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Some further modifications to the PWG.

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Some further modifications to the PWG.
This commit is contained in:
Richard Boulton 2001-03-18 06:16:45 +00:00
parent 5ee51757d1
commit ec8716c206
3 changed files with 266 additions and 208 deletions
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1
docs/fwg/Makefile.am
View file

@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ htmlname = index.html
sgml_files = gst-plugin-writers-guide.sgml \ sgml_files = gst-plugin-writers-guide.sgml \
titlepage.sgml \ titlepage.sgml \
intro.sgml \ intro.sgml \
firstplugin.sgml \
testapp.sgml \ testapp.sgml \
loopbased.sgml loopbased.sgml

157
docs/fwg/firstplugin.sgml
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@ -1,157 +0,0 @@
<chapter id="cha-boilerplate">
<title>Constructing the boilerplate</title>
<para>
The first thing to do when making a new element is to specify some basic
details about it: what its name is, who wrote it, what version number it
is, etc. We also need to define an object to represent the element and to
store the data the element needs. I shall refer to these details
collectively as the <emphasis>boilerplate</emphasis>.
</para>
<sect1 id="sect-boilerplate-gobject">
<title>Doing it the hard way with GstObject</title>
<para>
The standard way of defining the boilerplate is simply to write some
code, and fill in some structures. The easiest way to do this is to
copy an example and modify according to your needs.
</para>
<para>
First we will examine the code you would be likely to place in a header
file (although since the interface to the code is entirely defined
by the pluging system, and doesn't depend on reading a header file,
this is not crucial.)
The code here can be found in
<filename>examples/plugins/example.h</filename>
</para>
<programlisting>
/* Definition of structure storing data for this element. */
typedef struct _GstExample GstExample;
struct _GstExample {
GstElement element;
GstPad *sinkpad,*srcpad;
gint8 active;
};
/* Standard definition defining a class for this element. */
typedef struct _GstExampleClass GstExampleClass;
struct _GstExampleClass {
GstElementClass parent_class;
};
/* Standard macros for defining types for this element. */
#define GST_TYPE_EXAMPLE \
(gst_example_get_type())
#define GST_EXAMPLE(obj) \
(GTK_CHECK_CAST((obj),GST_TYPE_EXAMPLE,GstExample))
#define GST_EXAMPLE_CLASS(klass) \
(GTK_CHECK_CLASS_CAST((klass),GST_TYPE_EXAMPLE,GstExample))
#define GST_IS_EXAMPLE(obj) \
(GTK_CHECK_TYPE((obj),GST_TYPE_EXAMPLE))
#define GST_IS_EXAMPLE_CLASS(obj) \
(GTK_CHECK_CLASS_TYPE((klass),GST_TYPE_EXAMPLE))
/* Standard function returning type information. */
GtkType gst_example_get_type(void);
</programlisting>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="sect-boilerplate-filterfactory">
<title>Doing it the easy way with FilterFactory</title>
<para>
A plan for the future is to create a FilterFactory, to make the
process of making a new filter a simple process of specifying a few
details, and writing a small amount of code to perform the actual
data processing.
</para>
<para>
Unfortunately, this hasn't yet been implemented. It is also likely
that when it is, it will not be possible to cover all the possibilities
available by writing the boilerplate yourself, so some plugins will
always need to be manually registered.
</para>
<para>
As a rough outline of what is planned: the FilterFactory will take a
list of appropriate function pointers, and data structures to define
a filter. With a reasonable measure of preprocessor magic, the
plugin writer will then simply need to provide definitions of the
functions and data structures desired, and a name for the filter, and
then call a macro from within plugin_init() which will register the
new filter. All the fluff that goes into the definition of a filter
will thus be hidden from view.
</para>
<para>
Ideally, we will come up with a way for various FilterFactory-provided
functions to be overridden, to the point where you can construct
almost the most complex stuff with it, it just saves typing.
</para>
<para>
Of course, the filter factory can be used to create sources and sinks
too: simply create a filter with only source or sink pads.
</para>
<para>
You may be thinking that this should really be called an
ElementFactory. Well, we agree, but there is already something else
justifiably ealled an ElementFactory (this is the thing which actually
makes instances of elements). There is also already something called
a PluginFactory. We just have too many factories and not enough words.
And since this isn't yet written, it doesn't get priority for claiming
a name.
</para>
</sect1>
</chapter>
<chapter id="cha-idfilter">
<title>An identity filter</title>
<para>
</para>
<sect1 id="sect-idfilter-pads">
<title>Building an object with pads</title>
<para>
</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="sect-idfilter-fns">
<title>Attaching functions</title>
<para>
</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="sect-idfilter-chainfn">
<title>The chain function</title>
<para>
</para>
</sect1>
</chapter>
<chapter id="cha-plugininit">
<title>The plugin_init function</title>
<para>
</para>
<sect1 id="sect-plugininit-types">
<title>Registering the types</title>
<para>
</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="sect-plugininit-filter">
<title>Registering the filter</title>
<para>
</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="sect-plugininit-multiple">
<title>Having multiple filters in a single plugin</title>
<para>
</para>
</sect1>
</chapter>

316
docs/fwg/gst-plugin-writers-guide.sgml
View file

@ -3,8 +3,6 @@
<!ENTITY INTRO SYSTEM "intro.sgml"> <!ENTITY INTRO SYSTEM "intro.sgml">
<!ENTITY FIRSTPLUGIN SYSTEM "firstplugin.sgml">
<!ENTITY TESTAPP SYSTEM "testapp.sgml"> <!ENTITY TESTAPP SYSTEM "testapp.sgml">
<!ENTITY LOOPBASED SYSTEM "loopbased.sgml"> <!ENTITY LOOPBASED SYSTEM "loopbased.sgml">
@ -94,7 +92,7 @@
</para> </para>
<para> <para>
User specific plugin directories and registries will be available User specific plugin directories and registries will be available
in future versions of &GStreamer. in future versions of &GStreamer;.
</para> </para>
</chapter> </chapter>
@ -111,9 +109,9 @@
An element may be constructed in several different ways, but all must An element may be constructed in several different ways, but all must
conform to the same basic rules. A simple filter may be built with the conform to the same basic rules. A simple filter may be built with the
FilterFactory, where the only code that need be written is the actual FilterFactory, where the only code that need be written is the actual
filter code. A more complex filter, or a source or sink, will need to be filter code. A more complex filter, or a source or sink, will need to
written out fully for complete access to the features and performance be written out fully for complete access to the features and
possible with &GStreamer;. performance possible with &GStreamer;.
</para> </para>
<para> <para>
The implementation of a new element will be contained in a plugin: The implementation of a new element will be contained in a plugin:
@ -128,7 +126,9 @@
Buffers are structures used to pass data between elements. All streams Buffers are structures used to pass data between elements. All streams
of data are chopped up into chunks which are stored in buffers. of data are chopped up into chunks which are stored in buffers.
Buffers can be of any size, and also contain metadata indicating the Buffers can be of any size, and also contain metadata indicating the
type of data contained in them. type of data contained in them. Buffers can be allocated by various
different schemes, and may either be passed on by elements or
unreferenced (and the memory used by the buffer freed).
</para> </para>
</chapter> </chapter>
@ -140,7 +140,8 @@
to fully specify that format match up correctly. Each connection to fully specify that format match up correctly. Each connection
that is made between elements has a specified type. This is related, that is made between elements has a specified type. This is related,
but different, to the metadata in buffers which describes the type but different, to the metadata in buffers which describes the type
of data in that particular buffer. of data in that particular buffer. See later in this document for
details of the available types.
</para> </para>
</chapter> </chapter>
@ -162,50 +163,22 @@
</para> </para>
</chapter> </chapter>
</part> <chapter id="cha-chainloop">
<title>Autopluggers</title>
<!-- ############ part ############# -->
<part id="first-plugin"><title>Building our first plugin</title>
<partintro>
<para> <para>
We are now have the neccessary concepts to build our first plugin. &GStreamer; has an autoplugging mechanism, which enables application
We are going to build an element which has a single input pad and writers to simply specify start and end elements for a path, and
a single output pad, and simply passes anything it reads on the system will then create a path which links these elements,
the input pad through and out on the output pad. We will also in accordance with the type information provided by the elements.
see where we could add code to convert this plugin into something
more useful.
</para> </para>
<para> <para>
The example code used in this section can be found in It is possible to devise many different schemes for generating such
<filename>examples/plugins/</filename> pathways, perhaps to optimise based on special criteria, or with
some specific constraints. It is thus possible to define new
autoplugging systems, using the plugin system.
</para> </para>
</partintro> </chapter>
&FIRSTPLUGIN;
</part>
<!-- ############ part ############# -->
<part id="test-app"><title>Building a simple test application</title>
<partintro>
<para>
</para>
</partintro>
&TESTAPP;
</part>
<!-- ############ part ############# -->
<part id="loopbased"><title>Loop-based Elements</title>
<partintro>
<para>
</para>
</partintro>
&LOOPBASED;
</part> </part>
<!-- ############ part ############# --> <!-- ############ part ############# -->
@ -223,7 +196,7 @@
In order for types to be useful, and for systems like autopluggers to In order for types to be useful, and for systems like autopluggers to
work, it is neccessary that all elements work, it is neccessary that all elements
agree on the type definitions, and which properties are required agree on the type definitions, and which properties are required
for each type. The GStreamer framework itself for each type. The &GStreamer; framework itself
simply provides the ability to define types and parameters, but does simply provides the ability to define types and parameters, but does
not fix the meaning of types and parameters, and does not enforce not fix the meaning of types and parameters, and does not enforce
standards on the creation of new types. This is a matter for standards on the creation of new types. This is a matter for
@ -241,8 +214,8 @@
<listitem> <listitem>
<para> <para>
If creating a new type, discuss it first with the other If creating a new type, discuss it first with the other
GStreamer developers, on at least one of: IRC, mailing lists, &GStreamer; developers, on at least one of: IRC, mailing lists,
the GStreamer wiki. the &GStreamer; wiki.
</para> </para>
</listitem> </listitem>
<listitem> <listitem>
@ -376,6 +349,12 @@
- Raw video data. - Raw video data.
</para><para> </para><para>
<emphasis>fourcc</emphasis> <emphasis>fourcc</emphasis>
- A FOURCC code identifying the format in which this data is
stored. FOURCC (Four Character Code) is a simple system to
allow unambiguous identification of a video datastream format.
See <ulink
url="http://www.webartz.com/fourcc/"
type="http">http://www.webartz.com/fourcc/</ulink>
</para><para> </para><para>
<emphasis>width</emphasis> <emphasis>width</emphasis>
- The number of pixels wide that each video frame is. - The number of pixels wide that each video frame is.
@ -434,6 +413,243 @@
</part> </part>
<!-- ############ part ############# -->
<part id="first-plugin"><title>Building our first plugin</title>
<partintro>
<para>
We are now have the neccessary concepts to build our first plugin.
We are going to build an element which has a single input pad and
a single output pad, and simply passes anything it reads on
the input pad through and out on the output pad. We will also
see where we could add code to convert this plugin into something
more useful.
</para>
<para>
The example code used in this section can be found in
<filename>examples/plugins/</filename>
</para>
</partintro>
<chapter id="cha-boilerplate">
<title>Constructing the boilerplate</title>
<para>
The first thing to do when making a new element is to specify some basic
details about it: what its name is, who wrote it, what version number it
is, etc. We also need to define an object to represent the element and to
store the data the element needs. I shall refer to these details
collectively as the <emphasis>boilerplate</emphasis>.
</para>
<sect1 id="sect-boilerplate-gobject">
<title>Doing it the hard way with GstObject</title>
<para>
The standard way of defining the boilerplate is simply to write some
code, and fill in some structures. The easiest way to do this is to
copy an example and modify according to your needs.
</para>
<para>
First we will examine the code you would be likely to place in a header
file (although since the interface to the code is entirely defined
by the pluging system, and doesn't depend on reading a header file,
this is not crucial.)
The code here can be found in
<filename>examples/plugins/example.h</filename>
</para>
<programlisting>
/* Definition of structure storing data for this element. */
typedef struct _GstExample GstExample;
struct _GstExample {
GstElement element;
GstPad *sinkpad,*srcpad;
gint8 active;
};
/* Standard definition defining a class for this element. */
typedef struct _GstExampleClass GstExampleClass;
struct _GstExampleClass {
GstElementClass parent_class;
};
/* Standard macros for defining types for this element. */
#define GST_TYPE_EXAMPLE \
(gst_example_get_type())
#define GST_EXAMPLE(obj) \
(GTK_CHECK_CAST((obj),GST_TYPE_EXAMPLE,GstExample))
#define GST_EXAMPLE_CLASS(klass) \
(GTK_CHECK_CLASS_CAST((klass),GST_TYPE_EXAMPLE,GstExample))
#define GST_IS_EXAMPLE(obj) \
(GTK_CHECK_TYPE((obj),GST_TYPE_EXAMPLE))
#define GST_IS_EXAMPLE_CLASS(obj) \
(GTK_CHECK_CLASS_TYPE((klass),GST_TYPE_EXAMPLE))
/* Standard function returning type information. */
GtkType gst_example_get_type(void);
</programlisting>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="sect-boilerplate-filterfactory">
<title>Doing it the easy way with FilterFactory</title>
<para>
A plan for the future is to create a FilterFactory, to make the
process of making a new filter a simple process of specifying a few
details, and writing a small amount of code to perform the actual
data processing.
</para>
<para>
Unfortunately, this hasn't yet been implemented. It is also likely
that when it is, it will not be possible to cover all the possibilities
available by writing the boilerplate yourself, so some plugins will
always need to be manually registered.
</para>
<para>
As a rough outline of what is planned: the FilterFactory will take a
list of appropriate function pointers, and data structures to define
a filter. With a reasonable measure of preprocessor magic, the
plugin writer will then simply need to provide definitions of the
functions and data structures desired, and a name for the filter, and
then call a macro from within plugin_init() which will register the
new filter. All the fluff that goes into the definition of a filter
will thus be hidden from view.
</para>
<para>
Ideally, we will come up with a way for various FilterFactory-provided
functions to be overridden, to the point where you can construct
almost the most complex stuff with it, it just saves typing.
</para>
<para>
Of course, the filter factory can be used to create sources and sinks
too: simply create a filter with only source or sink pads.
</para>
<para>
You may be thinking that this should really be called an
ElementFactory. Well, we agree, but there is already something else
justifiably ealled an ElementFactory (this is the thing which actually
makes instances of elements). There is also already something called
a PluginFactory. We just have too many factories and not enough words.
And since this isn't yet written, it doesn't get priority for claiming
a name.
</para>
</sect1>
</chapter>
<chapter id="cha-defineelt">
<title>Defining an element</title>
<para>
</para>
<sect1 id="sect-defineelt-pads">
<title>Specifying the pads</title>
<para>
</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="sect-defineelt-fns">
<title>Attaching functions</title>
<para>
</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="sect-defineelt-chainfn">
<title>The chain function</title>
<para>
</para>
</sect1>
</chapter>
<chapter id="cha-plugininit">
<title>The plugin_init function</title>
<para>
Once we have written code defining all the parts of the plugin,
we need to write the plugin_init() function. This is a special
function, which is called as soon as the plugin is loaded, and
must return a pointer to a newly allocated GstPlugin structure.
This structure contains the details of all the facilities provided
by the plugin. Helper functions are provided to help fill the
structure: for future compatability it is recommended that these
functions are used, as documented below.
</para>
<para>
Note that the information returned by the plugin_init() function
will be cached in a central registry. For this reason, it is
important that the same information is always returned by
the function: for example, it must not make element factories
available based on runtime conditions. If an element can only
work in certain conditions (for example, if the soundcard is not
being used by some other process) this must be reflected by the
element being unable to enter the READY state if unavailable, rather
than the plugin attempting to deny existence of the plugin.
</para>
<sect1 id="sect-plugininit-types">
<title>Registering new types</title>
<para>
</para>
<programlisting>
void gst_plugin_add_type(GstPlugin *plugin,
GstTypeFactory *factory);
</programlisting>
<para>
</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="sect-plugininit-filter">
<title>Registering new element factories</title>
<para>
</para>
<programlisting>
void gst_plugin_add_factory(GstPlugin *plugin,
GstElementFactory *factory);
</programlisting>
<para>
Multiple element factories can be provided by a single plugin:
all it needs to do is call gst_plugin_add_factory() for each
element factory it wishes to provide.
</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="sect-plugininit-autopluggers">
<title>Registering new autopluggers</title>
<para>
</para>
<programlisting>
void gst_plugin_add_autoplugger(GstPlugin *plugin,
GstAutoplugFactory *factory);
</programlisting>
</sect1>
</chapter>
</part>
<!-- ############ part ############# -->
<part id="test-app"><title>Building a simple test application</title>
<partintro>
<para>
</para>
</partintro>
&TESTAPP;
</part>
<!-- ############ part ############# -->
<part id="loopbased"><title>Loop-based Elements</title>
<partintro>
<para>
</para>
</partintro>
&LOOPBASED;
</part>
<!-- ############ part ############# --> <!-- ############ part ############# -->
<part id="buffersnmeta"><title>Buffers and Metadata</title> <part id="buffersnmeta"><title>Buffers and Metadata</title>