allocates memory for caps now.
* gst/gstcaps.c: (gst_caps_remove_and_get_structure),
(gst_caps_remove_structure):
add ability to remove one structure (but not to header yet)
* gst/gstcaps.c: (gst_caps_compare_structures),
(gst_caps_simplify), (gst_caps_structure_figure_out_union),
(gst_caps_structure_simplify), (gst_caps_do_simplify),
* gst/gstcaps.h:
add gst_caps_do_simplify that tries to simplify a caps in place.
Deprecate old gst_caps_simplify function.
* testsuite/caps/caps.h:
add caps.h containing a common set of caps to test against.
* testsuite/caps/sets.c: (check_caps), (main):
use it.
* testsuite/caps/.cvsignore:
* testsuite/caps/Makefile.am:
* testsuite/caps/simplify.c: (check_caps), (main):
add test to check correctness and efficency of caps simplification.
Original commit message from CVS:
* gst/gstcaps.c: (gst_caps_is_fixed_foreach):
* gst/gstpad.c: (_gst_pad_default_fixate_foreach):
* gst/gstvalue.c: (gst_value_serialize_buffer),
(gst_value_deserialize_buffer), (gst_type_is_fixed),
(_gst_value_initialize): Create a new function gst_type_is_fixed()
to indicate types that are fixed wrt caps or not. Switching to
this function fixes (bug #140298).
* gst/gstvalue.h:
Original commit message from CVS:
* gst/gstcaps.c: (gst_caps_structure_fixate_field_nearest_int),
(gst_caps_structure_fixate_field_nearest_double): Fix bug in
fixating lists.
Original commit message from CVS:
* gst/gstbuffer.c: (_gst_buffer_initialize), (gst_buffer_get_type),
(gst_buffer_free_chunk): Added gst_buffer_get_type() and changed
to using it.
* gst/gstbuffer.h: Changed GST_BUFFER_TYPE to gst_buffer_get_type()
* gst/gstcaps.c: (gst_caps_is_fixed_foreach): Buffer is a fixed type
* gst/gstpad.c: (_gst_pad_default_fixate_foreach): same
* gst/gststructure.c: (gst_structure_set_valist),
(gst_structure_from_abbr), (gst_structure_to_abbr): Add vararg
support for buffers.
* gst/gsttag.c: (gst_tag_register): Constify a prototype that was
intended to be const.
* gst/gsttag.h: same
* gst/gstvalue.c: (gst_value_serialize_buffer),
(gst_value_deserialize_buffer), (_gst_value_initialize): Add code
to (de)serialize buffers.
* testsuite/caps/Makefile.am: Add a bit of buffer testing
* testsuite/caps/string-conversions.c: (main):
* testsuite/caps/value_serialize.c: add new test
Original commit message from CVS:
* gst/gst.c (init_post): call gst_caps_get_type() instead of
_gst_caps_initalize()
* gst/gstcaps.c: Style fixes, stay closer to glib and friends
(_gst_caps_initialize): Remove, in favor for gst_caps_get_type()
* gst/gstcaps.h (GST_CAPS_IS_SIMPLE): Capitalize macro
* gst/gstcaps.h: Clean up
Original commit message from CVS:
2004-02-20 Andy Wingo <wingo@pobox.com>
* gst/gstbin.c:
* gst/gstbuffer.c:
* gst/gstplugin.c:
* gst/registries/gstxmlregistry.c:
* gst/schedulers/gstoptimalscheduler.c: Debugging tweaks.
* gst/gstelement.c (gst_element_set_scheduler): Debugging fixes.
(gst_element_add_pad): DEBUG->INFO, some fixes.
(gst_element_get_compatible_pad_template): Just see if the
templates' caps intersect, not if one is a strict subset of the
other. This conforms more to what gst_pad_link_intersect() does.
(gst_element_class_add_pad_template): Don't memcpy the pad
template, just ref it.
(gst_element_get_compatible_pad_filtered): Clean up debug messages
* gst/gstpad.c (gst_pad_can_link_filtered): Debug a true result.
(gst_pad_link_filtered): Debug changes.
(gst_pad_link_prepare): New function, consolidated from
can_link_filtered and link_filtered.
* gst/parse/grammar.y (gst_parse_perform_link): Made INFO output
look more like that of the functions in gstelement.c
* gst/gstinfo.c (gst_debug_print_object): Put a space before the
object, and return the empty string if object is NULL.
* gst/parse/parse.l: Remove trailing newlines when calling PRINT.
* gst/parse/grammar.y (YYFPRINTF): Log bison debugging info via
LOG, not DEBUG. We still get flex info on debug.
* gst/registries/gstxmlregistry.c (gst_xml_registry_load): Make
debug string more verbose.
(plugin_times_older_than): DEBUG->LOG.
Original commit message from CVS:
* gst/elements/gstmultifilesrc.c: (gst_multifilesrc_class_init):
Use G_TYPE_STRING in signal prototype instead of G_TYPE_POINTER.
* gst/elements/gsttypefind.c: (gst_type_find_element_class_init):
Use GST_TYPE_CAPS in signal prototype.
* gst/gstcaps.c: (_gst_caps_initialize), (gst_caps_copy_conditional):
Convert GST_TYPE_CAPS to boxed.
* gst/gstelement.c: (gst_element_class_init):
Use GST_TYPE_TAG_LIST in signal prototype.
* gst/gstindex.c: (gst_index_class_init):
* gst/gstindex.h:
Add GST_TYPE_INDEX_ENTRY type.
* gst/gstmarshal.list:
Add necessary marshal types.
* gst/gstpad.c: (gst_real_pad_class_init),
(_gst_real_pad_fixate_accumulator), (gst_pad_link_fixate),
(gst_pad_recover_caps_error):
Use GST_TYPE_CAPS in signal prototypes. Fix some debugging strings.
* gst/gststructure.c: (_gst_structure_initialize),
(gst_structure_copy), (_gst_structure_copy_conditional):
* gst/gststructure.h:
Convert GST_TYPE_STRUCTURE to boxed.
* gst/gsttag.c: (gst_tag_list_get_type):
* gst/gsttag.h:
Add GST_TYPE_TAG_LIST type.
Original commit message from CVS:
2004-02-05 Andy Wingo <wingo@pobox.com>
* gst/gstpad.c (_gst_real_pad_fixate_accumulator):
s/pointer/boxed/.
* gst/gstmarshal.list (VOID:BOXED, BOXED:BOXED): New marshallers.
* gst/gstpad.c (gst_real_pad_class_init): Use a BOXED:BOXED
marshaller for ::fixate, and VOID:BOXED for ::caps-nego-failed,
with the type=GST_TYPE_CAPS. This allows language bindings to know
what kind of data they're dealing with.
* gst/gstcaps.c (_gst_caps_value_init): GBoxed values initialize
to NULL when g_value_init is called. GstCaps, which rolls its own
type implementation, now does the same instead of allocating empty
caps.
(_gst_caps_initialize, _gst_caps_collect_value,
_gst_caps_lcopy_value): Provide collect_value and lcopy_value type
table methods. This allows G_VALUE_COLLECT to work.
2004-02-05 Andy Wingo <wingo@pobox.com>
* configure.ac:
* testsuite/Makefile.am (SUBDIRS):
* testsuite/ghostpads/Makefile.am:
* testsuite/ghostpads/ghostpads.c: A new test for ghost pads.
* gst/gstpad.c (gst_pad_add_ghost_pad, gst_pad_remove_ghost_pad):
These two routines are the only ones that set
GST_GPAD_REALPAD(gpad), the ghost pad list, and the ghost pad's
pad template. They should be made static, depending on ABI needs.
(gst_real_pad_dispose): Handle the case of ghost pads without a
parent. Assert after dealing with ghost pads that the ghost pad
list is empty.
(gst_ghost_pad_class_init): New property added, ::real-pad. Can be
set after creation.
(gst_ghost_pad_dispose): Set ::real-pad to NULL.
(gst_ghost_pad_set_property, gst_ghost_pad_get_property): New
functions. set_property will call add_ghost_pad/remove_ghost_pad
as appropriate.
(gst_ghost_pad_new): All the work is offloaded to g_object_new.
* gst/gstelement.c (gst_element_add_pad): Handle ghost pads as well.
(gst_element_add_ghost_pad): Remove code duplicated from _add_pad.
(gst_element_remove_pad): Handle ghost pads as well.
(gst_element_remove_ghost_pad): Deprecated (could be removed,
depending on API-stability needs).
2004-02-05 Andy Wingo <wingo@pobox.com>
* gst/gstbin.[ch]: (gst_bin_get_by_interface): GTypes are scalars,
of course they're const
Original commit message from CVS:
2004-01-29 Benjamin Otte <in7y118@public.uni-hamburg.de>
* docs/random/mimetypes:
update docs for audio/x-raw-float. Add "buffer-frames=0 means
undefined"
* gst/elements/gstfilesrc.c: (gst_filesrc_set_location):
make it only work in NULL.
* gst/gstcaps.c:
don't posion NULL caps
* gst/gstelement.c: (gst_element_set_time):
add debugging statement
* gst/gstelement.c: (gst_element_emit_found_tag),
(gst_element_found_tag_func), (gst_element_found_tags):
* gst/gstelement.h:
These functions take const taglists
* gst/gstpad.c: (gst_pad_proxy_getcaps):
fix memleak
* gst/gstpad.c: (gst_pad_event_default):
make more effort on handling discont and clocks, g_warn if everything
fails
* gst/gststructure.c: (gst_structure_remove_fields),
(gst_structure_remove_fields_valist):
* gst/gststructure.h:
add gst_structure_remove_fields(_valist)
* gst/gsttag.c:
fix doc glitch
Original commit message from CVS:
* configure.ac: Add detection for HAVE_PRINTF_EXTENSION and
GST_PRINTF_EXTENSION_FORMAT_DEFINE.
* docs/random/ds/0.9-suggested-changes: Notes from Company.
* gst/gstcaps.c: (gst_caps_to_string): Add comment.
* gst/gstconfig.h.in: Add define for GST_PTR_FORMAT
* gst/gstinfo.c: (_gst_debug_init), (gst_debug_print_object),
(gst_debug_log_default), (_gst_info_printf_extension),
(_gst_info_printf_extension_arginfo): Add printf extension.
* gst/gstinfo.h: remove G_GNUC_PRINTF, because it doesn't work with %P
* gst/gststructure.c: (gst_structure_to_string),
(_gst_structure_parse_value): Use gst_value_deserialize() and
remove old code.
* gst/gstvalue.c: (gst_value_deserialize_fourcc),
(gst_value_deserialize_boolean), (gst_strtoi),
(gst_value_deserialize_int), (gst_value_deserialize_double),
(gst_value_deserialize_string), (gst_value_deserialize): Implement
a bunch of deserialize functions and gst_value_deserialize.
* gst/gstvalue.h: er, _de_serialize, not unserialize
* testsuite/caps/string-conversions.c: (main): We don't currently
handle (float) in caps, so convert these to (double).
* testsuite/debug/Makefile.am: Add new test for the printf extension
* testsuite/debug/printf_extension.c: (main): same
Original commit message from CVS:
* gst/gstcaps.c:
Add lots of documentation.
* gst/gstcaps.h:
Deprecate a few functions.
* gst/gstpad.c:
Removed use of deprecated functions.
Original commit message from CVS:
* gst/gstcaps.c: (gst_caps_append_structure):
Move the poisoning to allow a NULL structure
* gst/gstevent.c: (_gst_event_free):
When freeing a navigation event, free the structure
also
Original commit message from CVS:
* gst/elements/gsttee.c: (gst_tee_init), (gst_tee_request_new_pad):
Remove usage of gst_pad_proxy_fixate.
* gst/gstcaps.c: (gst_caps_append), (gst_caps_append_structure),
(gst_caps_split_one), (gst_caps_replace):
Add poisoning code.
* gst/gstmarshal.list:
Add pointer__pointer for fixate signal
* gst/gstpad.c: (gst_real_pad_class_init),
(_gst_real_pad_fixate_accumulator), (gst_pad_link_fixate),
(_gst_pad_default_fixate_func), (gst_pad_proxy_fixate),
(gst_pad_set_explicit_caps), (gst_pad_template_new):
Add poisoning code. Add fixate signal on RealPad. Change
set_explicit_caps() to take const GstCaps, like try_set_caps().
* gst/gstpad.h:
* testsuite/caps/Makefile.am:
* testsuite/caps/app_fixate.c: Add a test for the fixate signal
Original commit message from CVS:
* gst/gstcaps.c: (_gst_structure_is_equal_foreach),
(gst_caps_is_equal_fixed): Add new function.
* gst/gstcaps.h: ditto.
* gst/gstpad.c: (gst_real_pad_class_init),
(gst_pad_link_call_link_functions), (gst_pad_try_set_caps),
(gst_pad_set_explicit_caps), (gst_pad_get_caps): In try_set_caps,
check new caps against existing caps -- if they're the same, return
OK without renegotiating. caps-nego-failed signal fixed so that
the marshaller isn't VOID__OBJECT. Also changed to G_TYPE_POINTER
to save an extra caps copy. Don't complete negotiation if a pad
link function returns DELAYED.
Original commit message from CVS:
* gst/gstcaps.c: (gst_caps_normalize), (simplify_foreach),
(gst_caps_structure_simplify), (gst_caps_simplify):
* gst/gstcaps.h:
Add simplify function
* gst/gstpad.c: (gst_pad_link_try), (gst_pad_try_set_caps),
(gst_pad_perform_negotiate), (gst_pad_is_negotiated):
* gst/gstpad.h:
Copy over srcnotify, sinknotify when calling old pad_link
functions. Add new is_negotiated() function.
* gst/gststructure.c: (gst_structure_copy):
Fix an incredibly stupid bug that should have been noticed
weeks ago. _copy() returned the argument, not the new copy.
Original commit message from CVS:
Caps with empty props (which is not NULL - gst_props_new_empty()) can result in an invalid string, so we need to check for empty props (as opposed to NULL props) too.
Original commit message from CVS:
merge TYPEFIND branch. Major changes:
- totally reworked type(find) system
- bytestream is out of the core again
- typefind element is now part of gstelements
Original commit message from CVS:
kill some memleaks, add ::signal-handoffs property to fakesrc/sink (default FALSE), cache return values of _gst_debug_nameof_funcptr
Original commit message from CVS:
Implement gst_caps_has_property*() as functions instead of macro's - this prevents failed assertions when calling them in some specific cases. See #115886
Original commit message from CVS:
GST_DEBUG reorganization
This is a big diff (ca 450k), containing loads of stuff:
- gstinfo.[ch] complete rewrite
- changing of all GST_DEBUG messages to reflect that change
- reorganization of subsystem disabling
- addition of gstconfig.h.in so we can track the disablings
- <gst/gst.h> does not include <unistd.h> and <config.h> anymore
- documentation updated for gstinfo stuff (build the docs yourself to know what changed)
- bugfixes for making of the docs (files from CVS are not deleted anymore
- testsuite for debugging changes in testsuite/debug
expect breakage
Original commit message from CVS:
- further productizing the fixed flag on GstCaps by using the flag on
GstProps instead of keeping the two in sync.
- implemented proper flag updates in _props_set and _props_remove.
Original commit message from CVS:
added gst_{props,caps}_{from,to}_string to API, see documentation for use, put errors into testsuite/caps/string-conversions.c
Original commit message from CVS:
- Add more --disable options
- fix makefiles to only compile non-disabled features
- some compile fixes.
- removed extratypes, added gsturitype
- make get/set clock on a bin overridable
- some portability fixes for GUINT64
- separate pools from gstregistry.[ch] into gstregistrypool.[ch]
- make gstobject size fixed, even if we disabled load/save
- don't use 'new' as a variable as it is not a valib C++ variable
Original commit message from CVS:
- implement FLOATING flag on caps/props
- use gstmemchunk for caps/props
- implement remove_entry for props
- various refcounting functions
- fix refcounting on caps/props
- use tracing for caps/props/propsentries
- fix memleak in transform functions
- fix refcounting on elementfactory padtemplates
- add dispose for padtemplates
- shortcut pad negotiation early on
