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129 lines
2.9 KiB
Markdown
129 lines
2.9 KiB
Markdown
# Advanced usage
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## Advanced YAML syntax
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YAML has some advanced syntax features that can be used like variables to reduce duplication in your pipeline config:
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### Anchors & aliases
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You can use [YAML anchors & aliases](https://yaml.org/spec/1.2.2/#3222-anchors-and-aliases) as variables in your pipeline config.
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To convert this:
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```yaml
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steps:
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- name: test
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image: golang:1.18
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commands: go test ./...
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- name: build
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image: golang:1.18
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commands: build
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```
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Just add a new section called **variables** like this:
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```diff
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+variables:
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+ - &golang_image 'golang:1.18'
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steps:
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- name: test
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- image: golang:1.18
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+ image: *golang_image
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commands: go test ./...
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- name: build
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- image: golang:1.18
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+ image: *golang_image
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commands: build
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```
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### Map merges and overwrites
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```yaml
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variables:
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- &base-plugin-settings
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target: dist
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recursive: false
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try: true
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- &special-setting
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special: true
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- &some-plugin codeberg.org/6543/docker-images/print_env
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steps:
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- name: develop
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image: *some-plugin
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settings:
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<<: [*base-plugin-settings, *special-setting] # merge two maps into an empty map
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when:
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branch: develop
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- name: main
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image: *some-plugin
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settings:
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<<: *base-plugin-settings # merge one map and ...
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try: false # ... overwrite original value
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ongoing: false # ... adding a new value
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when:
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branch: main
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```
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### Sequence merges
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```yaml
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variables:
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pre_cmds: &pre_cmds
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- echo start
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- whoami
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post_cmds: &post_cmds
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- echo stop
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hello_cmd: &hello_cmd
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- echo hello
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steps:
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- name: step1
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image: debian
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commands:
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- <<: *pre_cmds # prepend a sequence
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- echo exec step now do dedicated things
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- <<: *post_cmds # append a sequence
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- name: step2
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image: debian
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commands:
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- <<: [*pre_cmds, *hello_cmd] # prepend two sequences
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- echo echo from second step
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- <<: *post_cmds
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```
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### References
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- [Official YAML specification](https://yaml.org/spec/1.2.2/#3222-anchors-and-aliases)
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- [YAML Cheatsheet](https://learnxinyminutes.com/docs/yaml)
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## Persisting environment data between steps
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One can create a file containing environment variables, and then source it in each step that needs them.
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```yaml
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steps:
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- name: init
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image: bash
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commands:
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- echo "FOO=hello" >> envvars
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- echo "BAR=world" >> envvars
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- name: debug
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image: bash
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commands:
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- source envvars
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- echo $FOO
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```
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## Declaring global variables
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As described in [Global environment variables](./50-environment.md#global-environment-variables), you can define global variables:
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```ini
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WOODPECKER_ENVIRONMENT=first_var:value1,second_var:value2
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```
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Note that this tightly couples the server and app configurations (where the app is a completely separate application). But this is a good option for truly global variables which should apply to all steps in all pipelines for all apps.
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