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helloworld example. and docs
Original commit message from CVS: helloworld example. and docs
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Wim Taymans
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51
docs/manual/fig/hello-world.fig
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docs/manual/fig/hello-world.fig
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#FIG 3.2
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Landscape
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Center
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Inches
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Letter
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1950 1950 11700 1950 11700 4800 1950 4800 1950 1950
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4 0 0 50 0 16 12 0.0000 4 135 255 2175 2250 bin\001
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4 0 0 50 0 16 12 0.0000 4 105 255 3525 3975 src\001
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4 0 0 50 0 16 12 0.0000 4 135 330 4725 3975 sink\001
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4 0 0 50 0 16 12 0.0000 4 105 255 6075 3975 src\001
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4 0 0 50 0 16 12 0.0000 4 135 330 7350 3975 sink\001
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4 0 0 50 0 16 12 0.0000 4 105 255 8625 3975 src\001
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4 0 0 50 0 16 12 0.0000 4 135 330 9750 3975 sink\001
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4 0 0 50 0 16 12 0.0000 4 165 1005 2250 3075 disk_source\001
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4 0 0 50 0 16 12 0.0000 4 150 465 4725 3075 parse\001
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4 0 0 50 0 16 12 0.0000 4 135 690 7275 3075 decoder\001
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4 0 0 50 0 16 12 0.0000 4 180 930 9750 3075 play_audio\001
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362
docs/manual/helloworld.sgml
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docs/manual/helloworld.sgml
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<chapter id="cha-hello">
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<title>Your first application</title>
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<para>
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This chapter describes the most rudimentary aspects of a GStreamer application,
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including initializing the libraries, creating elements, packing them into
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a pipeline and playing, pause and stop the pipeline.
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</para>
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<sect1>
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<title>Hello world</title>
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<para>
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We will create a simple first application. In fact it will be a complete
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MP3 player, using standard GStreamer components. The player will read from
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a file that is given as the first argument of the program.
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</para>
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<programlisting>
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#include <gst/gst.h>
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gboolean playing;
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/* eos will be called when the src element has an end of stream */
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void eos(GstSrc *src)
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{
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g_print("have eos, quitting\n");
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playing = FALSE;
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}
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int main(int argc,char *argv[])
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{
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GstElement *bin, *disksrc, *parse, *decoder, *audiosink;
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if (argc != 2) {
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g_print("usage: %s <filename>n", argv[0]);
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exit(-1);
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}
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gst_init(&argc,&argv);
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gst_plugin_load_all();
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g_print("\n");
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/* create a new bin to hold the elements */
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bin = gst_bin_new("bin");
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/* create a disk reader */
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disksrc = gst_elementfactory_make("disksrc", "disk_source");
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gtk_object_set(GTK_OBJECT(disksrc),"location", argv[1],NULL);
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gtk_signal_connect(GTK_OBJECT(disksrc),"eos",
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GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(eos),NULL);
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/* now it's time to get the parser */
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parse = gst_elementfactory_make("mp3parse","parse");
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decoder = gst_elementfactory_make("mpg123","decoder");
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/* and an audio sink */
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audiosink = gst_elementfactory_make("audiosink", "play_audio");
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/* add objects to the main pipeline */
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gst_bin_add(GST_BIN(bin), disksrc);
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gst_bin_add(GST_BIN(bin), parse);
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gst_bin_add(GST_BIN(bin), decoder);
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gst_bin_add(GST_BIN(bin), audiosink);
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/* connect src to sink */
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gst_pad_connect(gst_element_get_pad(disksrc,"src"),
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gst_element_get_pad(parse,"sink"));
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gst_pad_connect(gst_element_get_pad(parse,"src"),
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gst_element_get_pad(decoder,"sink"));
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gst_pad_connect(gst_element_get_pad(decoder,"src"),
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gst_element_get_pad(audiosink,"sink"));
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/* find out how to handle this bin */
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gst_bin_create_plan(GST_BIN(bin));
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/* make it ready */
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gst_element_set_state(bin, GST_STATE_READY);
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/* start playing */
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gst_element_set_state(bin, GST_STATE_PLAYING);
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playing = TRUE;
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while (playing) {
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gst_bin_iterate(GST_BIN(bin));
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}
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/* stop the bin */
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gst_element_set_state(bin, GST_STATE_NULL);
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gst_object_destroy(GST_OBJECT(audiosink));
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gst_object_destroy(GST_OBJECT(decoder));
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gst_object_destroy(GST_OBJECT(disksrc));
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gst_object_destroy(GST_OBJECT(bin));
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exit(0);
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}
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</programlisting>
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<para>
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Let's go through this example step by step.
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</para>
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<para>
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The first thing you have to do is to include the standard GStreamer headers and
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initialize the framework.
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</para>
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<programlisting>
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#include <gst/gst.h>
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...
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int main(int argc,char *argv[])
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{
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...
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gst_init(&argc,&argv);
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...
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</programlisting>
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<para>
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For simplicity, we are going to load all known plugins. This has the effect
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that all the codecs known to GStreamer are registered to the system.
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</para>
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<programlisting>
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...
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gst_plugin_load_all();
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...
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</programlisting>
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<para>
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We are going to create 4 elements and one bin. Since all objects are
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in fact elements, we can define them as:
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</para>
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<programlisting>
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...
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GstElement *bin, *disksrc, *parse, *decoder, *audiosink;
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...
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</programlisting>
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<para>
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Next, we are going to create an empty bin. As you have seen in the basic
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introduction, this bin will hold and manage all the elements we are
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going to stuff into it.
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</para>
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<programlisting>
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/* create a new bin to hold the elements */
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bin = gst_bin_new("bin");
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</programlisting>
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<para>
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We then create a disk source element. The disk source element is able to
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read from a file. We use the standard GTK+ argument mechanism to set
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a property of the element: the file to read from.
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</para>
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<programlisting>
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/* create a disk reader */
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disksrc = gst_elementfactory_make("disksrc", "disk_source");
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gtk_object_set(GTK_OBJECT(disksrc),"location", argv[1],NULL);
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gtk_signal_connect(GTK_OBJECT(disksrc),"eos",
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GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(eos),NULL);
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</programlisting>
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<para>
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We also connected the eos signal to our function. When the
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disk source has reached an end-of-stream, this function will be called.
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We will use it to set a gboolean value to FALSE;
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</para>
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<note>
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<para>
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You can check if the disksrc != NULL to verify the creation of the
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disk source element.
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</para>
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</note>
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<programlisting>
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gboolean playing;
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...
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/* eos will be called when the src element has an end of stream */
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void eos(GstSrc *src)
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{
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g_print("have eos, quitting\n");
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playing = FALSE;
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}
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</programlisting>
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<para>
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We now create the MP3 decoder element. GStreamer requires you
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to put a parser in front of the decoder. This parser will
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cut the raw data from the disk source into MP3 frames
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suitable for the decoder. In the advanced concepts chapter we will
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see how this can be avoided.
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</para>
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<programlisting>
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/* now it's time to get the parser */
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parse = gst_elementfactory_make("mp3parse","parse");
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decoder = gst_elementfactory_make("mpg123","decoder");
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</programlisting>
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<para>
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gst_elementfactory_make() takes two arguments: a string that will
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identify the element you need and a second argument: how you want
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to name the element. The name of the element is something you can
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choose yourself and might be used to retrieve the element from a
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bin.
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</para>
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<para>
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Finally we create our audio sink element. This element will be able
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to playback the audio using OSS.
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</para>
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<programlisting>
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/* and an audio sink */
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audiosink = gst_elementfactory_make("audiosink", "play_audio");
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</programlisting>
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<para>
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We then add the elements to the bin.
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</para>
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<programlisting>
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/* add objects to the main pipeline */
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gst_bin_add(GST_BIN(bin), disksrc);
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gst_bin_add(GST_BIN(bin), parse);
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gst_bin_add(GST_BIN(bin), decoder);
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gst_bin_add(GST_BIN(bin), audiosink);
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</programlisting>
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<para>
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We connect the different pads of the elements together like this:
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</para>
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<programlisting>
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/* connect src to sink */
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gst_pad_connect(gst_element_get_pad(disksrc,"src"),
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gst_element_get_pad(parse,"sink"));
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gst_pad_connect(gst_element_get_pad(parse,"src"),
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gst_element_get_pad(decoder,"sink"));
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gst_pad_connect(gst_element_get_pad(decoder,"src"),
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gst_element_get_pad(audiosink,"sink"));
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|
</programlisting>
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|
|
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|
<para>
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|
We now have a created a complete pipeline. We can visualise the
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|
pipeline as follows:
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</para>
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<figure float="1" id="sec-hello-img">
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<title>The Hello world pipeline</title>
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<graphic fileref="images/hello-world" format="png"></graphic>
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</figure>
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|
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<para>
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|
Before we can run it, we have to instruct the bin to analyse its contents
|
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|
and come up with a plan to handle the media streams.
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|
</para>
|
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|
<programlisting>
|
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|
/* find out how to handle this bin */
|
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|
gst_bin_create_plan(GST_BIN(bin));
|
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|
</programlisting>
|
||||||
|
|
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|
<para>
|
||||||
|
Everything is now set up to start the streaming. We use the following
|
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|
statements to change the state of the bin:
|
||||||
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
<programlisting>
|
||||||
|
/* make it ready */
|
||||||
|
gst_element_set_state(bin, GST_STATE_READY);
|
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|
/* start playing */
|
||||||
|
gst_element_set_state(bin, GST_STATE_PLAYING);
|
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|
|
||||||
|
playing = TRUE;
|
||||||
|
</programlisting>
|
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|
<note>
|
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|
<para>
|
||||||
|
Before you set the bin to the PLAYING state, you must go through the
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|
READY state. The READY state will, in this example, open the file, open
|
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|
the audio device and initialise the MP3 decoder.
|
||||||
|
</para>
|
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|
</note>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<para>
|
||||||
|
Since we do not use threads, nothing will happen yet. We manually have to
|
||||||
|
call gst_bin_iterate() to execute one iteration of the bin.
|
||||||
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
<programlisting>
|
||||||
|
while (playing) {
|
||||||
|
gst_bin_iterate(GST_BIN(bin));
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
</programlisting>
|
||||||
|
<para>
|
||||||
|
Remember that the variable playing will become false if the disk source
|
||||||
|
has reached an end-of-file. When that happens, the follwing code takes
|
||||||
|
care of the cleanup:
|
||||||
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
<programlisting>
|
||||||
|
/* stop the bin */
|
||||||
|
gst_element_set_state(bin, GST_STATE_NULL);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
gst_object_destroy(GST_OBJECT(audiosink));
|
||||||
|
gst_object_destroy(GST_OBJECT(decoder));
|
||||||
|
gst_object_destroy(GST_OBJECT(disksrc));
|
||||||
|
gst_object_destroy(GST_OBJECT(bin));
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
exit(0);
|
||||||
|
</programlisting>
|
||||||
|
<note>
|
||||||
|
<para>
|
||||||
|
don't forget to set the state of the bin to NULL. This will free
|
||||||
|
all of the resources held by the elements.
|
||||||
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
</note>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
</sect1>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<sect1>
|
||||||
|
<title>compiling helloworld.c</title>
|
||||||
|
<para>
|
||||||
|
To compile the helloworld example, use:
|
||||||
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
<programlisting>
|
||||||
|
gcc -Wall `gstreamer-config --cflags` `gtk-config --cflags` helloworld.c \
|
||||||
|
-o helloworld `gstreamer-config --libs` `gtk-config --libs`
|
||||||
|
</programlisting>
|
||||||
|
<para>
|
||||||
|
This uses the program gstreamer-config, which comes with GStreamer. This program "knows"
|
||||||
|
what compiler switches are needed to compile programs that use GStreamer.
|
||||||
|
gstreamer-config --cflags will output a list of include
|
||||||
|
directories for the compiler to look in, and gstreamer-config --libs will output the
|
||||||
|
list of libraries for the compiler to link with and the directories to find them
|
||||||
|
in.
|
||||||
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
<para>
|
||||||
|
You can run the example with (substitute helloworld.mp3 with you favorite MP3 file):
|
||||||
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
<programlisting>
|
||||||
|
./helloworld helloworld.mp3
|
||||||
|
</programlisting>
|
||||||
|
</sect1>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<sect1>
|
||||||
|
<title>conclusion</title>
|
||||||
|
<para>
|
||||||
|
This concludes our first example. As you see, setting up a pipeline
|
||||||
|
is very lowlevel but powerfull. You will later in this manual how
|
||||||
|
you can create a custom MP3 element with a more high level API.
|
||||||
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
<para>
|
||||||
|
It should be clear from the example that we can vary easily replace the
|
||||||
|
disksrc element with a httpsrc, giving you instant network streaming.
|
||||||
|
An element could be build to handle icecast connections, for example.
|
||||||
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
<para>
|
||||||
|
We can also choose to use another type of sink instead of the audiosink.
|
||||||
|
We could use a disksink to write the raw samples to a file, for example.
|
||||||
|
It should also be clear that inserting filters, like a stereo effect,
|
||||||
|
into the pipeline is not that hard to do. The most important thing is
|
||||||
|
that you can reuse allready existing codecs.
|
||||||
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
</sect1>
|
||||||
|
</chapter>
|
||||||
10
examples/helloworld/Makefile
Normal file
10
examples/helloworld/Makefile
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
CC = gcc
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
helloworld: helloworld.c
|
||||||
|
$(CC) -Wall `gstreamer-config --cflags` `gtk-config --cflags` helloworld.c -o helloworld `gstreamer-config --libs` `gtk-config --libs`
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
clean:
|
||||||
|
rm -f *.o helloworld
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
78
examples/helloworld/helloworld.c
Normal file
78
examples/helloworld/helloworld.c
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
|
||||||
|
#include <gst/gst.h>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
gboolean playing;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/* eos will be called when the src element has an end os stream */
|
||||||
|
void eos(GstSrc *src)
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
g_print("have eos, quitting\n");
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
playing = FALSE;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
int main(int argc,char *argv[])
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
GstElement *bin, *disksrc, *parse, *decoder, *audiosink;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if (argc != 2) {
|
||||||
|
g_print("usage: %s <filename>\n", argv[0]);
|
||||||
|
exit(-1);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
gst_init(&argc,&argv);
|
||||||
|
gst_plugin_load_all();
|
||||||
|
g_print("\n");
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/* create a new bin to hold the elements */
|
||||||
|
bin = gst_bin_new("bin");
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/* create a disk reader */
|
||||||
|
disksrc = gst_elementfactory_make("disksrc", "disk_source");
|
||||||
|
gtk_object_set(GTK_OBJECT(disksrc),"location", argv[1],NULL);
|
||||||
|
gtk_signal_connect(GTK_OBJECT(disksrc),"eos",
|
||||||
|
GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(eos),NULL);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/* now it's time to get the parser */
|
||||||
|
parse = gst_elementfactory_make("mp3parse","parse");
|
||||||
|
decoder = gst_elementfactory_make("mpg123","decoder");
|
||||||
|
/* and an audio sink */
|
||||||
|
audiosink = gst_elementfactory_make("audiosink", "play_audio");
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/* add objects to the main pipeline */
|
||||||
|
gst_bin_add(GST_BIN(bin), disksrc);
|
||||||
|
gst_bin_add(GST_BIN(bin), decoder);
|
||||||
|
gst_bin_add(GST_BIN(bin), audiosink);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/* connect src to sink */
|
||||||
|
gst_pad_connect(gst_element_get_pad(disksrc,"src"),
|
||||||
|
gst_element_get_pad(parse,"sink"));
|
||||||
|
gst_pad_connect(gst_element_get_pad(parse,"src"),
|
||||||
|
gst_element_get_pad(decoder,"sink"));
|
||||||
|
gst_pad_connect(gst_element_get_pad(decoder,"src"),
|
||||||
|
gst_element_get_pad(audiosink,"sink"));
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/* find out how to handle this bin */
|
||||||
|
gst_bin_create_plan(GST_BIN(bin));
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/* make it ready */
|
||||||
|
gst_element_set_state(bin, GST_STATE_READY);
|
||||||
|
/* start playing */
|
||||||
|
gst_element_set_state(bin, GST_STATE_PLAYING);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
playing = TRUE;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
while (playing) {
|
||||||
|
gst_bin_iterate(GST_BIN(bin));
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/* stop the bin */
|
||||||
|
gst_element_set_state(bin, GST_STATE_NULL);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
gst_object_destroy(GST_OBJECT(audiosink));
|
||||||
|
gst_object_destroy(GST_OBJECT(decoder));
|
||||||
|
gst_object_destroy(GST_OBJECT(disksrc));
|
||||||
|
gst_object_destroy(GST_OBJECT(bin));
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
exit(0);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
10
tests/old/examples/helloworld/Makefile
Normal file
10
tests/old/examples/helloworld/Makefile
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
CC = gcc
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
helloworld: helloworld.c
|
||||||
|
$(CC) -Wall `gstreamer-config --cflags` `gtk-config --cflags` helloworld.c -o helloworld `gstreamer-config --libs` `gtk-config --libs`
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
clean:
|
||||||
|
rm -f *.o helloworld
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
78
tests/old/examples/helloworld/helloworld.c
Normal file
78
tests/old/examples/helloworld/helloworld.c
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
|
||||||
|
#include <gst/gst.h>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
gboolean playing;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/* eos will be called when the src element has an end os stream */
|
||||||
|
void eos(GstSrc *src)
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
g_print("have eos, quitting\n");
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
playing = FALSE;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
int main(int argc,char *argv[])
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
GstElement *bin, *disksrc, *parse, *decoder, *audiosink;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if (argc != 2) {
|
||||||
|
g_print("usage: %s <filename>\n", argv[0]);
|
||||||
|
exit(-1);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
gst_init(&argc,&argv);
|
||||||
|
gst_plugin_load_all();
|
||||||
|
g_print("\n");
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/* create a new bin to hold the elements */
|
||||||
|
bin = gst_bin_new("bin");
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/* create a disk reader */
|
||||||
|
disksrc = gst_elementfactory_make("disksrc", "disk_source");
|
||||||
|
gtk_object_set(GTK_OBJECT(disksrc),"location", argv[1],NULL);
|
||||||
|
gtk_signal_connect(GTK_OBJECT(disksrc),"eos",
|
||||||
|
GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(eos),NULL);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/* now it's time to get the parser */
|
||||||
|
parse = gst_elementfactory_make("mp3parse","parse");
|
||||||
|
decoder = gst_elementfactory_make("mpg123","decoder");
|
||||||
|
/* and an audio sink */
|
||||||
|
audiosink = gst_elementfactory_make("audiosink", "play_audio");
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/* add objects to the main pipeline */
|
||||||
|
gst_bin_add(GST_BIN(bin), disksrc);
|
||||||
|
gst_bin_add(GST_BIN(bin), decoder);
|
||||||
|
gst_bin_add(GST_BIN(bin), audiosink);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/* connect src to sink */
|
||||||
|
gst_pad_connect(gst_element_get_pad(disksrc,"src"),
|
||||||
|
gst_element_get_pad(parse,"sink"));
|
||||||
|
gst_pad_connect(gst_element_get_pad(parse,"src"),
|
||||||
|
gst_element_get_pad(decoder,"sink"));
|
||||||
|
gst_pad_connect(gst_element_get_pad(decoder,"src"),
|
||||||
|
gst_element_get_pad(audiosink,"sink"));
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/* find out how to handle this bin */
|
||||||
|
gst_bin_create_plan(GST_BIN(bin));
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/* make it ready */
|
||||||
|
gst_element_set_state(bin, GST_STATE_READY);
|
||||||
|
/* start playing */
|
||||||
|
gst_element_set_state(bin, GST_STATE_PLAYING);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
playing = TRUE;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
while (playing) {
|
||||||
|
gst_bin_iterate(GST_BIN(bin));
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/* stop the bin */
|
||||||
|
gst_element_set_state(bin, GST_STATE_NULL);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
gst_object_destroy(GST_OBJECT(audiosink));
|
||||||
|
gst_object_destroy(GST_OBJECT(decoder));
|
||||||
|
gst_object_destroy(GST_OBJECT(disksrc));
|
||||||
|
gst_object_destroy(GST_OBJECT(bin));
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
exit(0);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Loading…
Reference in a new issue