diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index 08c276210..cd295ddff 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -1378,6 +1378,18 @@ dependencies = [
  "uuid",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "deprecate-until"
+version = "0.1.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "7a3767f826efbbe5a5ae093920b58b43b01734202be697e1354914e862e8e704"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "semver",
+ "syn 2.0.102",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "der"
 version = "0.7.10"
@@ -1611,19 +1623,6 @@ version = "0.1.13"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "56254986775e3233ffa9c4d7d3faaf6d36a2c09d30b20687e9f88bc8bafc16c8"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "diffutils"
-version = "0.4.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "c8d7ce619b5c0e13f7543dc2c203a7e6fa37e0111d876339aada7ec9540a58d5"
-dependencies = [
- "chrono",
- "diff",
- "regex",
- "same-file",
- "unicode-width 0.1.14",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "digest"
 version = "0.10.7"
@@ -2402,7 +2401,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "html5ever 0.31.0",
  "tendril",
  "thiserror 2.0.12",
- "unicode-width 0.2.1",
+ "unicode-width",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2901,6 +2900,15 @@ dependencies = [
  "generic-array",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "integer-sqrt"
+version = "0.1.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "276ec31bcb4a9ee45f58bec6f9ec700ae4cf4f4f8f2fa7e06cb406bd5ffdd770"
+dependencies = [
+ "num-traits",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "invisible-characters"
 version = "0.1.3"
@@ -3377,8 +3385,10 @@ dependencies = [
  "diesel-derive-enum",
  "diesel_ltree",
  "diesel_migrations",
- "diffutils",
+ "diff",
+ "itertools 0.14.0",
  "lemmy_utils",
+ "pathfinding",
  "serde",
  "serial_test",
  "strum",
@@ -4680,6 +4690,20 @@ version = "1.0.15"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "57c0d7b74b563b49d38dae00a0c37d4d6de9b432382b2892f0574ddcae73fd0a"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "pathfinding"
+version = "4.14.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "59ac35caa284c08f3721fb33c2741b5f763decaf42d080c8a6a722154347017e"
+dependencies = [
+ "deprecate-until",
+ "indexmap 2.9.0",
+ "integer-sqrt",
+ "num-traits",
+ "rustc-hash 2.1.1",
+ "thiserror 2.0.12",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "pem"
 version = "3.0.5"
@@ -6939,12 +6963,6 @@ version = "1.12.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "f6ccf251212114b54433ec949fd6a7841275f9ada20dddd2f29e9ceea4501493"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "unicode-width"
-version = "0.1.14"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "7dd6e30e90baa6f72411720665d41d89b9a3d039dc45b8faea1ddd07f617f6af"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "unicode-width"
 version = "0.2.1"
@@ -7546,7 +7564,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "bumpalo",
  "leb128fmt",
  "memchr",
- "unicode-width 0.2.1",
+ "unicode-width",
  "wasm-encoder 0.233.0",
 ]
 
diff --git a/crates/db_schema_file/Cargo.toml b/crates/db_schema_file/Cargo.toml
index 840e53de5..ea6f13482 100644
--- a/crates/db_schema_file/Cargo.toml
+++ b/crates/db_schema_file/Cargo.toml
@@ -45,4 +45,6 @@ tracing = { workspace = true, optional = true }
 
 [dev-dependencies]
 serial_test = { workspace = true }
-diffutils = "0.4.2"
+diff = "0.1.13"
+itertools = { workspace = true }
+pathfinding = "4.14.0"
diff --git a/crates/db_schema_file/src/diff_check.rs b/crates/db_schema_file/src/diff_check.rs
index 0268d4dbc..41638f4d7 100644
--- a/crates/db_schema_file/src/diff_check.rs
+++ b/crates/db_schema_file/src/diff_check.rs
@@ -1,11 +1,18 @@
 #![cfg(test)]
 #![expect(clippy::expect_used)]
+use itertools::Itertools;
 use lemmy_utils::settings::SETTINGS;
-use std::process::{Command, Stdio};
+use pathfinding::matrix::Matrix;
+use std::{
+  borrow::Cow,
+  process::{Command, Stdio},
+};
 
 // It's not possible to call `export_snapshot()` for each dump and run the dumps in parallel with
 // the `--snapshot` flag. Don't waste your time!!!!
 
+/// Returns almost all things currently in the database, represented as SQL statements that would
+/// recreate them.
 pub fn get_dump() -> String {
   let db_url = SETTINGS.get_database_url();
   let output = Command::new("pg_dump")
@@ -13,12 +20,22 @@ pub fn get_dump() -> String {
       // Specify database URL
       "--dbname",
       &db_url,
-      // Disable some things
+      // Allow differences in row data and old fast tables
+      "--schema-only",
+      "--exclude-table=comment_aggregates_fast",
+      "--exclude-table=community_aggregates_fast",
+      "--exclude-table=post_aggregates_fast",
+      "--exclude-table=user_fast",
+      // Ignore some things to reduce the amount of queries done by pg_dump
       "--no-owner",
       "--no-privileges",
+      "--no-comments",
+      "--no-publications",
+      "--no-security-labels",
+      "--no-subscriptions",
       "--no-table-access-method",
-      "--schema-only",
-      "--no-sync",
+      "--no-tablespaces",
+      "--no-large-objects",
     ])
     .stderr(Stdio::inherit())
     .output()
@@ -30,12 +47,166 @@ pub fn get_dump() -> String {
   String::from_utf8(output.stdout).expect("pg_dump output is not valid UTF-8 text")
 }
 
-pub fn check_dump_diff(before: String, after: String, label: &str) {
-  if before != after {
-    let diff_bytes =
-      diffutilslib::unified_diff(before.as_bytes(), after.as_bytes(), &Default::default());
-    let diff = String::from_utf8_lossy(&diff_bytes);
+/// Checks dumps returned by [`get_dump`] and panics if they differ in a way that indicates a
+/// mistake in whatever was run in between the dumps.
+///
+/// The panic message shows `label_of_change_from_0_to_1` and a diff from `dumps[0]` to `dumps[1]`.
+/// For example, if something only exists in `dumps[1]`, then the diff represents the addition of
+/// that thing.
+///
+/// `label_of_change_from_0_to_1` must say something about the change from `dumps[0]` to `dumps[1]`,
+/// not `dumps[1]` to `dumps[0]`. This requires the two `dumps` elements being in an order that fits
+/// with `label_of_change_from_0_to_1`. This does not necessarily match the order in which the dumps
+/// were created.
+pub fn check_dump_diff(dumps: [&str; 2], label_of_change_from_0_to_1: &str) {
+  let [sorted_statements_in_0, sorted_statements_in_1] = dumps.map(|dump| {
+    dump
+      .split("\n\n")
+      .map(str::trim_start)
+      .filter(|&chunk| !(is_ignored_trigger(chunk) || is_view(chunk) || is_comment(chunk)))
+      .map(remove_ignored_uniqueness_from_statement)
+      .sorted_unstable()
+      .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+  });
+  let mut statements_only_in_0 = Vec::new();
+  let mut statements_only_in_1 = Vec::new();
+  for diff in diff::slice(&sorted_statements_in_0, &sorted_statements_in_1) {
+    match diff {
+      diff::Result::Left(statement) => statements_only_in_0.push(&**statement),
+      diff::Result::Right(statement) => statements_only_in_1.push(&**statement),
+      diff::Result::Both(_, _) => {}
+    }
+  }
 
-    panic!("{label}\n\n{diff}");
+  if !(statements_only_in_0.is_empty() && statements_only_in_1.is_empty()) {
+    panic!(
+      "{label_of_change_from_0_to_1}\n\n{}",
+      select_pairs([&statements_only_in_0, &statements_only_in_1])
+        .flat_map(|pair| {
+          display_change(pair).chain(["\n"]) // Blank line after each chunk diff
+        })
+        .collect::<String>()
+    );
+  }
+}
+
+fn is_ignored_trigger(chunk: &str) -> bool {
+  [
+    "refresh_comment_like",
+    "refresh_comment",
+    "refresh_community_follower",
+    "refresh_community_user_ban",
+    "refresh_community",
+    "refresh_post_like",
+    "refresh_post",
+    "refresh_private_message",
+    "refresh_user",
+  ]
+  .into_iter()
+  .any(|trigger_name| {
+    [("CREATE FUNCTION public.", '('), ("CREATE TRIGGER ", ' ')]
+      .into_iter()
+      .any(|(before, after)| {
+        chunk
+          .strip_prefix(before)
+          .and_then(|s| s.strip_prefix(trigger_name))
+          .is_some_and(|s| s.starts_with(after))
+      })
+  })
+}
+
+fn is_view(chunk: &str) -> bool {
+  [
+    "CREATE VIEW ",
+    "CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW ",
+    "CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW ",
+  ]
+  .into_iter()
+  .any(|prefix| chunk.starts_with(prefix))
+}
+
+fn is_comment(s: &str) -> bool {
+  s.lines().all(|line| line.starts_with("--"))
+}
+
+fn remove_ignored_uniqueness_from_statement(statement: &str) -> Cow<'_, str> {
+  // Sort column names, so differences in column order are ignored
+  if statement.starts_with("CREATE TABLE ") {
+    let mut lines = statement
+      .lines()
+      .map(|line| line.strip_suffix(',').unwrap_or(line))
+      .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+    sort_within_sections(&mut lines, |line| {
+      match line.chars().next() {
+        // CREATE
+        Some('C') => 0,
+        // Indented column name
+        Some(' ') => 1,
+        // End of column list
+        Some(')') => 2,
+        _ => panic!("unrecognized part of `CREATE TABLE` statement: {line}"),
+      }
+    });
+
+    Cow::Owned(lines.join("\n"))
+  } else {
+    Cow::Borrowed(statement)
+  }
+}
+
+fn sort_within_sections<T: Ord + ?Sized>(vec: &mut [&T], mut section: impl FnMut(&T) -> u8) {
+  vec.sort_unstable_by_key(|&i| (section(i), i));
+}
+
+/// For each string in list 0, makes a guess of which string in list 1 is a variant of it (or vice
+/// versa).
+fn select_pairs<'a>([a, b]: [&'a [&'a str]; 2]) -> impl Iterator<Item = [&'a str; 2]> {
+  let len = std::cmp::max(a.len(), b.len());
+  let get_candidate_pair_at =
+    |(row, column)| [a.get(row), b.get(column)].map(|item| *item.unwrap_or(&""));
+  let difference_amounts = Matrix::from_fn(len, len, |position| {
+    amount_of_difference_between(get_candidate_pair_at(position))
+  });
+  pathfinding::kuhn_munkres::kuhn_munkres_min(&difference_amounts)
+    .1
+    .into_iter()
+    .enumerate()
+    .map(get_candidate_pair_at)
+}
+
+/// Computes string distance, using the already required [`diff`] crate to avoid adding another
+/// dependency.
+fn amount_of_difference_between([a, b]: [&str; 2]) -> isize {
+  diff::chars(a, b)
+    .into_iter()
+    .filter(|i| !matches!(i, diff::Result::Both(_, _)))
+    .fold(0, |count, _| count.saturating_add(1))
+}
+
+/// Returns a string representation of the change from string 0 to string 1.
+fn display_change([before, after]: [&str; 2]) -> impl Iterator<Item = &str> {
+  diff::lines(before, after)
+    .into_iter()
+    .flat_map(|line| match line {
+      diff::Result::Left(s) => ["- ", s, "\n"],
+      diff::Result::Right(s) => ["+ ", s, "\n"],
+      diff::Result::Both(s, _) => ["  ", s, "\n"],
+    })
+}
+
+// `#[cfg(test)]` would be redundant here
+mod tests {
+  #[test]
+  fn test_select_pairs() {
+    let x = "Cupcake";
+    let x_variant = "Cupcaaaaake";
+    let y = "eee";
+    let y_variant = "ee";
+    let z = "bruh";
+    assert_eq!(
+      super::select_pairs([&[x, y, z], &[y_variant, x_variant]]).collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+      vec![[x, x_variant], [y, y_variant], [z, ""]]
+    );
   }
 }
diff --git a/crates/db_schema_file/src/schema_setup.rs b/crates/db_schema_file/src/schema_setup.rs
index f9b954794..486702f7c 100644
--- a/crates/db_schema_file/src/schema_setup.rs
+++ b/crates/db_schema_file/src/schema_setup.rs
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ const REPLACEABLE_SCHEMA_PATH: &str = "crates/db_schema/replaceable_schema";
 struct MigrationHarnessWrapper<'a> {
   conn: &'a mut PgConnection,
   #[cfg(test)]
-  diff_checked_migration_name: Option<String>,
+  enable_diff_check: bool,
   options: &'a Options,
 }
 
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ impl MigrationHarness<Pg> for MigrationHarnessWrapper<'_> {
     migration: &dyn Migration<Pg>,
   ) -> diesel::migration::Result<MigrationVersion<'static>> {
     #[cfg(test)]
-    if self.diff_checked_migration_name == Some(migration.name().to_string()) {
+    if self.enable_diff_check {
       let before = diff_check::get_dump();
 
       self.run_migration_inner(migration)?;
@@ -89,8 +89,7 @@ impl MigrationHarness<Pg> for MigrationHarnessWrapper<'_> {
       let after = diff_check::get_dump();
 
       diff_check::check_dump_diff(
-        after,
-        before,
+        [&after, &before],
         &format!(
           "These changes need to be applied in migrations/{}/down.sql:",
           migration.name()
@@ -234,7 +233,7 @@ pub fn run(options: Options) -> LemmyResult<Branch> {
 
       let after = diff_check::get_dump();
 
-      diff_check::check_dump_diff(before, after, "The code in crates/db_schema/replaceable_schema incorrectly created or modified things outside of the `r` schema, causing these changes to be left behind after dropping the schema:");
+      diff_check::check_dump_diff([&before, &after], "The code in crates/db_schema/replaceable_schema incorrectly created or modified things outside of the `r` schema, causing these changes to be left behind after dropping the schema:");
     }
 
     run_replaceable_schema(&mut conn)?;
@@ -284,17 +283,7 @@ fn run_selected_migrations(
     conn,
     options,
     #[cfg(test)]
-    diff_checked_migration_name: options
-      .enable_diff_check
-      .then(|| diesel::migration::MigrationSource::<Pg>::migrations(&migrations()))
-      .transpose()?
-      // Get the migration with the highest version
-      .and_then(|migrations| {
-        migrations
-          .into_iter()
-          .map(|migration| migration.name().to_string())
-          .max()
-      }),
+    enable_diff_check: options.enable_diff_check,
   };
 
   if options.revert {
@@ -344,8 +333,7 @@ mod tests {
     // Start with consistent state by dropping everything
     conn.batch_execute("DROP OWNED BY CURRENT_USER;")?;
 
-    // Run all migrations, make sure the newest migration can be redone, and check the newest
-    // down.sql file
+    // Run all migrations, and make sure that changes can be correctly reverted
     assert_eq!(run(o.run().enable_diff_check())?, ReplaceableSchemaRebuilt);
 
     // Check for early return
diff --git a/migrations/2020-04-07-135912_add_user_community_apub_constraints/down.sql b/migrations/2020-04-07-135912_add_user_community_apub_constraints/down.sql
index d2be7d337..2ed050ab0 100644
--- a/migrations/2020-04-07-135912_add_user_community_apub_constraints/down.sql
+++ b/migrations/2020-04-07-135912_add_user_community_apub_constraints/down.sql
@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ ALTER TABLE user_
     ADD COLUMN fedi_name varchar(40) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'http://fake.com';
 
 ALTER TABLE user_
+-- Default is only for existing rows
+    ALTER COLUMN fedi_name DROP DEFAULT,
     ADD CONSTRAINT user__name_fedi_name_key UNIQUE (name, fedi_name);
 
 -- Community
diff --git a/migrations/2020-07-08-202609_add_creator_published/down.sql b/migrations/2020-07-08-202609_add_creator_published/down.sql
index 881c1371d..793d32cc5 100644
--- a/migrations/2020-07-08-202609_add_creator_published/down.sql
+++ b/migrations/2020-07-08-202609_add_creator_published/down.sql
@@ -493,3 +493,5 @@ SELECT
 FROM
     post_aggregates_fast pav;
 
+CREATE INDEX idx_post_aggregates_fast_hot_rank_published ON post_aggregates_fast (hot_rank DESC, published DESC);
+
diff --git a/migrations/2020-11-05-152724_activity_remove_user_id/down.sql b/migrations/2020-11-05-152724_activity_remove_user_id/down.sql
index 205f100d2..8a3af3ac1 100644
--- a/migrations/2020-11-05-152724_activity_remove_user_id/down.sql
+++ b/migrations/2020-11-05-152724_activity_remove_user_id/down.sql
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ALTER TABLE activity
-    ADD COLUMN user_id integer;
+    ADD COLUMN user_id integer REFERENCES user_ ON UPDATE CASCADE ON DELETE CASCADE NOT NULL;
 
 ALTER TABLE activity
     DROP COLUMN sensitive;
diff --git a/migrations/2021-02-25-112959_remove-categories/down.sql b/migrations/2021-02-25-112959_remove-categories/down.sql
index 61d8c8d57..6a7fe7cd1 100644
--- a/migrations/2021-02-25-112959_remove-categories/down.sql
+++ b/migrations/2021-02-25-112959_remove-categories/down.sql
@@ -34,3 +34,9 @@ INSERT INTO category (name)
 ALTER TABLE community
     ADD category_id int REFERENCES category ON UPDATE CASCADE ON DELETE CASCADE NOT NULL DEFAULT 1;
 
+-- Default is only for existing rows
+ALTER TABLE community
+    ALTER COLUMN category_id DROP DEFAULT;
+
+CREATE INDEX idx_community_category ON community (category_id);
+
diff --git a/migrations/2021-03-09-171136_split_user_table_2/down.sql b/migrations/2021-03-09-171136_split_user_table_2/down.sql
index cba90ac49..31f355e37 100644
--- a/migrations/2021-03-09-171136_split_user_table_2/down.sql
+++ b/migrations/2021-03-09-171136_split_user_table_2/down.sql
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ ALTER SEQUENCE person_id_seq
 -- Add the columns back in
 ALTER TABLE user_
     ADD COLUMN password_encrypted text NOT NULL DEFAULT 'changeme',
-    ADD COLUMN email text,
+    ADD COLUMN email text UNIQUE,
     ADD COLUMN admin boolean DEFAULT FALSE NOT NULL,
     ADD COLUMN show_nsfw boolean DEFAULT FALSE NOT NULL,
     ADD COLUMN theme character varying(20) DEFAULT 'darkly'::character varying NOT NULL,
@@ -238,7 +238,11 @@ ALTER TABLE user_
     ADD COLUMN lang character varying(20) DEFAULT 'browser'::character varying NOT NULL,
     ADD COLUMN show_avatars boolean DEFAULT TRUE NOT NULL,
     ADD COLUMN send_notifications_to_email boolean DEFAULT FALSE NOT NULL,
-    ADD COLUMN matrix_user_id text;
+    ADD COLUMN matrix_user_id text UNIQUE;
+
+-- Default is only for existing rows
+ALTER TABLE user_
+    ALTER COLUMN password_encrypted DROP DEFAULT;
 
 -- Update the user_ table with the local_user data
 UPDATE
@@ -260,6 +264,8 @@ FROM
 WHERE
     lu.person_id = u.id;
 
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX idx_user_email_lower ON user_ (lower(email));
+
 CREATE VIEW user_alias_1 AS
 SELECT
     *
diff --git a/migrations/2021-09-20-112945_jwt-secret/down.sql b/migrations/2021-09-20-112945_jwt-secret/down.sql
index 89350d96a..a633110a9 100644
--- a/migrations/2021-09-20-112945_jwt-secret/down.sql
+++ b/migrations/2021-09-20-112945_jwt-secret/down.sql
@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
 DROP TABLE secret;
 
+DROP EXTENSION pgcrypto;
+
diff --git a/migrations/2022-05-20-135341_embed-url/down.sql b/migrations/2022-05-20-135341_embed-url/down.sql
index 4ce7051a1..d27ed9098 100644
--- a/migrations/2022-05-20-135341_embed-url/down.sql
+++ b/migrations/2022-05-20-135341_embed-url/down.sql
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ALTER TABLE post
-    DROP COLUMN embed_url;
+    DROP COLUMN embed_video_url;
 
 ALTER TABLE post
-    ADD COLUMN embed_video_url text;
+    ADD COLUMN embed_html text;
 
diff --git a/migrations/2022-07-07-182650_comment_ltrees/up.sql b/migrations/2022-07-07-182650_comment_ltrees/up.sql
index 08c0141d3..73c00e439 100644
--- a/migrations/2022-07-07-182650_comment_ltrees/up.sql
+++ b/migrations/2022-07-07-182650_comment_ltrees/up.sql
@@ -116,6 +116,10 @@ FROM
 WHERE
     c.id = ct.id;
 
+-- Without this, `DROP EXTENSION` in down.sql throws an object dependency error if up.sql and down.sql
+-- are run in the same database connection
+DROP TABLE comment_temp;
+
 -- Update the child counts
 UPDATE
     comment_aggregates ca
diff --git a/migrations/2022-10-06-183632_move_blocklist_to_db/down.sql b/migrations/2022-10-06-183632_move_blocklist_to_db/down.sql
index af95b8773..91ad3fc8b 100644
--- a/migrations/2022-10-06-183632_move_blocklist_to_db/down.sql
+++ b/migrations/2022-10-06-183632_move_blocklist_to_db/down.sql
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ ALTER TABLE site
     ADD COLUMN community_creation_admin_only boolean DEFAULT FALSE NOT NULL,
     ADD COLUMN require_email_verification boolean DEFAULT FALSE NOT NULL,
     ADD COLUMN require_application boolean DEFAULT TRUE NOT NULL,
-    ADD COLUMN application_question text DEFAULT 'to verify that you are human, please explain why you want to create an account on this site'::text,
+    ADD COLUMN application_question text DEFAULT 'To verify that you are human, please explain why you want to create an account on this site'::text,
     ADD COLUMN private_instance boolean DEFAULT FALSE NOT NULL,
     ADD COLUMN default_theme text DEFAULT 'browser'::text NOT NULL,
     ADD COLUMN default_post_listing_type text DEFAULT 'Local'::text NOT NULL,
diff --git a/migrations/2022-11-20-032430_sticky_local/down.sql b/migrations/2022-11-20-032430_sticky_local/down.sql
index 767c9aa7f..0f8458ffe 100644
--- a/migrations/2022-11-20-032430_sticky_local/down.sql
+++ b/migrations/2022-11-20-032430_sticky_local/down.sql
@@ -65,3 +65,15 @@ CREATE TRIGGER post_aggregates_stickied
     WHEN (OLD.stickied IS DISTINCT FROM NEW.stickied)
     EXECUTE PROCEDURE post_aggregates_stickied ();
 
+CREATE INDEX idx_post_aggregates_stickied_newest_comment_time ON post_aggregates (stickied DESC, newest_comment_time DESC);
+
+CREATE INDEX idx_post_aggregates_stickied_comments ON post_aggregates (stickied DESC, comments DESC);
+
+CREATE INDEX idx_post_aggregates_stickied_hot ON post_aggregates (stickied DESC, hot_rank (score, published) DESC, published DESC);
+
+CREATE INDEX idx_post_aggregates_stickied_active ON post_aggregates (stickied DESC, hot_rank (score, newest_comment_time_necro) DESC, newest_comment_time_necro DESC);
+
+CREATE INDEX idx_post_aggregates_stickied_score ON post_aggregates (stickied DESC, score DESC);
+
+CREATE INDEX idx_post_aggregates_stickied_published ON post_aggregates (stickied DESC, published DESC);
+
diff --git a/migrations/2023-01-17-165819_cleanup_post_aggregates_indexes/down.sql b/migrations/2023-01-17-165819_cleanup_post_aggregates_indexes/down.sql
index 9064ea760..9d8e275c8 100644
--- a/migrations/2023-01-17-165819_cleanup_post_aggregates_indexes/down.sql
+++ b/migrations/2023-01-17-165819_cleanup_post_aggregates_indexes/down.sql
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ CREATE INDEX idx_post_aggregates_comments ON post_aggregates (comments DESC);
 
 CREATE INDEX idx_post_aggregates_hot ON post_aggregates (hot_rank (score, published) DESC, published DESC);
 
-CREATE INDEX idx_post_aggregates_active ON post_aggregates (hot_rank (score, newest_comment_time) DESC, newest_comment_time DESC);
+CREATE INDEX idx_post_aggregates_active ON post_aggregates (hot_rank (score, newest_comment_time_necro) DESC, newest_comment_time_necro DESC);
 
 CREATE INDEX idx_post_aggregates_score ON post_aggregates (score DESC);
 
diff --git a/migrations/2023-02-05-102549_drop-site-federation-debug/down.sql b/migrations/2023-02-05-102549_drop-site-federation-debug/down.sql
index 4e141e423..5550a6d2a 100644
--- a/migrations/2023-02-05-102549_drop-site-federation-debug/down.sql
+++ b/migrations/2023-02-05-102549_drop-site-federation-debug/down.sql
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 ALTER TABLE local_site
-    ADD COLUMN federation_debug int DEFAULT 0;
+    ADD COLUMN federation_debug boolean DEFAULT FALSE NOT NULL;
 
diff --git a/migrations/2023-04-14-175955_add_listingtype_sorttype_enums/down.sql b/migrations/2023-04-14-175955_add_listingtype_sorttype_enums/down.sql
index ceb36f538..cdd2f573b 100644
--- a/migrations/2023-04-14-175955_add_listingtype_sorttype_enums/down.sql
+++ b/migrations/2023-04-14-175955_add_listingtype_sorttype_enums/down.sql
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ ALTER TABLE local_site
     ALTER COLUMN default_post_listing_type TYPE text;
 
 ALTER TABLE local_site
-    ALTER COLUMN default_post_listing_type SET DEFAULT 1;
+    ALTER COLUMN default_post_listing_type SET DEFAULT 'Local';
 
 -- Drop the types
 DROP TYPE listing_type_enum;
diff --git a/migrations/2023-06-17-175955_add_listingtype_sorttype_hour_enums/down.sql b/migrations/2023-06-17-175955_add_listingtype_sorttype_hour_enums/down.sql
index bdf20b8eb..5a3577c01 100644
--- a/migrations/2023-06-17-175955_add_listingtype_sorttype_hour_enums/down.sql
+++ b/migrations/2023-06-17-175955_add_listingtype_sorttype_hour_enums/down.sql
@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+ALTER TABLE local_user
+    ALTER default_sort_type DROP DEFAULT;
+
 -- update the default sort type
 UPDATE
     local_user
@@ -29,6 +32,9 @@ ALTER TABLE local_user
     ALTER COLUMN default_sort_type TYPE sort_type_enum
     USING default_sort_type::text::sort_type_enum;
 
+ALTER TABLE local_user
+    ALTER default_sort_type SET DEFAULT 'Active';
+
 -- drop the old enum
 DROP TYPE sort_type_enum__;
 
diff --git a/migrations/2023-06-20-191145_add_listingtype_sorttype_3_6_9_months_enums/down.sql b/migrations/2023-06-20-191145_add_listingtype_sorttype_3_6_9_months_enums/down.sql
index 694b62eee..e0b4b4e9a 100644
--- a/migrations/2023-06-20-191145_add_listingtype_sorttype_3_6_9_months_enums/down.sql
+++ b/migrations/2023-06-20-191145_add_listingtype_sorttype_3_6_9_months_enums/down.sql
@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+ALTER TABLE local_user
+    ALTER default_sort_type DROP DEFAULT;
+
 -- update the default sort type
 UPDATE
     local_user
@@ -32,6 +35,9 @@ ALTER TABLE local_user
     ALTER COLUMN default_sort_type TYPE sort_type_enum
     USING default_sort_type::text::sort_type_enum;
 
+ALTER TABLE local_user
+    ALTER default_sort_type SET DEFAULT 'Active';
+
 -- drop the old enum
 DROP TYPE sort_type_enum__;
 
diff --git a/migrations/2023-07-11-084714_receive_activity_table/down.sql b/migrations/2023-07-11-084714_receive_activity_table/down.sql
index 188b4afa4..086e6a981 100644
--- a/migrations/2023-07-11-084714_receive_activity_table/down.sql
+++ b/migrations/2023-07-11-084714_receive_activity_table/down.sql
@@ -26,3 +26,5 @@ DROP TABLE sent_activity;
 
 DROP TABLE received_activity;
 
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX idx_activity_ap_id ON activity (ap_id);
+
diff --git a/migrations/2023-07-24-232635_trigram-index/down.sql b/migrations/2023-07-24-232635_trigram-index/down.sql
index 6883178f8..f3e3d95ad 100644
--- a/migrations/2023-07-24-232635_trigram-index/down.sql
+++ b/migrations/2023-07-24-232635_trigram-index/down.sql
@@ -6,3 +6,5 @@ DROP INDEX idx_person_trigram;
 
 DROP INDEX idx_community_trigram;
 
+DROP EXTENSION pg_trgm;
+
diff --git a/migrations/2023-08-01-101826_admin_flag_local_user/down.sql b/migrations/2023-08-01-101826_admin_flag_local_user/down.sql
index 8ec229be7..d17637a21 100644
--- a/migrations/2023-08-01-101826_admin_flag_local_user/down.sql
+++ b/migrations/2023-08-01-101826_admin_flag_local_user/down.sql
@@ -14,3 +14,7 @@ WHERE
 ALTER TABLE local_user
     DROP COLUMN admin;
 
+CREATE INDEX idx_person_admin ON person (admin)
+WHERE
+    admin;
+
diff --git a/migrations/2023-08-02-174444_fix-timezones/down.sql b/migrations/2023-08-02-174444_fix-timezones/down.sql
index c81afa9d5..1c9fae318 100644
--- a/migrations/2023-08-02-174444_fix-timezones/down.sql
+++ b/migrations/2023-08-02-174444_fix-timezones/down.sql
@@ -328,7 +328,9 @@ ALTER TABLE captcha_answer
     ALTER COLUMN published TYPE timestamp
     USING published;
 
-CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION hot_rank (score numeric, published timestamp without time zone)
+DROP FUNCTION hot_rank;
+
+CREATE FUNCTION hot_rank (score numeric, published timestamp without time zone)
     RETURNS integer
     AS $$
 DECLARE
diff --git a/migrations/2023-08-23-182533_scaled_rank/down.sql b/migrations/2023-08-23-182533_scaled_rank/down.sql
index afe1bfc21..0e8035cd4 100644
--- a/migrations/2023-08-23-182533_scaled_rank/down.sql
+++ b/migrations/2023-08-23-182533_scaled_rank/down.sql
@@ -85,3 +85,18 @@ ALTER TABLE local_user
 -- drop the old enum
 DROP TYPE sort_type_enum__;
 
+-- Remove int to float conversions that were automatically added to index filters
+DROP INDEX idx_comment_aggregates_nonzero_hotrank, idx_community_aggregates_nonzero_hotrank, idx_post_aggregates_nonzero_hotrank;
+
+CREATE INDEX idx_community_aggregates_nonzero_hotrank ON community_aggregates (published)
+WHERE
+    hot_rank != 0;
+
+CREATE INDEX idx_comment_aggregates_nonzero_hotrank ON comment_aggregates (published)
+WHERE
+    hot_rank != 0;
+
+CREATE INDEX idx_post_aggregates_nonzero_hotrank ON post_aggregates (published DESC)
+WHERE
+    hot_rank != 0 OR hot_rank_active != 0;
+
diff --git a/migrations/2023-09-18-141700_login-token/down.sql b/migrations/2023-09-18-141700_login-token/down.sql
index 826e05e70..48ecd1e1e 100644
--- a/migrations/2023-09-18-141700_login-token/down.sql
+++ b/migrations/2023-09-18-141700_login-token/down.sql
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 DROP TABLE login_token;
 
 ALTER TABLE local_user
-    ADD COLUMN validator_time timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT now();
+    ADD COLUMN validator_time timestamptz NOT NULL DEFAULT now();
 
diff --git a/migrations/2023-10-17-181800_drop_remove_community_expires/down.sql b/migrations/2023-10-17-181800_drop_remove_community_expires/down.sql
index 048c3d7f1..d0e792db5 100644
--- a/migrations/2023-10-17-181800_drop_remove_community_expires/down.sql
+++ b/migrations/2023-10-17-181800_drop_remove_community_expires/down.sql
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 ALTER TABLE mod_remove_community
-    ADD COLUMN expires timestamp;
+    ADD COLUMN expires timestamptz;
 
diff --git a/migrations/2023-10-24-030352_change_primary_keys_and_remove_some_id_columns/down.sql b/migrations/2023-10-24-030352_change_primary_keys_and_remove_some_id_columns/down.sql
index b5078355e..bebadd999 100644
--- a/migrations/2023-10-24-030352_change_primary_keys_and_remove_some_id_columns/down.sql
+++ b/migrations/2023-10-24-030352_change_primary_keys_and_remove_some_id_columns/down.sql
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ ALTER TABLE post_read
 ALTER TABLE received_activity
     ADD UNIQUE (ap_id),
     DROP CONSTRAINT received_activity_pkey,
-    ADD COLUMN id serial PRIMARY KEY;
+    ADD COLUMN id bigserial PRIMARY KEY;
 
 CREATE INDEX idx_post_saved_person_id ON post_saved (person_id);
 
diff --git a/migrations/2024-02-24-034523_replaceable-schema/down.sql b/migrations/2024-02-24-034523_replaceable-schema/down.sql
index d4d32b827..d3f2f89c5 100644
--- a/migrations/2024-02-24-034523_replaceable-schema/down.sql
+++ b/migrations/2024-02-24-034523_replaceable-schema/down.sql
@@ -945,6 +945,13 @@ CREATE TRIGGER site_aggregates_comment_insert
     WHEN ((new.local = TRUE))
     EXECUTE FUNCTION site_aggregates_comment_insert ();
 
+CREATE TRIGGER site_aggregates_community_delete
+    AFTER DELETE OR UPDATE OF removed,
+    deleted ON community
+    FOR EACH ROW
+    WHEN (OLD.local = TRUE)
+    EXECUTE PROCEDURE site_aggregates_community_delete ();
+
 CREATE TRIGGER site_aggregates_community_insert
     AFTER INSERT OR UPDATE OF removed,
     deleted ON community
diff --git a/migrations/2024-04-08-204327_custom_emoji_tagline_changes/down.sql b/migrations/2024-04-08-204327_custom_emoji_tagline_changes/down.sql
index a6b01a1d1..8b842ac73 100644
--- a/migrations/2024-04-08-204327_custom_emoji_tagline_changes/down.sql
+++ b/migrations/2024-04-08-204327_custom_emoji_tagline_changes/down.sql
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ALTER TABLE custom_emoji
-    ADD COLUMN local_site_id int REFERENCES local_site (site_id) ON UPDATE CASCADE ON DELETE CASCADE;
+    ADD COLUMN local_site_id int REFERENCES local_site ON UPDATE CASCADE ON DELETE CASCADE;
 
 UPDATE
     custom_emoji
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ ALTER TABLE custom_emoji
     ALTER COLUMN local_site_id SET NOT NULL;
 
 ALTER TABLE tagline
-    ADD COLUMN local_site_id int REFERENCES local_site (site_id) ON UPDATE CASCADE ON DELETE CASCADE;
+    ADD COLUMN local_site_id int REFERENCES local_site ON UPDATE CASCADE ON DELETE CASCADE;
 
 UPDATE
     tagline
diff --git a/migrations/2024-09-12-130204_drop-enable-nsfw/down.sql b/migrations/2024-09-12-130204_drop-enable-nsfw/down.sql
index 7cbad1998..38dcdb8d9 100644
--- a/migrations/2024-09-12-130204_drop-enable-nsfw/down.sql
+++ b/migrations/2024-09-12-130204_drop-enable-nsfw/down.sql
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ALTER TABLE local_site
-    ADD COLUMN enable_nsfw boolean NOT NULL DEFAULT FALSE;
+    ADD COLUMN enable_nsfw boolean NOT NULL DEFAULT TRUE;
 
 UPDATE
     local_site
diff --git a/migrations/2024-10-23-091053_comment-vote-remote-postid/down.sql b/migrations/2024-10-23-091053_comment-vote-remote-postid/down.sql
index 21c730af3..70a078e11 100644
--- a/migrations/2024-10-23-091053_comment-vote-remote-postid/down.sql
+++ b/migrations/2024-10-23-091053_comment-vote-remote-postid/down.sql
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ALTER TABLE comment_like
-    ADD COLUMN post_id int;
+    ADD COLUMN post_id int REFERENCES post ON UPDATE CASCADE ON DELETE CASCADE NOT NULL;
 
 UPDATE
     comment_like
@@ -13,3 +13,5 @@ WHERE
 ALTER TABLE comment_like
     ALTER COLUMN post_id SET NOT NULL;
 
+CREATE INDEX idx_comment_like_post ON comment_like (post_id);
+
diff --git a/migrations/2024-11-10-134311_smoosh-tables-together/down.sql b/migrations/2024-11-10-134311_smoosh-tables-together/down.sql
index 29b95d2cd..c05b01f9b 100644
--- a/migrations/2024-11-10-134311_smoosh-tables-together/down.sql
+++ b/migrations/2024-11-10-134311_smoosh-tables-together/down.sql
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ CREATE TABLE person_post_aggregates (
     person_id int REFERENCES person ON UPDATE CASCADE ON DELETE CASCADE NOT NULL,
     post_id int REFERENCES post ON UPDATE CASCADE ON DELETE CASCADE NOT NULL,
     read_comments bigint DEFAULT 0 NOT NULL,
-    published timestamptz NOT NULL,
+    published timestamptz NOT NULL DEFAULT now(),
     PRIMARY KEY (person_id, post_id)
 );
 
diff --git a/migrations/2024-11-12-090437_move-triggers/down.sql b/migrations/2024-11-12-090437_move-triggers/down.sql
index 3607679bc..4fe7689fc 100644
--- a/migrations/2024-11-12-090437_move-triggers/down.sql
+++ b/migrations/2024-11-12-090437_move-triggers/down.sql
@@ -48,8 +48,7 @@ BEGIN
             p.community_id
         FROM
             comment_like cl
-            INNER JOIN comment c ON cl.comment_id = comment.id
-            INNER JOIN post p ON comment.post_id = p.id
+            INNER JOIN post p ON cl.post_id = p.id
             INNER JOIN person pe ON cl.person_id = pe.id
         WHERE
             cl.published > ('now'::timestamp - i::interval)
diff --git a/scripts/start_dev_db.sh b/scripts/start_dev_db.sh
index e8875406c..1a992cb01 100644
--- a/scripts/start_dev_db.sh
+++ b/scripts/start_dev_db.sh
@@ -41,6 +41,9 @@ config_args=(
 
   # Don't log parameter values
   -c auto_explain.log_parameter_max_length=0
+
+  # Disable fsync, a feature that prevents corruption on crash (doesn't matter on a temporary test database) and slows things down, especially migration tests
+  -c fsync=off
 )
 
 # Create cluster