Add support for conversion to 10/12/14/16 bit bayer pattern.
The implementation is rather simplistic, just take the ARGB
input, generate 16-bit data out of it instead of 8-bit, shift
them as required by the output bitness, and apply endian swap.
Example usage:
```
$ gst-launch-1.0 videotestsrc num-buffers=1 ! \
video/x-raw,width=512,height=512,format=ARGB ! \
rgb2bayer ! \
video/x-bayer,format=bggr12le ! \
filesink location=/tmp/bayer12.raw
```
Part-of: <https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/gstreamer/gstreamer/-/merge_requests/4686>